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      News & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video Decision Point
      Drugs & Diseases

      Garlic (Herb/Suppl)

      Brand and Other Names:ail, ajo, more...Allium sativum, camphor of the poor, da-suan, knoblauch, la-suan, nectar of the Gods, poor man's treacle, rust treacle, stinking rose
      • Print

      Suggested Dosing

      Oral

      Standardized extract

      • 200-400 mg PO TID

      Aged extract

      • 600-7200 mg/d PO

      Fresh

      • 4 g (approx 1 clove) PO qD

      Topical (Liquefied raw Garlic or Extract)

      Apply to affected area TID

      Next:

      Suggested Uses

      CAD (prevention), cancer (prevention), circulation (enhancement), Helicobacter pylori infection, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, immunostimulant, menstrual disorders, tick repellant, tinea infections

      Efficacy

      Some conflicting data on serum lipid reduction; overall shown to be "modestly" effective in decreasing serum cholesterol

      Demonstrated to lower systolic & diastolic BP

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      Interactions

      Interaction Checker

      and Garlic

      No Results

         activity indicator 
        No Interactions Found
        Interactions Found

        Contraindicated

          Serious - Use Alternative

            Significant - Monitor Closely

              Minor

                All Interactions Sort By:
                 activity indicator 

                Contraindicated (0)

                  Serious - Use Alternative (0)

                    Monitor Closely (79)

                    • aceclofenac

                      aceclofenac and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • acemetacin

                      acemetacin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • agrimony

                      agrimony and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • alfalfa

                      alfalfa and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • alteplase

                      alteplase and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • American ginseng

                      American ginseng and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • antithrombin alfa

                      antithrombin alfa and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • antithrombin III

                      antithrombin III and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • argatroban

                      argatroban and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • aspirin

                      aspirin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • aspirin rectal

                      aspirin rectal and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                      aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • atazanavir

                      garlic decreases levels of atazanavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • bemiparin

                      bemiparin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • betrixaban

                      garlic, betrixaban. Either increases levels of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • bivalirudin

                      bivalirudin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • celecoxib

                      celecoxib and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                      choline magnesium trisalicylate and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • cinnamon

                      cinnamon and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • cordyceps

                      cordyceps and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • dabigatran

                      dabigatran and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • dalteparin

                      dalteparin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • darunavir

                      garlic decreases levels of darunavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • diclofenac

                      diclofenac and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • diflunisal

                      diflunisal and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • dong quai

                      dong quai and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • enoxaparin

                      enoxaparin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • epoprostenol

                      epoprostenol and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • etodolac

                      etodolac and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • fennel

                      fennel and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • fenoprofen

                      fenoprofen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • feverfew

                      feverfew and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • flurbiprofen

                      flurbiprofen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • fondaparinux

                      fondaparinux and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • forskolin

                      forskolin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • fosamprenavir

                      garlic decreases levels of fosamprenavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ginger

                      garlic and ginger both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ginkgo biloba

                      garlic and ginkgo biloba both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • heparin

                      heparin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • horse chestnut seed

                      garlic and horse chestnut seed both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ibuprofen

                      ibuprofen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ibuprofen IV

                      ibuprofen IV and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • indinavir

                      garlic decreases levels of indinavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • indomethacin

                      indomethacin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ketoprofen

                      ketoprofen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ketorolac

                      ketorolac and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • ketorolac intranasal

                      ketorolac intranasal and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • lornoxicam

                      lornoxicam and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • meclofenamate

                      meclofenamate and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • mefenamic acid

                      mefenamic acid and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • meloxicam

                      meloxicam and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • mistletoe

                      garlic increases and mistletoe decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • nabumetone

                      nabumetone and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • naproxen

                      naproxen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • nelfinavir

                      garlic decreases levels of nelfinavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • nettle

                      garlic increases and nettle decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • oxaprozin

                      oxaprozin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • panax ginseng

                      garlic and panax ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • parecoxib

                      parecoxib and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • pau d'arco

                      garlic and pau d'arco both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • phenindione

                      phenindione and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • phytoestrogens

                      garlic and phytoestrogens both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • piroxicam

                      piroxicam and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • protamine

                      protamine and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • reishi

                      garlic and reishi both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • reteplase

                      reteplase and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • ritonavir

                      garlic decreases levels of ritonavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • salicylates (non-asa)

                      salicylates (non-asa) and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • salsalate

                      salsalate and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • saquinavir

                      garlic decreases levels of saquinavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • Siberian ginseng

                      garlic and Siberian ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • sulfasalazine

                      sulfasalazine and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • sulindac

                      sulindac and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • tenecteplase

                      tenecteplase and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                    • tipranavir

                      garlic decreases levels of tipranavir by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • tolfenamic acid

                      tolfenamic acid and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • tolmetin

                      tolmetin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • vitamin K1 (phytonadione)

                      garlic increases and vitamin K1 (phytonadione) decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    • vortioxetine

                      garlic, vortioxetine. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    Minor (4)

                    • anamu

                      anamu and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                    • danshen

                      danshen and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                    • devil's claw

                      devil's claw and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                    • green tea

                      green tea, garlic. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Use caution when combining green tea with herbs that exhibit antiplatelet effects or anticoagulant activity.

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                    Adverse Effects

                    Frequency Not Defined

                    Anaphylaxis

                    Angioedema

                    Asthma

                    Bleeding

                    Conjunctivitis

                    Contact dermatitis (topical use)

                    Diarrhea

                    Eczema (topical use)

                    Flatulence

                    GI irritation/burning

                    GI upset

                    Heartburn

                    Nausea/vomiting

                    Rhinitis

                    Urticaria

                    Previous
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                    Warnings

                    Contraindications

                    Bleeding disorders, surgery within 1-2 weeks

                    Cautions

                    Concurrent CYP 3A4 substrates, diabetes mellitus, GI infection, inflammatory bowel disease

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                    Pregnancy & Lactation

                    Pregnancy Category: N/A

                    Lactation: N/A

                    Pregnancy Categories

                    A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

                    B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

                    C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

                    D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

                    X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

                    NA: Information not available.

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                    Pharmacology

                    Decrease in cholesterol: 8-16 weeks

                    Hypotensive effects: 1-6 month

                    Metabolism: N/A

                    Excretion: N/A

                    Mechanism of Action

                    Active constituent: allicin

                    Inhib. cholesterol biosynthesis

                    Inhib. platelet aggregation, thromboxane synthesis, lysosomal enzyme release; decr vascular musc. tone

                    Possible interference w/microbial structure, function

                    Previous
                    Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.
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