Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
ophthalmic solution
- 10%
- 15%
- 30%
ointment
- 10%
Conjunctivitis
Solution: 1-3 gtt q2-3hr, taper as condition responds
Ointment 1/2 inch q3-4hr & HS; taper as condition responds
Trachoma
2 gtt q2hr concurrently with systemic therapy
Dosage Forms & Strengths
ophthalmic solution
- 10%
ointment
- 10%
Conjunctivitis
< 2 months
- Safety & efficacy not established
> 2 months
- Solution: 1-3 gtt q2-3hr, taper as condition responds
- Ointment 1/2 inch q3-4hr & HS; taper as condition responds
Adverse Effects
Frequency Not Defined
Hypersensitivity & allergic reactions (rash, etc)
Myopia
Burning conjunctivitis
Conjunctival hyperemia
Corneal ulcers
Irritation
Stinging
Warnings
Contraindications
Sensitivity to sulfa compounds or other components
Cautions
May result in the overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi; bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop
Effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates
Discontinue use of medication and consult a physician at first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
Hypersensitivity reactions may occur when a sulfonamide is readministered, irrespective of the route of administration; sensitivity reactions have been reported in individuals with no prior history of sulfonamide hypersensitivity; at first sign of hypersensitivity, skin rash, or other reactions, discontinue use
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category: C
Lactation: Safety in nursing infants unknown; not recommended
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Interfere with utilization of para-aminobenzoic or para-aminobenzoic glutamic acids by bacteria, thus inhibiting the biosynthesis of folic acid which is essential for the growth of susceptible organisms
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Formulary
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