Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
sodium citrate/citric acid (1 mEq sodium equivalent to 1 mEq bicarbonate)
oral solution
- (500mg/334mg)/5mL
- (500mg/300mg)/5mL
- (490mg/640mg)/5mL
Urine Alkalinization, Prevention of Nephrolithiasis
10-30 mL diluted in up to 6 oz water/juice PO PC & HS PRN
Follow with additional water if desired
Dosage Forms & Strengths
sodium citrate/citric acid (1 mEq sodium equivalent to 1 mEq bicarbonate)
oral solution
- (500mg/334mg)/5mL
- (500mg/300mg)/5mL
- (490mg/640mg)/5mL
Urine Alkalinization, Prevention of Nephrolithiasis
<2 years: Based on physician's discretion
≥2 years: 5-15 mL diluted in 30-90 mL of water/juice PO PC & HS PRN
Follow with additional water if desired
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (22)
- atazanavir
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of atazanavir by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- dapsone
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of dapsone by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- dasatinib
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of dasatinib by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- demeclocycline
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- digoxin
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of digoxin by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- doxycycline
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of doxycycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- eltrombopag
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of eltrombopag by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Contraindicated. Separate by at least 4 hours.
- fleroxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of fleroxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- gemifloxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of gemifloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- indinavir
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of indinavir by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- itraconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of itraconazole by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ketoconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ketoconazole by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- levofloxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of levofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- levoketoconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of levoketoconazole by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- minocycline
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of minocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- moxifloxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of moxifloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- nimodipine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of nimodipine by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- nisoldipine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of nisoldipine by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- nitrendipine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of nitrendipine by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ofloxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of ofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- oxytetracycline
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of oxytetracycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- tetracycline
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of tetracycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
Monitor Closely (85)
- acebutolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of acebutolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- alendronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of alendronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- allopurinol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of allopurinol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- ampicillin
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ampicillin by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atenolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- azithromycin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of azithromycin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- bearberry
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of bearberry by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- benazepril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of benazepril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- benzphetamine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of benzphetamine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- betaxolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of betaxolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- bisoprolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of bisoprolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- capecitabine
sodium citrate/citric acid increases levels of capecitabine by enhancing GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- captopril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of captopril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Sodium citrate/citric acid may decrease absorption of captopril.
- carbonyl iron
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of carbonyl iron by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- carvedilol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of carvedilol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- cefpodoxime
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of cefpodoxime by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- celecoxib
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of celecoxib by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- celiprolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of celiprolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- chenodiol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of chenodiol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- ciprofloxacin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of ciprofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. A large proportion of ciprofloxacin is normally excreted unchanged in the urine. When urinary alkalinizing agents such as sodium citrate are used concomitantly, the solubility of ciprofloxacin can be decreased because of alkaline urine. Patients should be monitored for crystalluria and nephrotoxicity.
- deferoxamine
deferoxamine decreases levels of sodium citrate/citric acid by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Deferoxamine chelates iron; its affinity for other minerals is unknown.
- dextroamphetamine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of dextroamphetamine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- enalapril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of enalapril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ephedrine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of ephedrine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin base
sodium citrate/citric acid increases levels of erythromycin base by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin ethylsuccinate
sodium citrate/citric acid increases levels of erythromycin ethylsuccinate by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin lactobionate
sodium citrate/citric acid increases levels of erythromycin lactobionate by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin stearate
sodium citrate/citric acid increases levels of erythromycin stearate by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- esmolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of esmolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- etidronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of etidronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- ferric maltol
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ferric maltol by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ferrous fumarate
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ferrous fumarate by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ferrous gluconate
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ferrous gluconate by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ferrous sulfate
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of ferrous sulfate by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- flecainide
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of flecainide by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fosamprenavir
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of fosamprenavir by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fosinopril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of fosinopril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- gabapentin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of gabapentin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- gabapentin enacarbil
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of gabapentin enacarbil by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- glipizide
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of glipizide by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glyburide
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of glyburide by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ibandronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of ibandronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- imidapril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of imidapril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- iron dextran complex
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of iron dextran complex by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- iron sucrose
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of iron sucrose by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- isoniazid
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of isoniazid by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- itraconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of itraconazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- ketoconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of ketoconazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- labetalol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of labetalol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- lactulose
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of lactulose by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- levoketoconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of levoketoconazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- lisinopril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of lisinopril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- memantine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of memantine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- methscopolamine
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of methscopolamine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- metoprolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of metoprolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- mexiletine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of mexiletine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- moexipril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of moexipril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- mycophenolate
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of mycophenolate by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nadolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of nadolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- nebivolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of nebivolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- nitrofurantoin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of nitrofurantoin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- omadacycline
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of omadacycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Multivalent cation-containing products may impair absorption of tetracyclines, which may decrease its efficacy. Separate dosing of tetracyclines from these products.
- pamidronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of pamidronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- penbutolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of penbutolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- penicillamine
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of penicillamine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- perindopril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of perindopril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pindolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of pindolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- polysaccharide iron
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of polysaccharide iron by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- posaconazole
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of posaconazole by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- propranolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of propranolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- pseudoephedrine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of pseudoephedrine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor.
- quinapril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of quinapril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- quinidine
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of quinidine by passive renal tubular reabsorption - basic urine. Use Caution/Monitor. Elevated quinidine plasma levels, possibly with cardiac conduction disturbances and arrhythmias, may occur.
- ramipril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of ramipril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- risedronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of risedronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- rose hips
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of rose hips by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rosuvastatin
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of rosuvastatin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- sarecycline
sodium citrate/citric acid will decrease the level or effect of sarecycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Multivalent cation-containing products may impair absorption of tetracyclines, which may decrease its efficacy. Separate dosing of tetracyclines from these products.
- sotalol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of sotalol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- tiludronate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of tiludronate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- timolol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of timolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
- tolbutamide
sodium citrate/citric acid will increase the level or effect of tolbutamide by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- trandolapril
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of trandolapril by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ursodiol
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases effects of ursodiol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- zoledronic acid
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of zoledronic acid by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.
Minor (15)
- aspirin
sodium citrate/citric acid, aspirin. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- aspirin rectal
sodium citrate/citric acid, aspirin rectal. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate
sodium citrate/citric acid, aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- balsalazide
sodium citrate/citric acid, balsalazide. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- blessed thistle
blessed thistle decreases effects of sodium citrate/citric acid by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Theoretical interaction.
- choline magnesium trisalicylate
sodium citrate/citric acid, choline magnesium trisalicylate. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- chromium
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of chromium by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown. Separate by 2 hours.
- devil's claw
devil's claw decreases effects of sodium citrate/citric acid by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- diflunisal
sodium citrate/citric acid, diflunisal. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- mesalamine
sodium citrate/citric acid, mesalamine. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- salicylates (non-asa)
sodium citrate/citric acid, salicylates (non-asa). Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- salsalate
sodium citrate/citric acid, salsalate. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- strontium ranelate
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of strontium ranelate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown. Separate by 2 hr when possible.
- sulfasalazine
sodium citrate/citric acid, sulfasalazine. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
- willow bark
sodium citrate/citric acid, willow bark. Mechanism: passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Minor/Significance Unknown. Salicylate levels increased at moderate doses; salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid).
Adverse Effects
Frequency Not Defined
Diarrhea
Nausea
Tetany
Metabolic alkalosis
Vomiting
Stomach pain
Fluid retention
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to drug or component of the formulation
Severe renal impairment, oliguria, anuria, azotemia, acute dehydration, untreated Addison disease, adynamia episodica hereditaria, heat cramp, hyperkalemia, severe myocardial damage, sodium-restricted diet
Cautions
Use with caution in toxemia of pregnancy
Contains sodium; use caution in patients with peripheral or pulmonary edema, severe renal impairment, hypertension, or heart failure
Conversion to bicarbonate may be impaired; use caution in shock, severely ill, or hepatic failure
Do not dilute in tomato juice
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category: C
Lactation: consult physician
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Alkalinizes urine; citrate binds with urinary calcium
Pharmacokinetics
Metabolism: Oxidized to sodium bicarbonate
Excretion: Urine
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| sodium citrate-citric acid oral - | 500-334 mg/5 mL solution |  | |
| sodium citrate-citric acid oral - | 500-334 mg/5 mL solution |  | |
| Oracit oral - | 490-640 mg/5 mL solution |  | |
| Oracit oral - | 490-640 mg/5 mL solution |  | |
| Cytra-2 oral - | 500-334 mg/5 mL solution |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
sodium citrate-citric acid oral
CITRIC ACID/SODIUM CITRATE - ORAL
(SIT-rik AS-id/SOE-dee-um SI-trate)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Bicitra, Cytra-2, Oracit, Shohl's
USES: This medication is used to make the urine less acidic. Urine that is less acidic helps the kidneys get rid of uric acid, helping to prevent gout and certain types of kidney stones (urate). This medication can also prevent and treat certain metabolic problems (acidosis) caused by kidney disease.Citric acid and citrate salts (which contain potassium and sodium) belong to a class of drugs known as urinary alkalinizers. Because some conditions require you to limit your intake of potassium and sodium, your doctor's choice of product may depend on how much potassium and sodium you can take.
HOW TO USE: Shake the container well before each dose. Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually 4 times a day. To help prevent diarrhea and stomach upset, take each dose after a meal, and mix your prescribed dose of medication in a full glass (4 to 8 ounces or 120 to 240 milliliters) of cold water or juice just before taking, or take as directed by your doctor. Drink the entire mixture slowly. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for further instructions.The liquid form of this medication must be mixed with at least 4 ounces (120 milliliters) of water or juice before taking.Refrigerating the mixture before drinking may improve the taste. Drink more water or juice after taking this medication unless otherwise directed by your doctor.Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.Take this medication as prescribed. Do not increase your dose or take this more often without your doctor's approval. Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same times each day.While taking this medication, you may need to test the pH (acidity) of your urine using special paper. The pH will help determine the proper dose. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain may occur. Mixing the medication with water or juice, taking it after meals, and drinking more fluids will help prevent these side effects. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: swelling of the hands/ankles/feet, tingling/numbness of the hands/feet, weakness, fast/slow/irregular heartbeat, mental/mood changes (such as confusion, restlessness), muscle spasms, seizures.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: a sodium-restricted diet, mineral imbalance (such as high sodium or low calcium levels), extra fluid in the body (such as swelling of arms/legs, fluid in the lungs), high blood pressure, heart problems (such as irregular heartbeat, heart failure), kidney disease.Liquid forms of this product may contain sugar. Caution is advised if you have diabetes. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.Because this medication contains salt (sodium), tell your doctor if you are on a salt-restricted diet.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. This medication may worsen high blood pressure during pregnancy (toxemia of pregnancy). Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug are: antacids that contain aluminum, aspirin and other salicylates (such as salsalate), lithium, quinidine.If your doctor has directed you to take low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention (usually 81-162 milligrams a day), you should continue taking it unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: muscle spasms, seizures.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as sodium levels) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from heat, light, and moisture. Do not freeze. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
Information last revised May 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.
Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
