dextrose (Antidote) (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

IV solution

  • D50W

Acute Alcohol Intoxication

25-50 g (50-100 mL of D50W solution); administer with thiamine (50-100 mg IV) to prevent Wernicke's encephalitis

Sulfonylurea Overdose

10-25 g (40-100 mL of D25W solution or 20-50 mL of D50W solution) IV; may require repeated boluses

Insulin Overdose

400-600 mg of glucose/kg/hr needed for most insulin overdoses

Alternatively, administer 25-50 g (D50W) IV; may repeat doses in severe cases; determine glucose levels before injecting dose; in emergencies, may administer promptly before obtaining glucose results

Hyperkalemia

25-50 g (250-500 mL D10W) plus 10 units regular insulin IV over 30-60 min

Dosage Forms & Strengths

IV solution

  • D50W

Insulin Induced Hypoglycemia

< 6 months: 250-500 mg/kg/dose (1-2 mL/kg/dose D25W)  

> 6 months: 0.5-1g/kg/dose (2-4 mL/kg/dose D25W)

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and dextrose (Antidote)

No Results

     activity indicator 
    No Interactions Found
    Interactions Found

    Contraindicated

      Serious - Use Alternative

        Significant - Monitor Closely

          Minor

            All Interactions Sort By:
             activity indicator 

            Contraindicated (0)

              Serious - Use Alternative (0)

                Monitor Closely (1)

                • dichlorphenamide

                  dichlorphenamide and dextrose (Antidote) both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                Minor (4)

                • magnesium chloride

                  dextrose (Antidote) decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                • magnesium citrate

                  dextrose (Antidote) decreases levels of magnesium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                • magnesium hydroxide

                  dextrose (Antidote) decreases levels of magnesium hydroxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                • magnesium sulfate

                  dextrose (Antidote) decreases levels of magnesium sulfate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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                Adverse Effects

                Frequency Not Defined

                Possibility of intracellular lactic acid production in setting of ischemic brain cells & hyperglycemia

                Hypokalemia

                Edema

                Hyper/hypovolemia

                Dehydration

                Fever

                Mental cofusion

                Unconsciousness

                Ketonuria

                Glycosuria

                Polyuria

                Phlebitis

                Venous thrombosis

                Metabolic acidosis

                Diarrhea

                Polydipsia

                Vein irritation

                Pulmonary edema/tachypnea

                Extravasation can result in tissue damage

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                Pharmacology

                Mechanism of Action

                Source of calories and fluid for patients unable to obtain adequate oral intake

                Substrate for ATP production for aerobic metabolism; promotes glycogen deposition in the liver

                In hyperkalemia dextrose in combination with insulin stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells (especially in muscle tissue), which in turn lowers serum potassium

                Pharmacokinetics

                Onset of action: 10 min (PO; treatement of hypoglycemia)

                Absorption: Rapid from the small intestine

                Metabolism: Metabolized to carbon dioxide and water

                Time to peak: 40 min (PO)

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                Images

                Pricing & Images are not currently available for this monograph.
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                Patient Handout

                Patient Education
                dextrose 50 % in water (D50W) intravenous

                NO MONOGRAPH AVAILABLE AT THIS TIME

                USES: Consult your pharmacist.

                HOW TO USE: Consult your pharmacist.

                SIDE EFFECTS: Consult your pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

                PRECAUTIONS: Consult your pharmacist.

                DRUG INTERACTIONS: Consult your pharmacist.Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist.

                OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

                NOTES: No monograph available at this time.

                MISSED DOSE: Consult your pharmacist.

                STORAGE: Consult your pharmacist.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for more details about how to safely discard your product.

                Information last revised July 2016. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

                IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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                Formulary

                FormularyPatient Discounts

                Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

                To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

                Adding plans allows you to:

                • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
                • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
                • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
                • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

                The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

                Tier Description
                1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
                2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
                3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
                4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
                Code Definition
                PA Prior Authorization
                Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
                QL Quantity Limits
                Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
                ST Step Therapy
                Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
                OR Other Restrictions
                Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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                Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.