chlorothiazide (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Diuril

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatricGeriatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

oral suspension

  • 250mg/5mL

powder for injection

  • 500mg

tablet

  • 250mg
  • 500mg

Edema

0.5-1 g (10 to 20 mL) PO/IV qDay or q12hr;

Dosing consideration

  • Many patients with edema respond to intermittent therapy (ie, administration on alternate days or 3-5 days each week; reduces risk of undesirable electrolyte imbalance)

Hypertension

0.5 -1 g (10-20 mL)/day PO/IV as single or divided dose; increase or decrease dosage based on blood pressure response

Renal Impairment

CrCl <10 mL/minute: Do not use

CrCl<30 mL/minute: Ineffective

Overdose Management

May use normal saline for volume replacement

May use dopamine or norepinephrine to treat hypotension

If dysrhythmia due to decreased K+ or Mg+ suspected replace aggressively

Discontinue treatment if no symptoms after 6hr

Other Indications & Uses

Edema associated with: CHF, cirrhosis, steroids, estrogen therapy, renal dysfunction

Off-label: Calcium nephrolithiasis, osteoporosis, diabetes insipidus

Dosage Forms & Strengths

oral suspension

  • 250mg/5mL

powder for injection

  • 500mg

tablet

  • 250mg
  • 500mg

Edema

10 to 20 mg/kg (5-10 mg/lb) qDay or divided q12hr, not to exceed 375 mg/day  

Hypertension

10 to 20 mg/kg (5-10 mg/lb) qDay or divided q12hr, not to exceed 375 mg/day  

Edema

0.5-1 g (10 to 20 mL) PO/IV qDay or q12hr; many patients with edema respond to intermittent therapy (ie, administration on alternate days or 3-5 days each week; reduces risk of undesirable electrolyte imbalance)

Hypertension

0.5 -1 g (10-20 mL)/day PO/IV as single or divided dose; increase or decrease dosage based on blood pressure response

Next:

Interactions

Interaction Checker

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              • aminolevulinic acid oral

                aminolevulinic acid oral, chlorothiazide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid administering other phototoxic drugs with aminolevulinic acid oral for 24 hr during perioperative period.

              • aminolevulinic acid topical

                chlorothiazide increases toxicity of aminolevulinic acid topical by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of photosensitizing drugs may enhance the phototoxic reaction to photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid.

              • darolutamide

                darolutamide will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Darolutamide is a BCRP inhibitor. Avoid coadministration with BCRP inhibitors. If use is unavoidable, closely monitor for adverse reactions and consider dose reduction of BCRP substrate drug (refer BCRP substrate prescribing information).

              • leniolisib

                leniolisib will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Leniolisib, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase systemic exposure of BCRP substrates

              • lofexidine

                lofexidine, chlorothiazide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with other drugs that decrease pulse or blood pressure to mitigate risk of excessive bradycardia and hypotension.

              • methyl aminolevulinate

                chlorothiazide, methyl aminolevulinate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.

              • squill

                chlorothiazide increases toxicity of squill by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Potassium depletion may enhance toxicity of squill.

              • tretinoin

                chlorothiazide, tretinoin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.

              • tretinoin topical

                chlorothiazide, tretinoin topical. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.

              Monitor Closely (167)

              • acalabrutinib

                acalabrutinib increases levels of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Acalabrutinib may increase exposure to coadministered BCRP substrates by inhibition of intestinal BCRP.

              • acebutolol

                acebutolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aceclofenac

                aceclofenac increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • acemetacin

                acemetacin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • albiglutide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of albiglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • albuterol

                albuterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aldesleukin

                aldesleukin increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • amifostine

                amifostine, chlorothiazide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with blood pressure lowering agents may increase the risk and severity of hypotension associated with amifostine. When amifostine is used at chemotherapeutic doses, withhold blood pressure lowering medications for 24 hr prior to amifostine; if blood pressure lowering medication cannot be withheld, do not administer amifostine.

              • amiloride

                amiloride increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • amoxicillin

                amoxicillin, chlorothiazide. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • apalutamide

                apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of chlorothiazide by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. Apalutamide weakly induces BCRP and may decrease systemic exposure of drugs that are BCRP substrates.

              • arformoterol

                arformoterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aspirin

                aspirin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aspirin rectal

                aspirin rectal increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • atenolol

                atenolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • beclomethasone, inhaled

                beclomethasone, inhaled increases toxicity of chlorothiazide by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. May increase the hypokalemic effects of thiazide diuretics.

              • benazepril

                benazepril, chlorothiazide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ehanced hypotensive effects. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor blood pressure and renal function.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                bendroflumethiazide and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • betaxolol

                betaxolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bisoprolol

                bisoprolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bretylium

                chlorothiazide, bretylium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Each drug may cause hypotension.

              • bumetanide

                bumetanide and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • buprenorphine, long-acting injection

                buprenorphine, long-acting injection decreases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Opioids can reduce diuretic efficacy by inducing antidiuretic hormone release.

              • calcifediol

                chlorothiazide increases toxicity of calcifediol by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Thiazide diuretics may increase serum calcium by decreasing urinary calcium excretion.

              • candesartan

                candesartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • captopril

                captopril, chlorothiazide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor blood pressure and renal function.

              • carbenoxolone

                chlorothiazide and carbenoxolone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • carbidopa

                carbidopa increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Therapy with carbidopa, given with or without levodopa or carbidopa-levodopa combination products, is started, dosage adjustment of the antihypertensive drug may be required.

              • carvedilol

                carvedilol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • celecoxib

                celecoxib increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • celiprolol

                celiprolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of celiprolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • chlorthalidone

                chlorothiazide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • cholestyramine

                cholestyramine decreases levels of chlorothiazide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                choline magnesium trisalicylate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • citalopram

                chlorothiazide, citalopram. pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Possible additive hyponatremia.

              • cornsilk

                cornsilk increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypokalemia (theoretical interaction).

              • cyclopenthiazide

                chlorothiazide and cyclopenthiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • deflazacort

                chlorothiazide and deflazacort both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dichlorphenamide

                dichlorphenamide and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • diclofenac

                diclofenac increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dicloxacillin

                dicloxacillin, chlorothiazide. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • diflunisal

                diflunisal increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • digoxin

                digoxin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorothiazide increases effects of digoxin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypokalemia increases digoxin effects.

              • dobutamine

                dobutamine and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dopexamine

                dopexamine and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • drospirenone

                drospirenone increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • eluxadoline

                eluxadoline increases levels of chlorothiazide by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Eluxadoline may increase the systemic exposure of coadministered BCRP substrates.

              • empagliflozin

                empagliflozin, chlorothiazide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of empagliflozin with diuretics results in increased urine volume and frequency of voids, which might enhance the potential for volume depletion.

              • encorafenib

                encorafenib will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Encorafenib (a BCRP inhibitor) may increase the concentration and toxicities of BCRP substrates. Closely monitor for signs and symptoms of increased exposure and consider adjusting the dose of these substrates.

              • ephedrine

                ephedrine and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine

                epinephrine and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine racemic

                epinephrine racemic and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • eprosartan

                eprosartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • esmolol

                esmolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ethacrynic acid

                ethacrynic acid and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • etodolac

                etodolac increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • exenatide injectable solution

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • exenatide injectable suspension

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of exenatide injectable suspension by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • fenoprofen

                fenoprofen increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fentanyl

                fentanyl decreases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fentanyl intranasal

                fentanyl intranasal decreases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fentanyl transdermal

                fentanyl transdermal decreases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fentanyl transmucosal

                fentanyl transmucosal decreases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • flurbiprofen

                flurbiprofen increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • formoterol

                formoterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fostemsavir

                fostemsavir will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Fostemsavir inhibits BCRP transporters. If possible, avoid coadministration or modify dose of BCRP substrate coadministered with fostemsavir.

              • furosemide

                furosemide and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • gentamicin

                chlorothiazide and gentamicin both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ibuprofen

                ibuprofen increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ibuprofen IV

                ibuprofen IV increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs may decrease the therapeutic effects of thiazide-like diuretics; may also enhance nephrotoxic effects.

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ibuprofen IV by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • indacaterol, inhaled

                chlorothiazide, indacaterol, inhaled. serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination may increase risk of hypokalemia.

                indacaterol, inhaled, chlorothiazide. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution is advised in the coadministration of indacaterol neohaler with non-potassium-sparing diuretics.

              • indapamide

                chlorothiazide and indapamide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • indomethacin

                indomethacin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • insulin degludec

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin degludec by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

              • insulin degludec/insulin aspart

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin degludec/insulin aspart by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

              • insulin inhaled

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin inhaled by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

              • irbesartan

                irbesartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • isoproterenol

                isoproterenol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • juniper

                juniper, chlorothiazide. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Juniper may potentiate or interfere with diuretic therapy. Juniper has diuretic effects, but may cause kidney damage at large doses.

              • ketoprofen

                ketoprofen increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketorolac

                ketorolac increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                ketorolac intranasal increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • labetalol

                labetalol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • levalbuterol

                levalbuterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • levodopa

                levodopa increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider decreasing dosage of antihypertensive agent.

              • lily of the valley

                chlorothiazide increases toxicity of lily of the valley by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Increased risk of cardiac toxicity due to K+ depletion.

              • liraglutide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of liraglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • lithium

                chlorothiazide increases toxicity of lithium by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lornoxicam

                lornoxicam increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • losartan

                losartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lurasidone

                lurasidone increases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Potential for increased risk of hypotension with concurrent use. Monitor blood pressure and adjust dose of antihypertensive agent as needed.

              • maitake

                maitake increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypokalemia (theoretical interaction).

              • maraviroc

                maraviroc, chlorothiazide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of orthostatic hypotension.

              • meclofenamate

                meclofenamate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mefenamic acid

                mefenamic acid increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • meloxicam

                meloxicam increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metaproterenol

                metaproterenol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • methoxsalen

                methoxsalen, chlorothiazide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive photosensitizing effects.

              • methyclothiazide

                chlorothiazide and methyclothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • methylphenidate transdermal

                methylphenidate transdermal decreases effects of chlorothiazide by anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metolazone

                chlorothiazide and metolazone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metoprolol

                metoprolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • momelotinib

                momelotinib increases toxicity of chlorothiazide by plasma protein binding competition. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Momelotinib (BCRP inhibitor) may increase exposure of BCRP substrates, which may increase the risk of BCRP substrate adverse reactions. Dose adjustment of other BCRP substrates may necessary.

              • mometasone inhaled

                mometasone inhaled increases toxicity of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may increase hypokalemic effect of loop diuretics.

              • mycophenolate

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of mycophenolate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nabumetone

                nabumetone increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nadolol

                nadolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • naproxen

                naproxen increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nebivolol

                nebivolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nitroglycerin rectal

                nitroglycerin rectal, chlorothiazide. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Observe for possible additive hypotensive effects during concomitant use. .

              • norepinephrine

                norepinephrine and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • oliceridine

                oliceridine decreases effects of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Opioids can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing the release of antidiuretic hormone. Monitor for signs of diminished diuresis and/or effects on blood pressure and increase dosage of the diuretic as needed. .

              • olmesartan

                olmesartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • olodaterol inhaled

                chlorothiazide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • oteseconazole

                oteseconazole will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Otesezonale, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase the effects and risk of toxicities of BCRP substrates. Use lowest starting dose of BCRP substrate, or consider reducing BCRP substrate dose.

              • oxaprozin

                oxaprozin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • parecoxib

                parecoxib increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • penbutolol

                penbutolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pindolol

                pindolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pirbuterol

                pirbuterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • piroxicam

                piroxicam increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pivmecillinam

                pivmecillinam, chlorothiazide. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ponatinib

                ponatinib increases levels of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor.

              • porfimer

                chlorothiazide, porfimer. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced photosensitivity.

              • potassium acid phosphate

                potassium acid phosphate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium chloride

                potassium chloride increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium citrate

                potassium citrate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • probenecid

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of probenecid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • propranolol

                propranolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • regorafenib

                regorafenib will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Regorafenib likely inhibits BCRP (ABCG2) transport. Coadministration with a BCRP substrate may increase systemic exposure to the substrate and related toxicity.

              • sacubitril/valsartan

                sacubitril/valsartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • safinamide

                safinamide will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Safinamide and its major metabolite may inhibit intestinal BCRP. Monitor BCRP substrates for increased pharmacologic or adverse effects.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                salicylates (non-asa) increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salmeterol

                salmeterol and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salsalate

                salsalate increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • shark cartilage

                chlorothiazide, shark cartilage. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May lead to hypercalcemia (theoretical).

              • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride

                sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol

                chlorothiazide and sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

                sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sofosbuvir/velpatasvir

                sofosbuvir/velpatasvir will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Velpatasvir is an inhibitor of the drug transporter BCRP. Coadministration may increase systemic exposure of drugs that are BCRP substrates.

              • sotalol

                sotalol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • spironolactone

                spironolactone increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • stiripentol

                stiripentol will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a BCRP transport inhibitor. Consider dosage reduction for BCRP substrates if adverse effects are experienced when coadministered.

              • succinylcholine

                succinylcholine increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sulfasalazine

                sulfasalazine increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sulindac

                sulindac increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tafamidis

                tafamidis will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Tafamidis inhibits breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) in vitro and may increase exposure of BCRP substrates following tafamidis or tafamidis meglumine administration. Dosage adjustment of these BCRP substrates may be necessary.

              • tafamidis meglumine

                tafamidis meglumine will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Tafamidis inhibits breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) in vitro and may increase exposure of BCRP substrates following tafamidis or tafamidis meglumine administration. Dosage adjustment of these BCRP substrates may be necessary.

              • telmisartan

                telmisartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • temocillin

                temocillin, chlorothiazide. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • terbutaline

                terbutaline and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ticarcillin

                ticarcillin, chlorothiazide. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • timolol

                timolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolfenamic acid

                tolfenamic acid increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolmetin

                tolmetin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolvaptan

                tolvaptan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • toremifene

                chlorothiazide, toremifene. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Thiazide diuretics decrease renal calcium excretion and may increase risk of hypercalcemia in patients taking toremifene.

              • torsemide

                torsemide and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • triamterene

                triamterene increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • trientine

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of trientine by increasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled

                umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Electrocardiographic changes and/or hypokalemia associated with non?potassium-sparing diuretics may worsen with concomitant beta-agonists, particularly if recommended dose is exceeded

              • valsartan

                valsartan increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled

                vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled and chlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Beta-agonists may acutely worsen ECG changes and/or hypokalemia resulting from non-potassium-sparing diuretics

              • vitamin D

                chlorothiazide increases effects of vitamin D by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase hypercalcemic effect of vitamin D analogs. Use with caution.

              • xipamide

                xipamide increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              Minor (145)

              • acarbose

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of acarbose by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • aceclofenac

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of aceclofenac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acemetacin

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of acemetacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acyclovir

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of acyclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • agrimony

                agrimony increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • albuterol

                albuterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • aminohippurate sodium

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of aminohippurate sodium by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ampicillin

                chlorothiazide increases levels of ampicillin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • arformoterol

                arformoterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • aspirin

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of aspirin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin rectal

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of aspirin rectal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • balsalazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of balsalazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                bendroflumethiazide will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • birch

                birch increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • bitter melon

                bitter melon, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • brimonidine

                brimonidine increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • budesonide

                budesonide, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • calcitriol topical

                calcitriol topical, chlorothiazide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Potential additive hypercalcemia.

              • calcium acetate

                chlorothiazide increases levels of calcium acetate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium carbonate

                chlorothiazide increases levels of calcium carbonate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium chloride

                chlorothiazide increases levels of calcium chloride by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium citrate

                chlorothiazide increases levels of calcium citrate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium gluconate

                chlorothiazide increases levels of calcium gluconate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • carbenoxolone

                chlorothiazide, carbenoxolone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypokalemic effects.

              • cefadroxil

                cefadroxil will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefamandole

                cefamandole will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefpirome

                cefpirome will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefprozil

                cefprozil will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • celecoxib

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of celecoxib by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cephalexin

                cephalexin will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorpropamide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of chlorpropamide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of chlorpropamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • chlorthalidone

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of choline magnesium trisalicylate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • colestipol

                colestipol decreases levels of chlorothiazide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • corticotropin

                corticotropin, chlorothiazide. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Possible enhanced electrolyte loss.

              • cortisone

                cortisone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • cosyntropin

                cosyntropin, chlorothiazide. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Possible enhanced electrolyte loss.

              • cyclopenthiazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of cyclopenthiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • deflazacort

                deflazacort, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • dexamethasone

                dexamethasone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • diazoxide

                diazoxide, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyperglycemia.

              • diclofenac

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of diclofenac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • diflunisal

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of diflunisal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • dobutamine

                dobutamine, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • dopexamine

                dopexamine, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • ephedrine

                ephedrine, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epinephrine

                epinephrine, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epinephrine racemic

                epinephrine racemic, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epoprostenol

                epoprostenol increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypotensive effects.

              • etodolac

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of etodolac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fenbufen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of fenbufen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fenoprofen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of fenoprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fludrocortisone

                fludrocortisone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • flurbiprofen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of flurbiprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fo-ti

                fo-ti increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia (theoretical).

              • folic acid

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of folic acid by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • formoterol

                formoterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • forskolin

                forskolin increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ganciclovir

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • glimepiride

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of glimepiride by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • glipizide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of glipizide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • glyburide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of glyburide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • goldenrod

                goldenrod increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of hydrochlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • hydrocortisone

                hydrocortisone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • ibuprofen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ibuprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • indapamide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of indapamide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • indomethacin

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • insulin aspart

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin detemir

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin detemir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin glargine

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin glargine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin glulisine

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin glulisine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin lispro

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin lispro by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin NPH

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin NPH by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin regular human

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of insulin regular human by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • isoproterenol

                isoproterenol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • ketoprofen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ketoprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ketorolac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of ketorolac intranasal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • L-methylfolate

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of L-methylfolate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • levalbuterol

                levalbuterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • lornoxicam

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of lornoxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium chloride

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium citrate

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of magnesium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium hydroxide

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of magnesium hydroxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium oxide

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of magnesium oxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium sulfate

                chlorothiazide decreases levels of magnesium sulfate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meclofenamate

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of meclofenamate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mefenamic acid

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of mefenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meloxicam

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of meloxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mesalamine

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of mesalamine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • metaproterenol

                metaproterenol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • metformin

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • methyclothiazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of methyclothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • methylprednisolone

                methylprednisolone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • metolazone

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of metolazone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • miglitol

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of miglitol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • minoxidil

                chlorothiazide increases effects of minoxidil by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nabumetone

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of nabumetone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nafcillin

                chlorothiazide increases levels of nafcillin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • naproxen

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of naproxen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nateglinide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of nateglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • noni juice

                noni juice increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • norepinephrine

                norepinephrine, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • octacosanol

                octacosanol increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • oxaprozin

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of oxaprozin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • parecoxib

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of parecoxib by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • penicillin G aqueous

                chlorothiazide increases levels of penicillin G aqueous by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • penicillin VK

                chlorothiazide increases levels of penicillin VK by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • pioglitazone

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of pioglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • piperacillin

                chlorothiazide increases levels of piperacillin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • pirbuterol

                pirbuterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • piroxicam

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of piroxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • prednisolone

                prednisolone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • prednisone

                prednisone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • reishi

                reishi increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • repaglinide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of repaglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • rose hips

                rose hips will increase the level or effect of chlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • rosiglitazone

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of rosiglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of salicylates (non-asa) by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • salmeterol

                salmeterol, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • salsalate

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of salsalate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • saxagliptin

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of saxagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • shepherd's purse

                shepherd's purse, chlorothiazide. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

              • sitagliptin

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of sitagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • sulfadiazine

                chlorothiazide increases levels of sulfadiazine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfamethoxazole

                chlorothiazide increases levels of sulfamethoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                chlorothiazide, sulfamethoxazole. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyponatremia.

              • sulfasalazine

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of sulfasalazine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfisoxazole

                chlorothiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulindac

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of sulindac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • terbutaline

                terbutaline, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

                chlorothiazide, terbutaline. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypokalemic effects.

              • tizanidine

                tizanidine increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypotension.

              • tolazamide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of tolazamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • tolbutamide

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of tolbutamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • tolfenamic acid

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of tolfenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tolmetin

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of tolmetin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • treprostinil

                treprostinil increases effects of chlorothiazide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

                triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • trilostane

                trilostane, chlorothiazide. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Trilostane reduces K+ loss while maintaining the natriuretic effect. Mechanism: inhibition of mineralocorticoid steroid synthesis.

              • trimethoprim

                chlorothiazide, trimethoprim. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyponatremia.

              • valganciclovir

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of valganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • verteporfin

                chlorothiazide, verteporfin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased phototoxicity.

              • vildagliptin

                chlorothiazide decreases effects of vildagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • willow bark

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of willow bark by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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              Adverse Effects

              <1%

              Scaling eczema

              Stevens-Johnson syndrome

              Toxic epidermal necrolysis

              Disorder of hematopoietic structure

              Hepatotoxicity

              Systemic lupus erythematosus

              Frequency Not Defined

              Hypotension

              Alopecia

              Photosensitivity

              Phototoxicity

              Rash

              Urticaria

              Hyperglycemia

              Hyperuricemia

              Constipation

              Diarrhea

              Loss of appetite

              Nausea and vomiting

              Electrolytes abnormal

              Spasticity

              Dizziness

              Headache

              Blurred vision

              Xanthopsia

              Impotence

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              Warnings

              Contraindications

              Hypersensitivity to chlorothiazide or sulfonamides

              Anuria

              Cautions

              May aggravate digitalis toxicity

              Sensitivity reactions may occur with or without history of allergy or asthma

              Patients allergic to sulfa may show cross-sensitivity

              May deleteriously alter lipid/glucose metabolism

              Risk of male sexual dysfunction

              Use with caution in severe renal disease. In patients with renal disease, thiazides may precipitate azotemia; cumulative effects of drug may develop in patients with impaired renal function.

              Thiazides should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function or progressive liver disease, since minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma

              Thiazides may add to or potentiate the action of other antihypertensive drugs

              Sensitivity reactions may occur in patients with or without a history of allergy or bronchial asthma; the possibility of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus has been reported

              Lithium generally should not be given with diuretics

              Although any chloride deficit is generally mild and usually does not require specific treatment except under extraordinary circumstances (as in liver disease or renal disease), chloride replacement may be required in the treatment of metabolic alkalosis

              Dilutional hyponatremia may occur in edematous patients in hot weather; appropriate therapy is water restriction, rather than administration of salt, except in rare instances when the hyponatremia is life-threatening; in actual salt depletion, appropriate replacement is therapy of choice

              Hyperuricemia may occur or acute gout may be precipitated in certain patients receiving thiazides

              In diabetic patients dosage adjustments of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be required; hyperglycemia may occur with thiazide diuretics; latent diabetes mellitus may become manifest during thiazide therapy

              The antihypertensive effects of drug may be enhanced in the post-sympathectomy patient

              If progressive renal impairment becomes evident, consider withholding or discontinuing diuretic therapy;

              Thiazides have been shown to increase the urinary excretion of magnesium; this may result in hypomagnesemia

              Thiazides may decrease urinary calcium excretion; thiazides may cause intermittent and slight elevation of serum calcium in absence of known disorders of calcium metabolism; marked hypercalcemia may be evidence of hidden hyperparathyroidism; thiazides should be discontinued before carrying out tests for parathyroid function

              Increases in cholesterol and triglyceride levels may be associated with thiazide diuretic therapy

              Hypokalemia

              • Hypokalemia may develop, especially with brisk diuresis, when severe cirrhosis is present or after prolonged therapy; interference with adequate oral electrolyte intake will contribute to hypokalemia
              • Hypokalemia may cause cardiac arrhythmias and may also sensitize or exaggerate response of heart to toxic effects of digitalis (eg, increased ventricular irritability)
              • Hypokalemia may be avoided or treated by use of potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements such as foods with a high potassium content

              Electrolyte imbalance

              • All patients receiving diuretic therapy should be observed for evidence of fluid or electrolyte imbalance, including, hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, and hypokalemia
              • Serum and urine electrolyte determinations are particularly important when patient is vomiting excessively or receiving parenteral fluids
              • Warning signs or symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance, irrespective of cause, include dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, confusion, seizures, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting
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              Pregnancy & Lactation

              Pregnancy Category: C; D (expert analysis). Chlorothiazide may cause fetal or neonatal jaundice, thrombocytopenia, and possibly other adverse reactions which have occurred in the adult. Use of diuretics for pregnancy-induced hypertension should be avoided due to risk of decreased placental perfusion.

              Lactation: enters breast milk/not recommended (AAP states "compatible with nursing")

              Pregnancy Categories

              A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

              B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

              C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

              D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

              X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

              NA: Information not available.

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              Pharmacology

              Mechanism of Action

              Thiazide diuretic that inhibits Na reabsorption in distal renal tubules resulting in increased excrertion of Na+ and water, also K+ and H+ ions

              Pharmacokinetics

              Half-Life: 145-120 min

              Onset: initial effect: 2 hr, max effect: 4 hr

              Duration: 6-12 hr

              Peak Plasma Time: IV: 30 min; PO: 4 hr

              Bioavailability: Very limited

              Metabolism: Does not appear to be metabolized

              Excretion: Urine (96%)

              Dialyzable: No

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              Administration

              IV Incompatibilities

              Additive: amikacin, chlorpromazine, hydralazine, insulin regular, levorphanol, morphine sulfate, norepinephrine bitartrate, polymyxin B sulfate, procaine, prochlorperazine, promazine, promethazine, streptomycin, triflupromazine, vancomycin

              Other: multivitamins

              IV Compatibilities

              Solution: D5W, D10W, dextrose/saline, dextrose/LR, dextrose/Ringers, Ringers, LR, NS, ½NS, Na-lactate 1/6M

              Additive: Cimetidine, lidocaine, nafcillin, ranitidine

              IV Administration

              Administer IV by direct injection or infusion

              Do not administer IM or SC

              Storage

              Intact vials at 2-25°C

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              Images

              BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
              Diuril oral
              -
              250 mg/5 mL suspension

              Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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              Patient Handout

              Patient Education
              chlorothiazide oral

              CHLOROTHIAZIDE - ORAL

              (KLOR-oh-THYE-a-zide)

              COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Diuril

              USES: This medication is used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Chlorothiazide is a "water pill" (diuretic) that causes you to make more urine. This helps your body get rid of extra salt and water.This medication is also used to decrease swelling (edema) caused by conditions such as cancer, congestive heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. This effect can help your kidneys work better and lessen symptoms such as trouble breathing and swelling in your ankles, feet, hands, or belly.

              HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once or twice a day. If you take this drug too close to bedtime, you may need to wake up to urinate. It is best to take this medication at least 4 hours before your bedtime.If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. Shake the bottle well before each dose.The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. In children, the dosage is also based on age and weight.Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day. Keep taking this medication even if you feel well. Most people with high blood pressure do not feel sick.Cholestyramine and colestipol can decrease the absorption of chlorothiazide. If you are taking either of these drugs, take them at least 4 hours before or after taking chlorothiazide.Tell your doctor if your condition does not get better or if it gets worse (your blood pressure readings remain high or increase).

              SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, blurred vision, loss of appetite, stomach upset, diarrhea, or constipation may occur as your body adjusts to the medication. You may also experience decreased sexual ability. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.To reduce the risk of dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.This medication can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Tell your doctor right away if you have any symptoms of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance, such as confusion, unusual dry mouth/thirst, fast/irregular heartbeat, severe dizziness/lightheadedness, or seizures.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, such as: nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine, signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever, chills, cough), joint pain (such as big toe pain), numbness/tingling of the arms/legs, easy bruising/bleeding, unusual tiredness, signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine).Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, such as: decrease in vision, eye pain.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, such as: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

              PRECAUTIONS: Before taking chlorothiazide, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, untreated salt/mineral imbalance (such as imbalance of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium), dehydration, gout, lupus, certain recent nerve surgery (sympathectomy).If you have diabetes, chlorothiazide may affect your blood sugar. Check your blood sugar regularly as directed and share the results with your doctor. Tell your doctor right away if you have symptoms of high blood sugar such as increased thirst/urination. Your doctor may need to adjust your diabetes medication, exercise program, or diet.This drug may make you dizzy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).Severe sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting can increase the risk for dehydration. Report prolonged diarrhea or vomiting to your doctor. To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of fluids unless your doctor directs you otherwise.This drug may decrease your potassium levels. Ask your doctor about foods high in potassium (such as bananas, orange juice) or about using a salt substitute containing potassium. A potassium supplement may be prescribed by your doctor.This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Tell your doctor right away if you get sunburned or have skin blisters/redness.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (such as prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially dizziness.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.This drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

              DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also How to Use section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (such as prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug are: dofetilide, lithium.Some products have ingredients that could raise your blood pressure or worsen your swelling. Tell your pharmacist what products you are using, and ask how to use them safely (especially cough-and-cold products, diet aids, or NSAIDs such as ibuprofen/naproxen).This product may interfere with certain lab tests. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

              OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: severe dizziness, severe weakness, fainting.

              NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, stopping smoking, and eating a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet. Consult your doctor for more details.Lab and/or medical tests (such as potassium levels, kidney function tests) may be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.Have your blood pressure checked regularly while taking this medication. Learn how to monitor your own blood pressure at home, and share the results with your doctor.

              MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

              STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Do not freeze the liquid form of this medication. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

              Information last revised October 2021. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

              IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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              Formulary

              FormularyPatient Discounts

              Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

              To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

              Adding plans allows you to:

              • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
              • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
              • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
              • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

              The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

              Tier Description
              1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
              2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
              3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
              4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
              Code Definition
              PA Prior Authorization
              Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
              QL Quantity Limits
              Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
              ST Step Therapy
              Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
              OR Other Restrictions
              Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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              Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.