losartan (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Cozaar

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tablet

  • 25mg
  • 50mg
  • 100mg

Hypertension

50 mg PO qDay initially; may increase to up to 100 mg/day

Patients with possible intravascular depletion or receiving diuretics (eg, on diuretic therapy): 25 mg PO qDay initially

Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Indicated to reduce risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, but there is evidence that this benefit does not apply to Black patients

50 mg PO qDay initially; may increase to up to 100 mg/day

Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg PO qDay may be added in combination; may increase to up to 25 mg/day

Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes

Indicated for diabetic nephropathy with an elevated serum creatinine and proteinuria (urinary albumin to creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g) in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of hypertension

50 mg PO qDay initially; may increase to up to 100 mg/day

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment

  • Mild, moderate, or severe: No dosage adjustment necessary, except if the patient is volume depleted

Hepatic impairment

  • Mild-to-moderate: 25 mg PO qDay initially
  • Severe: Not studied

Marfan Syndrome (Orphan)

Orphan designation for treatment of Marfan syndrome

Orphan sponsor

  • National Marfan Foundation, 22 Manhasset Ave, Port Washington, NY 11050

Epidermolysis Bullosa (Orphan)

Orphan designation for treatment of epidermolysis bullosa

Orphan sponsor

  • 3R Pharma Consulting GmbH; 3 Wildbader Strabe; Dobel, Germany

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tablet

  • 25mg
  • 50mg
  • 100mg

Hypertension

<6 years: Safety and efficacy not established

≥6 years

  • 0.7 mg/kg PO qDay (up to 50 mg total); adjust dosage according to blood pressure response  
  • Doses >1.4 mg/kg (or in excess of 100 mg) daily have not been studied

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment

  • CrCl <30 mL/min/1.73m2: Not recommended
Next:

Interactions

Interaction Checker

and losartan

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            Contraindicated (2)

            • aliskiren

              losartan decreases effects of aliskiren by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: Aliskiren use contraindicated with ARBs in patients with diabetes; avoid coadministration with ARBs if GFR. In patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or with compromised renal function, coadministration of ARBS with drugs that affect RAAS may increase the risk of renal impairment (including acute renal failure) and cause loss of antihypertensive effect. Monitor renal function periodically.

            • sparsentan

              sparsentan, losartan. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Coadministration of ARBs with sparsentan is associated with increased risks of hypotension, syncope, hyperkalemia, and changes in renal function (eg, acute renal failure).

            Serious - Use Alternative (28)

            • apalutamide

              apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.

            • benazepril

              losartan, benazepril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • captopril

              losartan, captopril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • carbamazepine

              carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • enalapril

              losartan, enalapril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • enzalutamide

              enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • erdafitinib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of erdafitinib by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of a strong CYP2C9 inhibitors is unavoidable, closely monitor adverse reactions and modify dose of erdafitinib accordingly. If strong CYP2C9 inhibitor is discontinued, consider increasing erdafitinib dose in the absence of any drug-related toxicities.

            • etrasimod

              losartan will increase the level or effect of etrasimod by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased exposure of etrasimod expected in patients who are CYP2C9 poor metabolizers if coadministered with moderate to strong CYP2C8 inhibitors.

            • fedratinib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of fedratinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fedratinib (a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate) with dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor. Effect of coadministration of a dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor with fedratinib has not been studied.

            • fexinidazole

              fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.

            • fosinopril

              losartan, fosinopril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • idelalisib

              idelalisib will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates

            • ivosidenib

              ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternative therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.

              ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP2C9 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.

            • lisinopril

              losartan, lisinopril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • lithium

              losartan increases toxicity of lithium by decreasing renal clearance. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • lofexidine

              lofexidine, losartan. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with other drugs that decrease pulse or blood pressure to mitigate risk of excessive bradycardia and hypotension.

            • lonafarnib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.

            • moexipril

              losartan, moexipril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • perindopril

              losartan, perindopril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • phenytoin

              phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • potassium phosphates, IV

              losartan and potassium phosphates, IV both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • primidone

              primidone will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • quinapril

              losartan, quinapril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • ramipril

              losartan, ramipril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • siponimod

              losartan will increase the level or effect of siponimod by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of siponimod with drugs that cause moderate CYP2C9 AND a moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibition is not recommended. Caution if siponimod coadministered with moderate CYP2C9 inhibitors alone.

            • trandolapril

              losartan, trandolapril. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system increases risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

            • tucatinib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of tucatinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of tucatinib (a CYP2C8 substrate) with a strong or moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increases tucatinib plasma concentrations and risk of toxicities.

              tucatinib will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.

            • voxelotor

              voxelotor will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Voxelotor increases systemic exposure of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic index. Consider dose reduction of the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate(s) if unable to avoid.

            Monitor Closely (195)

            • acebutolol

              losartan and acebutolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              acebutolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • aceclofenac

              losartan and aceclofenac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • acemetacin

              losartan and acemetacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • albiglutide

              losartan increases effects of albiglutide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.

            • aldesleukin

              aldesleukin increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

            • alpelisib

              alpelisib will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • amifostine

              amifostine, losartan. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with blood pressure lowering agents may increase the risk and severity of hypotension associated with amifostine. When amifostine is used at chemotherapeutic doses, withhold blood pressure lowering medications for 24 hr prior to amifostine; if blood pressure lowering medication cannot be withheld, do not administer amifostine.

            • amiloride

              losartan and amiloride both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • amiodarone

              amiodarone will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              amiodarone decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • apalutamide

              apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of apalutamide, a weak CYP2C9 inducer, with drugs that are CYP2C9 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered.

              apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of losartan by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. Apalutamide induces UGT and may decrease systemic exposure of drugs that are UGT substrates.

            • aspirin

              losartan and aspirin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              aspirin decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, aspirin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • aspirin rectal

              losartan and aspirin rectal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

              aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan and aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              losartan, aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • atazanavir

              atazanavir will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atenolol

              losartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              atenolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • atogepant

              losartan will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • avanafil

              avanafil increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

            • avapritinib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • axitinib

              losartan increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bendroflumethiazide

              losartan increases and bendroflumethiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • betaxolol

              losartan and betaxolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              betaxolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • bisoprolol

              losartan and bisoprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              bisoprolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • bosentan

              bosentan will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              bosentan will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bretylium

              losartan, bretylium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Each drug may cause hypotension.

            • brimonidine

              brimonidine increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bumetanide

              losartan increases and bumetanide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • canagliflozin

              losartan and canagliflozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cannabidiol

              cannabidiol will increase the level or effect of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cannabidiol may potentially inhibit CYP2C9 activity. Consider reducing the dose when concomitantly using CYP2C9 substrates.

            • carbamazepine

              carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carbenoxolone

              losartan increases and carbenoxolone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carvedilol

              losartan and carvedilol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              carvedilol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • celecoxib

              losartan and celecoxib both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              celecoxib decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, celecoxib. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • celiprolol

              losartan and celiprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              celiprolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • cenobamate

              cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase dose of CYP3A4 substrate, as needed, when coadministered with cenobamate.

            • chlorothiazide

              losartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • chlorthalidone

              losartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cholic acid

              losartan increases toxicity of cholic acid by decreasing elimination. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid concomitant use of inhibitors of the bile salt efflux pump (BSEP). May exacerbate accumulation of conjugated bile salts in the liver and result in clinical symptoms. If concomitant use is necessary, monitor serum transaminases and bilirubin.

            • choline magnesium trisalicylate

              losartan and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              choline magnesium trisalicylate decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, choline magnesium trisalicylate. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • cobicistat

              cobicistat will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • conivaptan

              conivaptan will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • crofelemer

              crofelemer increases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Crofelemer has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4 at concentrations expected in the gut; unlikely to inhibit systemically because minimally absorbed.

            • cyclopenthiazide

              losartan increases and cyclopenthiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dabrafenib

              dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • dalteparin

              dalteparin increases toxicity of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Low molecular weight heparins may suppress adrenal aldosterone secretion, which can potentially cause hyperkalemia.

            • daprodustat

              losartan will increase the level or effect of daprodustat by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increase daprodustat exposure. If coadministered with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors, reduce daprodustat starting dose by half (except if starting dose is already 1 mg). Monitor hemoglobin and adjust daprodustat dose when initiating or stopping therapy with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors during treatment

            • darunavir

              darunavir will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diclofenac

              losartan and diclofenac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              diclofenac decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, diclofenac. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • diflunisal

              losartan and diflunisal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              diflunisal decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, diflunisal. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • digoxin

              losartan and digoxin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dopexamine

              losartan increases and dopexamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • drospirenone

              losartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • elagolix

              elagolix decreases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.

            • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

              elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.

              elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF decreases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Elvitegravir is a moderate CYP2C9 inducer.

            • encorafenib

              encorafenib, losartan. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Encorafenib both inhibits and induces CYP3A4 at clinically relevant plasma concentrations. Coadministration of encorafenib with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates may result in increased toxicity or decreased efficacy of these agents.

            • enoxaparin

              enoxaparin increases toxicity of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Low molecular weight heparins may suppress adrenal aldosterone secretion, which can potentially cause hyperkalemia.

            • eplerenone

              losartan, eplerenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

            • esmolol

              losartan and esmolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              esmolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • ethacrynic acid

              losartan increases and ethacrynic acid decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • etodolac

              losartan and etodolac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              etodolac decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, etodolac. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • etravirine

              etravirine will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              etravirine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • exenatide injectable solution

              losartan increases effects of exenatide injectable solution by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.

            • exenatide injectable suspension

              losartan increases effects of exenatide injectable suspension by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.

            • felbamate

              felbamate will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • fenbufen

              losartan and fenbufen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fenoprofen

              losartan and fenoprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              fenoprofen decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, fenoprofen. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • finerenone

              losartan will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.

            • flibanserin

              losartan will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • fluoxetine

              fluoxetine will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • flurbiprofen

              losartan and flurbiprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              flurbiprofen decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, flurbiprofen. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • fosphenytoin

              fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • furosemide

              losartan increases and furosemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • gentamicin

              losartan increases and gentamicin decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • heparin

              heparin increases toxicity of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Low molecular weight heparins may suppress adrenal aldosterone secretion, which can potentially cause hyperkalemia.

            • hydrochlorothiazide

              losartan increases and hydrochlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ibuprofen

              losartan and ibuprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ibuprofen decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, ibuprofen. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • ibuprofen IV

              ibuprofen IV decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan and ibuprofen IV both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              losartan, ibuprofen IV. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • iloperidone

              iloperidone increases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.

            • imatinib

              imatinib will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • indapamide

              losartan increases and indapamide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • indomethacin

              losartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              indomethacin decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • insulin aspart

              losartan increases effects of insulin aspart by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart

              losartan increases effects of insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin degludec

              losartan, insulin degludec. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

              losartan increases effects of insulin degludec by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin degludec/insulin aspart

              losartan, insulin degludec/insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

            • insulin detemir

              losartan increases effects of insulin detemir by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin glargine

              losartan increases effects of insulin glargine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin glulisine

              losartan increases effects of insulin glulisine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin inhaled

              losartan, insulin inhaled. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

              losartan increases effects of insulin inhaled by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin isophane human/insulin regular human

              losartan increases effects of insulin isophane human/insulin regular human by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin lispro

              losartan increases effects of insulin lispro by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro

              losartan increases effects of insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin NPH

              losartan increases effects of insulin NPH by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • insulin regular human

              losartan increases effects of insulin regular human by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and ARBs may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.

            • isavuconazonium sulfate

              losartan will increase the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • istradefylline

              istradefylline will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.

            • itraconazole

              itraconazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • ketoprofen

              losartan and ketoprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ketoprofen decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, ketoprofen. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • ketorolac

              losartan and ketorolac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ketorolac decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, ketorolac. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • ketorolac intranasal

              losartan and ketorolac intranasal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ketorolac intranasal decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, ketorolac intranasal. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • labetalol

              losartan and labetalol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              labetalol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • leflunomide

              leflunomide will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              leflunomide decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • lemborexant

              losartan will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.

            • lenacapavir

              lenacapavir will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lencapavir may increase CYP3A4 substrates initiated within 9 months after last SC dose of lenacapavir, which may increase potential risk of adverse reactions of CYP3A4 substrates.

            • levodopa

              levodopa increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider decreasing dosage of antihypertensive agent.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • liraglutide

              losartan increases effects of liraglutide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists may enhance hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetic agents by improving insulin sensitivity. Monitor patients for changes in glycemic control.

            • lomitapide

              losartan increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.

            • lorlatinib

              lorlatinib will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lornoxicam

              losartan and lornoxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lumacaftor/ivacaftor

              lumacaftor/ivacaftor, losartan. affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. In vitro studies suggest that lumacaftor may induce and ivacaftor may inhibit CYP2C9 substrates. .

            • lurasidone

              lurasidone increases effects of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Potential for increased risk of hypotension with concurrent use. Monitor blood pressure and adjust dose of antihypertensive agent as needed.

            • maitake

              maitake increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • maraviroc

              maraviroc, losartan. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of orthostatic hypotension.

            • mavacamten

              losartan will increase the level or effect of mavacamten by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Inititiation of weak CYP2C19 inhibitors may require decreased mavacamten dose.

            • meclofenamate

              meclofenamate decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan and meclofenamate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              losartan, meclofenamate. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • mefenamic acid

              losartan and mefenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              mefenamic acid decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, mefenamic acid. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • meloxicam

              losartan and meloxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              meloxicam decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, meloxicam. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • methyclothiazide

              losartan increases and methyclothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

            • methylphenidate

              methylphenidate will decrease the level or effect of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Methylphenidate may diminish antihypertensive effects. Monitor BP.

            • methylphenidate transdermal

              methylphenidate transdermal decreases effects of losartan by anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • metolazone

              losartan increases and metolazone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • metoprolol

              losartan and metoprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              metoprolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • metronidazole

              metronidazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • miconazole vaginal

              miconazole vaginal will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              miconazole vaginal decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • midazolam intranasal

              losartan will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.

            • mifepristone

              mifepristone will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • mipomersen

              mipomersen, losartan. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Both drugs have potential to increase hepatic enzymes; monitor LFTs.

            • mitotane

              mitotane decreases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.

            • nabumetone

              losartan and nabumetone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nabumetone decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, nabumetone. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • nadolol

              losartan and nadolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nadolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • nafcillin

              nafcillin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • naproxen

              losartan and naproxen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              naproxen decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, naproxen. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • nateglinide

              nateglinide will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • nebivolol

              losartan and nebivolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nebivolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • nefazodone

              nefazodone will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nevirapine

              nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nitisinone

              nitisinone will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Nitisinone inhibits CYP2C9. Caution if CYP2C9 substrate coadministered, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic index.

            • nitroglycerin rectal

              nitroglycerin rectal, losartan. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Observe for possible additive hypotensive effects during concomitant use. .

            • ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

              ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC) will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Decrease dose of angiotensin receptor blockers and monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypotension and/or worsening renal function; if such events occur, consider further dose reduction of angiotensin receptor blocker or switching to alternative to angiotensin receptor blocker

            • omeprazole

              omeprazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • oxaprozin

              losartan and oxaprozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              oxaprozin decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, oxaprozin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • paclitaxel

              losartan will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • paclitaxel protein bound

              losartan will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel protein bound by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • parecoxib

              losartan and parecoxib both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • peginterferon alfa 2b

              peginterferon alfa 2b decreases levels of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. When patients are administered peginterferon alpha-2b with CYP2C9 substrates, the therapeutic effect of these drugs may be altered. .

            • penbutolol

              losartan and penbutolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              penbutolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • phenobarbital

              phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pindolol

              losartan and pindolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              pindolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • piroxicam

              losartan and piroxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              piroxicam decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, piroxicam. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • potassium acid phosphate

              losartan and potassium acid phosphate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • potassium chloride

              losartan and potassium chloride both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • potassium citrate

              losartan and potassium citrate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • potassium citrate/citric acid

              losartan and potassium citrate/citric acid both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • potassium iodide

              potassium iodide and losartan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Potassium salts may increase the hyperkalemic effects of ARBs; the effect may be the result of aldosterone suppression in patients receiving ARBs.

            • propranolol

              losartan and propranolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              propranolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • rifabutin

              rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rifampin

              rifampin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              rifampin will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rifapentine

              rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ritonavir

              ritonavir will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sacubitril/valsartan

              losartan and sacubitril/valsartan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • salicylates (non-asa)

              losartan and salicylates (non-asa) both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • salsalate

              losartan and salsalate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              salsalate decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, salsalate. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • selexipag

              losartan will increase the level or effect of selexipag by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Reduce selexipag dose to once daily if coadministered with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors.

            • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride

              sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

            • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

              sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of losartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

            • sotalol

              losartan and sotalol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              sotalol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • sparsentan

              sparsentan will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Sparsentan (a CYP2C9 inducer) decreases exposure of CYP2C9 substrates and reduces efficacy related to these substrates.

            • spironolactone

              losartan and spironolactone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • stiripentol

              stiripentol, losartan. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.

            • sulfamethoxazole

              sulfamethoxazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • sulfasalazine

              losartan and sulfasalazine both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              sulfasalazine decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, sulfasalazine. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • sulindac

              losartan and sulindac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              sulindac decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, sulindac. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • synthetic human angiotensin II

              losartan decreases effects of synthetic human angiotensin II by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tadalafil

              tadalafil increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

            • tazemetostat

              tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              losartan will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tecovirimat

              tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.

            • terbutaline

              losartan increases and terbutaline decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • timolol

              losartan and timolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              timolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

            • tinidazole

              losartan will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tizanidine

              tizanidine increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

            • tolfenamic acid

              losartan and tolfenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tolmetin

              losartan and tolmetin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tolmetin decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              losartan, tolmetin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

            • tolvaptan

              losartan and tolvaptan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • torsemide

              losartan increases and torsemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • treprostinil

              treprostinil increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • triamterene

              losartan and triamterene both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • trimethoprim

              trimethoprim and losartan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Trimethoprim decreases urinary potassium excretion. May cause hyperkalemia, particularly with high doses, renal insufficiency, or when combined with other drugs that cause hyperkalemia.

            • voclosporin

              voclosporin and losartan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              voclosporin, losartan. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with drugs associated with nephrotoxicity may increase the risk for acute and/or chronic nephrotoxicity.

            • voriconazole

              voriconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              voriconazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              voriconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • warfarin

              losartan will increase the level or effect of warfarin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • xipamide

              xipamide increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • zafirlukast

              zafirlukast will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

              zafirlukast decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            Minor (35)

            • acetazolamide

              acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • agrimony

              agrimony increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • amobarbital

              amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • anastrozole

              anastrozole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • butabarbital

              butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • butalbital

              butalbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • cimetidine

              cimetidine will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • cornsilk

              cornsilk increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • cyclophosphamide

              cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • entecavir

              losartan, entecavir. Either increases effects of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase serum concentrations of either entecavir or the coadministered drug.

            • felbamate

              felbamate decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • fluoxetine

              fluoxetine decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • grapefruit

              grapefruit will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Losartan metabolized to active metabolite by CYP3A4 and CYP2C9

            • imatinib

              imatinib decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • larotrectinib

              larotrectinib will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              levoketoconazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • nateglinide

              nateglinide decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

            • nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

              nirmatrelvir/ritonavir will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Losartan is converted to its active metabolite mainly by CYP2C9 in the range of clinical concentrations. In vitro and in vivo data indicate that ritonavir is a weak inducer of CYP2C9. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir could potentially increase the conversion to the more pharmacologically active metabolite.

            • noni juice

              losartan and noni juice both increase serum potassium. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • octacosanol

              octacosanol increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • patiromer

              patiromer, losartan. cation binding in GI tract. Minor/Significance Unknown. No observed clinically important interaction. No separation of dosing required.

            • pentobarbital

              pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • phenobarbital

              phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • primidone

              primidone will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • reishi

              reishi increases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ribociclib

              ribociclib will increase the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • rifabutin

              rifabutin decreases levels of losartan by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ruxolitinib

              losartan will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ruxolitinib topical

              losartan will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • secobarbital

              secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of losartan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • shepherd's purse

              shepherd's purse, losartan. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

            • sulfamethoxazole

              sulfamethoxazole decreases effects of losartan by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May inhibit the conversion of losartan to its active metabolite E-3174. Importance of interaction not established; monitor individual therapeutic response to determine losartan dosage.

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            Adverse Effects

            >10%

            Cough (17-29%); placebo (35%)

            1-10%

            Upper respiratory tract infection (8%)

            Dizziness (3%)

            Nasal congestion (2%)

            Back pain (2%)

            Frequency Not Defined

            Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Anemia

            Psychiatric disorders: Depression

            Nervous system disorders: Somnolence, headache, sleep disorders, paresthesia, migraine

            Ear and labyrinth disorders: Vertigo, tinnitus

            Cardiac disorders: Palpitations, syncope, atrial fibrillation, CVA

            Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Dyspnea

            Gastrointestinal disorders: Abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, vomiting

            Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Urticaria, pruritus, rash, photosensitivity

            Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Myalgia, arthralgia

            Reproductive system and breast disorders: Impotence

            General disorders and administration site conditions: Edema

            Postmarketing Reports

            Digestive: Hepatitis

            General disorders and administration site conditions: Malaise

            Hematologic: Thrombocytopenia

            Hypersensitivity: Angioedema, vasculitis, anaphylactic reactions

            Metabolic and nutrition: Hyponatremia

            Musculoskeletal: Rhabdomyolysis

            Nervous system disorders: Dysgeusia

            Skin: Erythroderma

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            Warnings

            Black Box Warnings

            Discontinue as soon as possible when pregnancy is detected; drug affects renin-angiotensin system, causing oligohydramnios, which may result in fetal injury or death (see Pregnancy & Lactation)

            Contraindications

            Hypersensitivity

            Coadministration with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus

            Cautions

            Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death

            In volume- or salt-depleted patients (eg, those being treated with high doses of diuretics), symptomatic hypotension may occur after initiation of treatment; correct volume or salt depletion before administration

            Monitor serum potassium periodically and treat appropriately; dosage reduction or discontinuation of treatment may be required

            Renal function deterioration

            • Patients whose renal function may depend in part on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (eg, patients with renal artery stenosis, chronic kidney disease, severe congestive heart failure, or volume depletion) may be at risk of developing acute renal failure
            • Monitor renal function periodically in these patients; consider withholding or discontinuing therapy in patients who develop a clinically significant decrease in renal function

            Drug interaction overview

            • Coadministration with other drugs that raise serum potassium levels may result in hyperkalemia
            • Increases in serum lithium concentrations and toxicities have been reported during coadministration of lithium with angiotensin II receptor antagonists; monitor serum lithium levels during concomitant use
            • Coadministration of NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors, with angiotensin II receptor antagonists (including losartan) in patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or with compromised renal function may result in deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure; these effects are usually reversible
            • Do not coadminister aliskiren with losartan in patients with diabetes; avoid use of aliskiren with losartan in patients with renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min)
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            Pregnancy & Lactation

            Pregnancy

            Can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman; use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death

            Hypertension in pregnancy increases maternal risk for pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature delivery, and delivery complications (eg, need for cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage); hypertension increases the fetal risk for intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine death; pregnant women with hypertension should be carefully monitored and managed accordingly

            Oligohydramnios in pregnant women who use drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in second and third trimesters of pregnancy can result in reduced fetal renal function leading to anuria and renal failure, fetal lung hypoplasia, skeletal deformations, including skull hypoplasia, hypotension, and death

            In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin- angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus

            In patients taking the drug during pregnancy, perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra- amniotic environment; fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of gestation

            If oligohydramnios is observed, discontinue therapy, unless it is considered lifesaving for the mother; patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury

            Closely observe neonates with histories of in utero exposure to the drug for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia; in neonates with a history of in utero exposure to therapy, if oliguria or hypotension occurs, support blood pressure and renal perfusion; exchange transfusions or dialysis may be required as a means of reversing hypotension and replacing renal function

            Animal data

            • May produce adverse effects in rat fetuses and neonates, including decreased body weight, delayed physical and behavioral development, mortality and renal toxicity
            • With the exception of neonatal weight gain (which was affected at doses as low as 10 mg/kg/day), doses associated with these effects exceeded 25 mg/kg/day (~3x the maximum recommended human dose of 100 mg on a mg/m2 basis)
            • Significant levels of losartan and its active metabolite were present in rat fetal plasma during late gestation and in rat milk

            Lactation

            Unknown whether drug is excreted in human milk, but significant levels of losartan and its active metabolite were shown to be present in rat milk; because of potential for adverse effects on the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother

            Pregnancy Categories

            A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

            B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

            C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

            D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

            X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

            NA: Information not available.

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            Pharmacology

            Mechanism of Action

            Blocks binding of angiotensin II to type 1 angiotensin II receptors; blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II

            Absorption

            Bioavailability: 25%

            Onset: 6 hr

            Duration: 24 hr

            Peak plasma time: 1-1.5 hr

            Distribution

            Protein bound: Losartan, 98.7%; E-3174, 99.8%

            Vd: Losartan, 34 L; E-3174, 12 L

            Metabolism

            Metabolized by hepatic P450 enzyme CYP2C9

            Metabolites: 5-Carboxylic acid (E-3174) (active metabolite; 40 times as potent as losartan in angiotensin II-blocking activity)

            Elimination

            Half-life: Losartan, 1.5-2 hr; E-3174, 6-9 hr; increased in end-stage renal failure or CHF

            Dialyzable: HD, no; PD, no

            Renal clearance: Losartan, 43-75 mL/min; E-3174, 18-25 mL/min

            Total plasma clearance: Losartan, 600 mL/min; E-3174, 50 mL/min

            Excretion: Urine (4%)

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            Administration

            Extemporaneous Oral Suspension Preparation

            Place ten 50-mg tablets into an 8 ounce (240 mL) amber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle

            Add 10 mL of purified water to the amber bottle

            Immediately shake for at least 2 minutes

            Allow concentrate to stand for 1 hr and then shake for 1 min to disperse drug contents

            Separately, prepare a 50/50 Oral-Plus/Ora-Sweet mixture

            Add 190 mL of the 50/50 Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet mixture to amber bottle with the tablet and water slurry; shake for 1 min to disperse content

            Oral Administration

            May take with or without food

            Suspension: Shake prior to each use and return promptly to the refrigerator

            Storage

            Suspension: Refrigerate at 2-8ºC (36-46ºF) for up to 4 weeks

            Tablets: Store at 25ºC (77ºF); excursions permitted to 15-30ºC (59-86ºF)

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            Images

            BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
            Cozaar oral
            -
            100 mg tablet
            Cozaar oral
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            50 mg tablet
            Cozaar oral
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            25 mg tablet
            Cozaar oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            25 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            25 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            25 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            losartan oral
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            25 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            25 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            100 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
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            50 mg tablet
            losartan oral
            -
            50 mg tablet

            Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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            Patient Handout

            Patient Education
            losartan oral

            LOSARTAN - ORAL

            (low-SAR-tan)

            COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Cozaar

            WARNING: This drug can cause serious (possibly fatal) harm to an unborn baby if used during pregnancy. It is important to prevent pregnancy while taking this medication. Consult your doctor for more details and to discuss the use of reliable forms of birth control while taking this medication. If you are planning pregnancy, become pregnant, or think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor right away.

            USES: Losartan is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to help protect the kidneys from damage due to diabetes. It is also used to lower the risk of strokes in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Losartan belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). It works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily.

            HOW TO USE: Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking losartan and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once daily. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.If you are using the liquid form of this medication, shake the bottle well before each dose. Carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day. Keep taking this medication even if you feel well. Most people with high blood pressure do not feel sick.Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens (for example, your blood pressure readings increase).

            SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness or lightheadedness may occur as your body adjusts to the medication. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.To reduce the risk of dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: fainting, symptoms of a high potassium blood level (such as muscle weakness, slow/irregular heartbeat).Although losartan may be used to prevent kidney problems or treat people who have kidney problems, it may also rarely cause serious kidney problems or make them worse. Your doctor will check your kidney function while you are taking losartan. Tell your doctor right away if you have any signs of kidney problems such as a change in the amount of urine.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

            PRECAUTIONS: Before taking losartan, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: liver disease, dehydration, high level of potassium in the blood.This drug may make you dizzy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).This medication may increase your potassium levels. Before using potassium supplements or salt substitutes that contain potassium, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using losartan. Losartan may harm an unborn baby. If you become pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication. (See also Warning section.)It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

            DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also Precautions section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug include: aliskiren, lithium, drugs that may increase the level of potassium in the blood (such as sparsentan, ACE inhibitors including benazepril/lisinopril, birth control pills containing drospirenone).Some products have ingredients that could raise your blood pressure or worsen your heart failure. Tell your pharmacist what products you are using, and ask how to use them safely (especially cough-and-cold products, diet aids, or NSAIDs such as ibuprofen/naproxen).

            OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: severe dizziness, fainting.

            NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lifestyle changes such as stress reduction programs, exercise, and dietary changes may increase the effectiveness of this medicine. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about lifestyle changes that might benefit you.Lab and/or medical tests (such as kidney function, potassium levels) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.Check your blood pressure regularly while taking this medication. Learn how to monitor your own blood pressure, and share the results with your doctor.

            MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

            STORAGE: Store tablets at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Store the suspension in the refrigerator. Do not freeze. Discard any unused suspension after 4 weeks.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

            Information last revised May 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

            IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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            Formulary

            FormularyPatient Discounts

            Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

            To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

            Adding plans allows you to:

            • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
            • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
            • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
            • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

            The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

            Tier Description
            1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
            2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
            3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
            4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
            Code Definition
            PA Prior Authorization
            Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
            QL Quantity Limits
            Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
            ST Step Therapy
            Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
            OR Other Restrictions
            Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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            Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.