Fennel (Herb/Suppl)

Brand and Other Names:aneth doux, bitterfenchel, more...fenchel, foeniculum vulgare

Suggested Dosing

Tea

1-2 g crushed seed in 150 mL boiling water

Tincture

5-7.5 g/day PO

Fennel oil

01.-0.6 mL; no more than 2 weeks

Capsules

Take 1-2 caps (480-960 mg) qDay-TID, preferably with food

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Suggested Uses

Treatment of infants & nursing children suffering from colic & dyspeptic disease

Digestive aid

URI, cough & sore throat

Reduces pain associated with menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea)

Increase milk secretion, promote menstruation, facilitate birth, alleviate male climacteric (andropause) symptoms, & incr libido

Antiinflammatory, analgesic & antioxidant properties

Efficacy

Colic: A clinical trial showed breast-fed infants with colic had decreased crying time

Insufficient reliable information about effectiveness for other uses

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and Fennel

No Results

     activity indicator 
    No Interactions Found
    Interactions Found

    Contraindicated

      Serious - Use Alternative

        Significant - Monitor Closely

          Minor

            All Interactions Sort By:
             activity indicator 

            Contraindicated (0)

              Serious - Use Alternative (0)

                Monitor Closely (73)

                • aceclofenac

                  aceclofenac and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • acemetacin

                  acemetacin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • agrimony

                  agrimony and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • alfalfa

                  alfalfa and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • American ginseng

                  American ginseng and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • antithrombin alfa

                  antithrombin alfa and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • antithrombin III

                  antithrombin III and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • argatroban

                  argatroban and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • aspirin

                  aspirin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • aspirin rectal

                  aspirin rectal and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                  aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • bemiparin

                  bemiparin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • bivalirudin

                  bivalirudin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • celecoxib

                  celecoxib and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                  choline magnesium trisalicylate and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • cinnamon

                  cinnamon and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • cordyceps

                  cordyceps and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • dabigatran

                  dabigatran and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • dalteparin

                  dalteparin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • diclofenac

                  diclofenac and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • diflunisal

                  diflunisal and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • dong quai

                  dong quai and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • enoxaparin

                  enoxaparin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • epoprostenol

                  epoprostenol and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • etodolac

                  etodolac and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • fenoprofen

                  fenoprofen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • feverfew

                  fennel and feverfew both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • fleroxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of fleroxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • flurbiprofen

                  flurbiprofen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • fondaparinux

                  fondaparinux and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • forskolin

                  fennel and forskolin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • garlic

                  fennel and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • gemifloxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of gemifloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ginger

                  fennel and ginger both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ginkgo biloba

                  fennel and ginkgo biloba both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • heparin

                  heparin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • horse chestnut seed

                  fennel and horse chestnut seed both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ibuprofen

                  ibuprofen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ibuprofen IV

                  ibuprofen IV and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • indomethacin

                  indomethacin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ketoprofen

                  ketoprofen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ketorolac

                  ketorolac and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ketorolac intranasal

                  ketorolac intranasal and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • levofloxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of levofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • lornoxicam

                  lornoxicam and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • meclofenamate

                  meclofenamate and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • mefenamic acid

                  mefenamic acid and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • meloxicam

                  meloxicam and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • mistletoe

                  fennel increases and mistletoe decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • moxifloxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of moxifloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • nabumetone

                  nabumetone and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • naproxen

                  naproxen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • nettle

                  fennel increases and nettle decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • ofloxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of ofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • oxaprozin

                  oxaprozin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • panax ginseng

                  fennel and panax ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • parecoxib

                  parecoxib and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • pau d'arco

                  fennel and pau d'arco both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • phenindione

                  phenindione and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • phytoestrogens

                  fennel and phytoestrogens both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • piroxicam

                  piroxicam and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • protamine

                  protamine and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • reishi

                  fennel and reishi both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • reteplase

                  reteplase and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • salicylates (non-asa)

                  salicylates (non-asa) and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • salsalate

                  salsalate and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • Siberian ginseng

                  fennel and Siberian ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • sulfasalazine

                  sulfasalazine and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • sulindac

                  sulindac and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • tenecteplase

                  tenecteplase and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                • tolfenamic acid

                  tolfenamic acid and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • tolmetin

                  tolmetin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                • vitamin K1 (phytonadione)

                  fennel increases and vitamin K1 (phytonadione) decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                Minor (4)

                • anamu

                  anamu and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                • ciprofloxacin

                  fennel decreases levels of ciprofloxacin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown. Fennel may decrease the amount of ciprofloxacin the body absorbs. Take fennel at least 1 hour after ciprofloxacin administration.

                • danshen

                  danshen and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                • devil's claw

                  devil's claw and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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                Adverse Effects

                Breathing problems, tightness of chest/throat, chest pain, nausea & vomiting, skin hives, rash, itchy or swollen skin, mild increase in menstrual flow, sun sensitivity, seizures

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                Warnings

                Contraindications

                Hypersensitivity to carrots, celery or mugwort

                Concomitant antibiotics

                Cautions

                Pregnant or breastfeeding: seek physician advice

                Pregnancy: do not use fennel preparations other than fennel honey & fennel seed infusions

                Children: use only fennel honey

                Epilepsy or seizure d/o

                Do not use Fennel for a long time or in large quantities

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                Pregnancy & Lactation

                Pregnancy Category: use only fennel honey & fennel seed infusions

                Lactation: may increase milk flow, consult physician

                Pregnancy Categories

                A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

                B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

                C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

                D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

                X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

                NA: Information not available.

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                Pharmacology

                Metabolism: N/A

                Excretion: N/A

                Mechanism of Action

                PO admin (200 mg/kg) of fruit methonolic extract:

                • significantly increase plasma superoxide dismutase & catalase activity and HDL cholesterol levels
                • inhibitory effect against acute & subacute inflammatory diseases & type IV allergic rxn
                • showed central analgesic effect

                Fennel seed oil: reduces intestinal spasms & increases motility of small intestine

                Hepatoprotection: inhibits hepatotoxicity by decreasing levels of AST, ALT, ALP & bilirubin

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                Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.