Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
injectable solution, prefilled pen
- 250mcg/mL (1.2mL vial)
- 250mcg/mL (2.4mL vial)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control
Alternative monotherapy or as adjunct therapy with thiazolidinediones, metformin, or a sulfonylurea; or add-on therapy to insulin glargine (long-acting insulin)
May administer with or without metformin and/or a thiazolidinedione, in patients not achieving adequate glycemic control on insulin glargine alone
Immediate-release (Byetta): 5 mcg SC q12hr within 60 minutes prior to meal initially; after 1 month, may increase to 10 mcg q12hr
Switching from immediate-release to extended-release
- Initiate weekly extended-release SC injections 1 day after discontinuing immediate-release exenatide (Byetta)
- May experience increased blood glucose levels for approximately 2 weeks after initiating extended-release (Bydureon) therapy
- May initiate extended-release exenatide without pretreating with the immediate-release dosage form
Dosage Modifications
Renal impairment
- Mild (CrCl 50-80 mL/min): No dosage adjustment required
- Moderate (CrCl 30-50 mL/min): Caution when initiating or escalating dose
- Severe (CrCl <30 mL/min) or ESRD: Not recommended
- Renal transplantation: Use with caution
Intracranial Hypertension (Orphan)
Orphan designation for idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Sponsor
- Alan Boyd Consultants Ltd; Electra House, Crewe Business Park; Crewe, UK
Safety and efficacy not established
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (0)
Monitor Closely (105)
- acarbose
exenatide injectable solution, acarbose. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- acetaminophen
exenatide injectable solution will decrease the level or effect of acetaminophen by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. To avoid potential interaction, give acetaminophen at least 1 hour before or 4 hours after exenatide injection.
- acetaminophen IV
exenatide injectable solution will decrease the level or effect of acetaminophen IV by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. To avoid potential interaction, give acetaminophen at least 1 hour before or 4 hours after exenatide injection.
- aripiprazole
aripiprazole, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- asenapine
asenapine, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- atazanavir
atazanavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- azilsartan
azilsartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens
bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- benazepril
benazepril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- betamethasone
betamethasone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- candesartan
candesartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- captopril
captopril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- chlorothiazide
chlorothiazide decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- chlorpropamide
exenatide injectable solution, chlorpropamide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- chlorthalidone
chlorthalidone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- cinnamon
cinnamon increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for hypoglycemia.
- clozapine
clozapine, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- conjugated estrogens
conjugated estrogens decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- conjugated estrogens, vaginal
conjugated estrogens, vaginal decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- cortisone
cortisone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- darunavir
darunavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- desogestrel
desogestrel, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- dexamethasone
dexamethasone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- drospirenone
drospirenone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- enalapril
enalapril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- eprosartan
eprosartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- estradiol
estradiol, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- estradiol combos
estradiol combos, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- estrogens conjugated synthetic
estrogens conjugated synthetic decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- estrogens esterified
estrogens esterified decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- estropipate
estropipate decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- ethinylestradiol
ethinylestradiol, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- etonogestrel
etonogestrel decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- fludrocortisone
fludrocortisone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- fosinopril
fosinopril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- glimepiride
exenatide injectable solution, glimepiride. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- glipizide
exenatide injectable solution, glipizide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- glyburide
exenatide injectable solution, glyburide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- hydrochlorothiazide
hydrochlorothiazide decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- hydrocortisone
hydrocortisone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- ifosfamide
ifosfamide, exenatide injectable solution. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor renal function.
- iloperidone
iloperidone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- indapamide
indapamide decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- indinavir
indinavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- insulin aspart
exenatide injectable solution, insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart
exenatide injectable solution, insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin degludec
exenatide injectable solution, insulin degludec. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin degludec/insulin aspart
exenatide injectable solution, insulin degludec/insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin detemir
exenatide injectable solution, insulin detemir. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin glargine
exenatide injectable solution, insulin glargine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin glulisine
exenatide injectable solution, insulin glulisine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin inhaled
exenatide injectable solution, insulin inhaled. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin isophane human/insulin regular human
exenatide injectable solution, insulin isophane human/insulin regular human. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin lispro
exenatide injectable solution, insulin lispro. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro
exenatide injectable solution, insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin NPH
exenatide injectable solution, insulin NPH. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- insulin regular human
exenatide injectable solution, insulin regular human. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Antidiabetic agents are often used in combination; dosage adjustments may be required when initiating or discontinuing antidiabetic agents.
- irbesartan
irbesartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- levonorgestrel oral
levonorgestrel oral, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- lisinopril
lisinopril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- lonapegsomatropin
lonapegsomatropin decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Closely monitor blood glucose when treated with antidiabetic agents. Lonapegsomatropin may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. Patients with diabetes mellitus may require adjustment of their doses of insulin and/or other antihyperglycemic agents.
- lopinavir
lopinavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- losartan
losartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- lurasidone
lurasidone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- medroxyprogesterone
medroxyprogesterone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Montior for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
- mestranol
mestranol, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- metformin
exenatide injectable solution, metformin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- methyclothiazide
methyclothiazide decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- methylprednisolone
methylprednisolone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- metolazone
metolazone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.
- miglitol
exenatide injectable solution, miglitol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- moexipril
moexipril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- nateglinide
exenatide injectable solution, nateglinide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- nelfinavir
nelfinavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- norethindrone acetate
norethindrone acetate, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
- olanzapine
olanzapine, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- olmesartan
olmesartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- paliperidone
paliperidone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- pegvisomant
pegvisomant increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Pegvisomant may increase glucose tolerance. Dosage reductions of antidiabetic agents may be needed to avoid potential hypoglycemia.
- perindopril
perindopril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- pioglitazone
exenatide injectable solution, pioglitazone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- prednisolone
prednisolone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- prednisone
prednisone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- quetiapine
quetiapine, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- quinapril
quinapril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- ramipril
ramipril increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: ACE inhibitors may increase hypoglycemic effect. Monitor glycemic control especially during the first month of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. .
- repaglinide
exenatide injectable solution, repaglinide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- risperidone
risperidone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
- ritonavir
ritonavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- rosiglitazone
exenatide injectable solution, rosiglitazone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- sacubitril/valsartan
sacubitril/valsartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- saquinavir
saquinavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- saxagliptin
exenatide injectable solution, saxagliptin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- sitagliptin
exenatide injectable solution, sitagliptin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concurrent use may increase risk of hypoglycemia; monitor glucose levels.
- somapacitan
somapacitan decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Growth hormone products may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. Antidiabetic agents may require dose adjustment after initiating somapacitan. .
- telmisartan
telmisartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- tesamorelin
tesamorelin will decrease the level or effect of exenatide injectable solution by altering metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor glucose levels
- tipranavir
tipranavir decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .
- tolazamide
exenatide injectable solution, tolazamide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- tolbutamide
exenatide injectable solution, tolbutamide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypoglycemia when exenatide is used in combination with agents that induce hypoglycemia. Consider lowering dose of sulfonylureas to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. .
- triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension
triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .
- valsartan
valsartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.
- warfarin
exenatide injectable solution increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ziprasidone
ziprasidone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Atypical antipsychotics have been associated with hyperglycemia that may alter blood glucose control; monitor glucose levels closely.
Minor (3)
- acetaminophen rectal
exenatide injectable solution decreases levels of acetaminophen rectal by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- digoxin
exenatide injectable solution decreases levels of digoxin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- lovastatin
exenatide injectable solution decreases levels of lovastatin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Injection-site nodule (6-77%)
Injection-site reactions (2-18%)
Nausea (8-11%)
Vomiting (4-11%)
Diarrhea (2-11%)
1-10%
Constipation (6-10%)
Headache (5-9%)
Dyspepsia (3-7%)
Hyperhidrosis (3%)
Jitteriness (<3%)
Dizziness (<2%)
Asthenia
Postmarketing Reports
Alopecia
Anaphylactic reaction
Angioedema
Pancreatitis
Rash
Renal impairment
Upper respiratory infection
Severe hypoglycemia with concomitant use of sulfonylurea or insulin
Dysgeusia
Somnolence
Cholecystitis, cholelithiasis requiring cholecystectomy
Warnings
Black Box Warnings
Risk of thyroid C-cell tumors
- Increased incidence in thyroid C-cell tumors at clinically relevant exposures in rats compared to controls; unknown whether this risk for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) exists in humans, as human relevance could not be determined by clinical or nonclinical studies
- Contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of MTC and in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2)
- Routine serum calcitonin or thyroid ultrasound monitoring is of uncertain value in patients treated with exenatide injectable suspension
- Patients should be counseled regarding the risk and symptoms of thyroid tumors
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
ESRD, severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min)
History of drug-induced immune-mediated thrombocytopenia from drug or related products
Family or current history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Cautions
Never share a pen between patients even if the needle is changed
Not a substitute for insulin
Not a first-line therapy for patients inadequately controlled on diet and exercise alone
Evaluate insulin dose when added on to long-acting insulin (ie, insulin glargine); in patients with increased risk of hypoglycemia, consider decreasing insulin dose
Not recommended for patients experiencing severe gastrointestinal disease, including gastroparesis
Not recommended for type 1 diabetes
Do not take with short- and/or rapid-acting insulins
Animal studies show association of extended-release dosage form with the formation of thyroid tumors (effects in humans unknown)
Always administer before a meal and never after a meal
Weight loss resulting from reduced intake reported
Serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis and angioedema) reported; if a hypersensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue therapy and other suspect medications and promptly seek medical advice; inform and closely monitor patients with a history of anaphylaxis or angioedema with another GLP-1 receptor agonist for allergic reactions; unknown whether such patients will be predisposed to anaphylaxis with drug
Risk of acute pancreatitis reported, including fatal and nonfatal hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis; after initiation and after dose increases, observe patients carefully for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis (including persistent severe abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back, which may or may not be accompanied by vomiting); if pancreatitis suspected, discontinue drug promptly and initiate appropriate management; if pancreatitis confirmed, do not restart therapy; consider antidiabetic therapies other than exenatide in patients with history of pancreatitis
When therapy is used in combination with insulin, evaluate dose of insulin; risk of hypoglycemia may be lowered by a reduction in dose of sulfonylurea (or other concomitantly administered insulin secretagogue) or insulin in patients at increased risk of hypoglycemia; concurrent use with prandial insulin not studied and cannot be recommended; also possible that use with other glucose-independent insulin secretagogues (eg, meglitinides or sulfonylureas) or insulin could increase risk of hypoglycemia
Inform patients using these concomitant medications of the risk of hypoglycemia and educate them on the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
Serious bleeding, which may be fatal, from drug-induced immune-mediated thrombocytopenia reported in postmarketing setting; drug-induced thrombocytopenia is an immune-mediated reaction, with exenatide-dependent anti-platelet antibodies; in presence of exenatide, these antibodies cause platelet destruction; if drug-induced thrombocytopenia suspected, discontinue therapy immediately and do not re-expose patient to exenatide
Antibody formation to exenatide is likely; up to 4% of patients may have worsening glycemic control and require alternative antidiabetic therapy
Acute kidney injury
- Altered renal function with exenatide, including increased serum creatinine, renal impairment, worsened chronic renal failure, and acute renal failure, sometimes requiring hemodialysis or kidney transplantation reported
- Some events reported in patients receiving one or more pharmacologic agents known to affect renal function or hydration status
- Reversibility of altered renal function observed in many cases with supportive treatment and discontinuation of potentially causative agents; drug has not been found to be directly nephrotoxic in preclinical or clinical studies
- Because drug may induce nausea and vomiting with transient hypovolemia, treatment may worsen renal function; exercise caution when initiating or escalating doses from 5 to 10 mcg in patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance 30-50 mL/min)
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
Limited data in pregnant women are not sufficient to determine a drug-associated risk for major birth defects or miscarriage; there are risks to mother and fetus associated with poorly controlled diabetes in pregnancy
Based on animal reproduction studies, there may be risks to fetus from exposure to therapy during pregnancy; drug should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to fetus
Poorly controlled diabetes in pregnancy increases maternal risk for diabetic ketoacidosis, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortions, preterm delivery, and delivery complications; poorly controlled diabetes increases fetal risk for major birth defects, stillbirth, and macrosomia related morbidity
Animal data
- Animal reproduction studies identified increased adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes from exposure to exenatide during pregnancy and lactation in association with maternal effects
- In mice, exenatide administered during gestation and lactation caused increased neonatal deaths at systemic exposure 3 times human exposure resulting from maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 20 mcg/day
Lactation
There is no information regarding presence of drug, in human milk, effects on breastfed infant, or on milk production; drug was present in milk of lactating mice; however, due to species-specific differences in lactation physiology, clinical relevance of data is not clear; developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed child from drug or from underlying maternal condition
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
A glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) that mimics incretin and promotes insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, and slows gastric emptying
Absorption
Peak plasma time: 2.1 hr
Peak plasma concentration: 211 pg/mL
AUC: 1036 pg·hr/mL
Distribution
Vd: 28.3 L
Metabolism
Proteolytic degradation following glomerular filtration
Elimination
Half-life: 2.4 hr (immediate release); 2 weeks (extended release)
Renal clearance: 9.1 L/hr
Excretion: Urine (primarily)
Administration
SC Administration
Administer within 60 minutes before morning and evening meals, approximately 6 hr or more apart
Administer SC only; do not administer IM or IV
Injection sites are thigh, abdomen, or upper arm
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Byetta subcutaneous - | 10 mcg/dose(250 mcg/mL) 2.4 mL injection |  | |
| Byetta subcutaneous - | 5 mcg/dose (250 mcg/mL) 1.2 mL injection |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
exenatide subcutaneous
EXENATIDE - INJECTION
(ex-EN-a-tide)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Byetta
WARNING: This medication can cause a certain type of thyroid tumor (thyroid C-cell tumors) in rats. It is unknown if this medication can cause similar tumors in humans. Talk with your doctor about the benefits and risks of treatment with this medication. Do not use this medication if you have a personal/family history of a certain type of cancer (medullary thyroid carcinoma) or a certain inherited disease (multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 or MEN 2). While using this medication, tell your doctor right away if you notice any signs of thyroid tumors, including an unusual growth or lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, unusual/lasting hoarseness.
USES: Exenatide is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar. It is used by people with type 2 diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke.Exenatide is a diabetes drug that is similar to a natural hormone in your body (incretin). It works by increasing insulin release (especially after a meal) and decreasing the amount of sugar your liver makes. It also slows down food digestion in your stomach, decreases the amount of sugar absorbed from food, and may help decrease your appetite.
HOW TO USE: Read the Medication Guide and Instructions for Use provided by your pharmacist before you start using exenatide and each time you get a refill. Learn all preparation and usage instructions. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Before using, check this product visually for particles or discoloration. If either is present, do not use the liquid. Before injecting each dose, clean the injection site with rubbing alcohol. Change the injection site each time to lessen injury under the skin.Inject this medication under the skin in the thigh, abdomen, or upper arm as directed by your doctor, usually twice a day. Injection should be done within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meals (or before the two main meals of the day, at least 6 hours apart). Exenatide should not be used after a meal since it will not work as well.If you are also using insulin, give exenatide and insulin as separate injections. Do not mix them. You may inject these medications in the same area of the body, but the injection sites should not be next to each other.Since exenatide slows down digestion of food/drugs in your stomach, certain medications (such as birth control pills, antibiotics taken by mouth) may not work as well if you take them at the same time. Take birth control pills or antibiotics at least 1 hour before using exenatide. If you must take these medications with food, take them with a meal or snack when you do not also take exenatide. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions about when to take your medications.The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, use it at the same times each day. Carefully follow your diabetes management plan, including medications, diet, and exercise.Check your blood sugar regularly as directed by your doctor. Keep track of the results, and share them with your doctor. Tell your doctor if your blood sugar measurements are often too high or too low. Your doctor may need to adjust your diabetes medication, exercise program, or diet.Do not share your pen device with another person, even if the needle is changed. You may give other people a serious infection, or get a serious infection from them. Learn how to store and discard medical supplies safely.
SIDE EFFECTS: See also Warning section.Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, nervousness, or upset stomach may occur as your body adjusts to the medication. Nausea usually lessens as you continue to use exenatide. Other side effects include decreased appetite or weight loss. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Although exenatide by itself usually does not cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), low blood sugar may occur if this drug is prescribed with other diabetes medications. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether the dose(s) of your other diabetes medication(s) needs to be lowered. Drinking large quantities of alcohol, not getting enough calories from food, or doing unusually heavy exercise may also lead to low blood sugar. Symptoms may include sudden sweating, shaking, fast heartbeat, hunger, blurred vision, dizziness, headache, or tingling hands/feet. It is a good habit to carry glucose tablets or gel to treat low blood sugar. If you don't have these reliable forms of glucose, rapidly raise your blood sugar by eating a quick source of sugar such as table sugar, honey, candy, or drinking a glass of fruit juice or non-diet soda. Check with your doctor or pharmacist to find out what you should do if you miss a meal.Symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) include thirst, increased urination, confusion, drowsiness, flushing, rapid breathing, and fruity breath odor. If these symptoms occur, tell your doctor right away. Your doctor may need to adjust your diabetes medication(s).Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), easy bruising/bleeding.Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: signs of pancreas or gallbladder disease (such as nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, severe stomach/abdominal pain).A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: See also Warning section.Before using exenatide, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: stomach/intestinal disorders (such as gastroparesis, digestion problems), kidney disease, disease of the pancreas (pancreatitis), gallbladder disease, a certain blood disorder from exenatide (drug-induced thrombocytopenia).You may experience blurred vision, headache, dizziness, or drowsiness due to extremely low or high blood sugar. Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can perform such activities safely.Limit alcohol while taking this medication because it can increase your risk of developing low blood sugar.It may be harder to control your blood sugar when your body is stressed (such as due to fever, infection, injury, or surgery). Consult your doctor because this may require a change in your treatment plan, medications, or blood sugar testing.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Pregnancy may cause or worsen diabetes. Discuss a plan with your doctor for managing your blood sugar while pregnant. Your doctor may change your diabetes treatment during your pregnancy (such as diet and medications including insulin).It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk, but it is unlikely to harm a nursing infant. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also How to Use section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Beta-blocker medications (such as metoprolol, propranolol, glaucoma eye drops such as timolol) may prevent the fast/pounding heartbeat you would usually feel when your blood sugar falls too low (hypoglycemia). Other symptoms of low blood sugar, such as dizziness, hunger, or sweating, are unaffected by these drugs.Many drugs can affect your blood sugar, making it harder to control. Before you start, stop, or change any medication, talk with your doctor or pharmacist about how the medication may affect your blood sugar. Check your blood sugar regularly as directed and share the results with your doctor. Tell your doctor right away if you have symptoms of high or low blood sugar. (See also Side Effects section.) Your doctor may need to adjust your diabetes medication, exercise program, or diet.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Attend a diabetes education program to learn more about diabetes and the important parts of its treatment, including medications, diet, exercise, and having regular eye/foot/medical exams.Learn the symptoms of high and low blood sugar and how to treat low blood sugar. Check your blood sugar regularly as directed.Lab and/or medical tests (such as kidney function, blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c) should be done before you start using this medication and while you are using it. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Use your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store the new, unused pen injector in the refrigerator between 36-46 degrees F (2-8 degrees C). Do not freeze. After first use, store at room temperature at or below 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Protect from light. Discard 30 days after first use, even if some drug remains in the pen. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised December 2022. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.
Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
