Suggested Dosing
General Dosing Guidlines
Dried
0.25-2 g PO TID
Tea
1 cup PO BID-TID and 30 min before bedtime; 0.25-2 g/150 ml water
Liquid Extract
0.5-1 ml PO TID; 1:1 in 25% alcohol
Tincture
0.5-2 ml PO TID; 1:8 in 45% alcohol
Anxiety Disorder
Liquid extract: 45 gtt PO daily
Opiate Withdrawal
Liquid extract: 60 gtt PO daily
Suggested Uses
ADHD, cardiac rhythm abnormalities, generalized anxiety disorder, GI upset, hemorrhoids (topical), insomnia, nervousness/excitability, neuralgias, opiate withdrawal symptoms, pain
Efficacy
Possibly effective for nervous restlessness, anxiety, opiate withdrawal when used in combo with clonidine
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results

Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor

Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (0)
Monitor Closely (25)
- amobarbital
passion flower increases effects of amobarbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- azelastine
passion flower increases effects of azelastine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- brompheniramine
passion flower increases effects of brompheniramine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- butabarbital
passion flower increases effects of butabarbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- butalbital
passion flower increases effects of butalbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- carbinoxamine
passion flower increases effects of carbinoxamine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- chloral hydrate
passion flower increases effects of chloral hydrate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- chlorpheniramine
passion flower increases effects of chlorpheniramine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- cinnarizine
passion flower increases effects of cinnarizine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- clemastine
passion flower increases effects of clemastine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- cyclizine
passion flower increases effects of cyclizine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- cyproheptadine
passion flower increases effects of cyproheptadine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- dexchlorpheniramine
passion flower increases effects of dexchlorpheniramine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- dexmedetomidine
passion flower increases effects of dexmedetomidine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- dimenhydrinate
passion flower increases effects of dimenhydrinate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- diphenhydramine
passion flower increases effects of diphenhydramine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- doxylamine
passion flower increases effects of doxylamine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- hydroxyzine
passion flower increases effects of hydroxyzine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- pentobarbital
passion flower increases effects of pentobarbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- phenobarbital
passion flower increases effects of phenobarbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- primidone
passion flower increases effects of primidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- promethazine
passion flower increases effects of promethazine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- secobarbital
passion flower increases effects of secobarbital by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- triclofos
passion flower increases effects of triclofos by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
- triprolidine
passion flower increases effects of triprolidine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. May enhance CNS depression.
Minor (0)
Adverse Effects
Frequency Not Defined
Altered consciousness
Ataxia
Confusion
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Liver toxicity
Nausea/vomiting
Pancreas toxicity
Prolonged QT interval
Vasculitis
Ventricular tachycardia
Warnings
Contraindications
None reported
Cautions
Concurrent sedative agents
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category: unsafe
Lactation: avoid use
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Metabolism: N/A
Excretion: N/A
Mechanism of Action
Apigenin: benzodiazepine receptor agonist
May have some MAOI activity