cefiderocol (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Fetroja

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatricGeriatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

injection, lyophilized powder of reconstitution

  • 1gram

Urinary Tract Infection

Indicated for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI), including pyelonephritis, caused by susceptible gram-negative microorganisms

2 grams IV q8hr for 7-14 days

Duration of therapy should be dependent on infection severity and patient’s clinical status for up to 14 days

Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Bacterial Pneumonia

Indicated for treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) caused by susceptible Gram-negative microorganisms

2 grams IV q8hr for 7-14 days

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment

  • CrCl ≥120 mL/min: 2 gram IV q6hr
  • CrCl 60 to <120 mL/min: No dosage adjustment necessary
  • CrCl 30 to <60 mL/min: 1.5 gram IV q8hr
  • CrCl 15 to <30 mL/min: 1 gram IV q8hr
  • End-stage renal disease (CrCl <15 mL/min) with or without intermittent hemodialysis (HD): 0.75 gram IV q12hr
  • Patients receiving CRRT
    • For patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), including continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), base the dosage on the effluent flow rate in CRRT
    • ≤2 L/hr: 1.5 grams q12 hr
    • 2.1-3 L/hr: 2 grams q12 hr
    • 3.1-4 L/hr 1.5 grams q8 hr
    • ≥4.1 L/hr: 2 grams q8 hr

Hepatic impairment

  • Effects of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of cefiderocol have not been evaluated
  • No dosage adjustment necessary in patients with impaired hepatic function

Dosing Considerations

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain effectiveness antibacterial drugs, use only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria

When culture and susceptibility information are available, consider selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy

Susceptible Gram-negative organisms

  • cUTI
    • Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae complex
  • HABP/VABP
    • Acinetobacter baumannii complex, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae complex, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens

Safety and efficacy not established

Owing to elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection and renal function should be monitored

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and cefiderocol

No Results

     activity indicator 
    No Interactions Found
    Interactions Found

    Contraindicated

      Serious - Use Alternative

        Significant - Monitor Closely

          Minor

            All Interactions Sort By:
             activity indicator 

            Contraindicated (0)

              Serious - Use Alternative (1)

              • microbiota oral

                cefiderocol decreases effects of microbiota oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Microbiota oral contains bacterial spores. Antibacterial agents may decrease efficacy if coadministered. Complete antibiotic regimens 2-4 days before initiating microbiota oral. .

              Monitor Closely (1)

              • warfarin

                cefiderocol increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              Minor (0)

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                Adverse Effects

                >10%

                HABP/VABP

                • Elevated liver tests (16%)
                • Hypokalemia (11%)

                1-10%

                cUTIs

                • Diarrhea (4%)
                • Infusion site reactions (4%)
                • Constipation (3%)
                • Rash (3%)
                • Candidiasis (2%)
                • Cough (2%)
                • Elevated liver tests (2%)
                • Headache (2%)
                • Hypokalemia (2%)
                • Nausea (2%)
                • Vomiting (2%)
                • <2%

                  • Blood and lymphatic disorders: Thrombocytosis
                  • Cardiac disorders: Congestive heart failure, bradycardia, atrial fibrillation
                  • Gastrointestinal disorders: Abdominal pain, dry mouth, stomatitis
                  • General system disorders: Pyrexia, peripheral edema
                  • Hepatobiliary disorders: Cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, gallbladder pain
                  • Immune system disorders: Drug hypersensitivity
                  • Infections and infestations: Clostridioides difficile infection
                  • Laboratory investigations: Prolonged prothrombin time and prothrombin time international normalized ratio, RBC urine positive, creatine phosphokinase increase
                  • Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Decreased appetite, hypocalcemia, fluid overload
                  • Nervous system disorders: Dysgeusia, seizure
                  • Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders: Dyspnea, pleural effusion
                  • Skin and SC tissue disorders: Pruritus
                  • Psychiatric disorders: Insomnia, restlessness

                HABP/VABP

                • Diarrhea (9%)
                • Hypomagnesemia (5%)
                • Atrial fibrillation (5%)
                • <4%
                  • Blood and lymphatic disorders: Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis
                  • Cardiac disorders: Myocardial infarction, atrial flutter
                  • Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
                  • Hepatobiliary disorders: Cholecystitis, cholestasis
                  • Infections and infestations: C. difficile infection, oral candidiasis
                  • Laboratory investigations: Prolonged PT and PT-INR ratio, and activated partial thromboplastin time
                  • Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia
                  • Nervous system disorders: Seizure
                  • Renal and genitourinary disorders: Acute interstitial nephritis
                  • Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders: Cough
                  • Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash including rash erythematous
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                Warnings

                Contraindications

                Severe hypersensitivity to cefiderocol or other beta-lactam antibacterial drugs, or any other component of cefiderocol

                Cautions

                An increase in all-cause mortality was observed; reserve use for patients who have limited or no alternative treatment options for the treatment of cUTI

                Closely monitor clinical response to therapy in patients with chronic urinary tract infection and hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP); increase in all-cause mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infection reported; significance unknown

                Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions and serious skin reactions reported; reactions are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of beta-lactam hypersensitivity and/or a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens; discontinue therapy if an allergic reaction occurs

                Cephalosporins may trigger seizures; nonconvulsive status epilepticus, encephalopathy, coma, asterixis, neuromuscular excitability, and myoclonia reported with cephalosporins, particularly in patients with a history of epilepsy and/or when recommended dosages of cephalosporins were exceeded due to renal impairment; if CNS adverse reactions including seizures occur, patients should undergo a neurological evaluation to determine whether to discontinue treatment

                Dosage adjustment required in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) including CVVH, CVVHD, and CVVHDF; dosage should be based on effluent flow rate in patients receiving; while on CRRT, a patient’s residual renal function may change; improvements or reductions in residual renal function may warrant a change in dosage

                Prescribing in absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit and may increase the risk for development of drug-resistant bacteria

                C difficile-associated diarrhea

                • C difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) reported
                • CDAD may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis
                • Treatment with antibacterial agents alters normal flora of the colon and may permit overgrowth of C difficile
                • If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, consider discontinuing antibacterial drugs not directed against C difficile; manage fluid and electrolyte levels as appropriate, supplement protein intake, monitor antibacterial treatment of C difficile, and institute surgical evaluation as clinically indicated

                Drug interaction overview

                • Use may result in false-positive results in dipstick tests (urine protein, ketones, or occult blood); use alternate clinical laboratory methods of testing to confirm positive tests
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                Pregnancy & Lactation

                Pregnancy

                There are no available data on use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes

                Available data from published prospective cohort studies, case series, and case reports over several decades with cephalosporin use in pregnant women have not established drug-associated risks of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes

                Animal data

                • Developmental toxicity studies with cefiderocol administered during organogenesis to rats and mice showed no evidence of embryofetal toxicity, including drug-induced fetal malformations, at doses providing exposure levels 1.4 times (rats) or 2 times (mice) higher than the average observed in cUTI patients receiving the maximum recommended daily dose

                Lactation

                Unknown whether cefiderocol is excreted into human milk; however, cefiderocol-derived radioactivity was detected in the milk of lactating rats that received IV cefiderocol

                When a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk

                No information is available on the effects of cefiderocol on the breastfed infant or on milk production

                Pregnancy Categories

                A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

                B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

                C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

                D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

                X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

                NA: Information not available.

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                Pharmacology

                Mechanism of Action

                A cephalosporin antibacterial with activity against gram-negative aerobic bacteria

                Cefiderocol functions as a siderophore and binds to extracellular free ferric iron

                In addition to passive diffusion via porin channels, cefiderocol is actively transported across the outer cell membrane of bacteria into the periplasmic space using a siderophore iron uptake mechanism

                Cefiderocol exerts bactericidal action by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins

                Absorption

                Peak plasma concentration

                • cUTI: 115 mg/mL
                • HABP/VAPT: 111 mg/mL
                • Healthy volunteers: 91.4 mg/mL

                AUC

                • cUTI: 1944 mg⋅hr/mL
                • HABP/VAPT: 1773 mg⋅hr/mL
                • Healthy volunteers: 1175 mg⋅hr/mL

                Distribution

                Vd: 18 L

                Plasma protein binding, primarily to albumin, of cefiderocol is 40-60%

                Metabolism

                Cefiderocol is minimally metabolized

                Elimination

                Half-life: 2-3 hr

                Clearance: 5.18 L/hr

                Primarily excreted by kidneys

                Excretion: Urine (98.6% [90.6% unchanged]); feces (2.8%)

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                Administration

                IV Incompatibilities

                Compatibility with solutions containing other drugs or other diluents has not been established

                IV Compatibilities

                0.9% NaCl

                Dextrose 5%

                IV Preparation

                Reconstitute vial with 10 mL of either 0.9% NaCl or D5W and gently shake to dissolve

                Allow vial(s) to stand until foaming on the surface has disappeared (typically within 2 min); final volume of the reconstituted solution (1 gram/11.2 mL)

                Reconstituted solution is for IV infusion only after dilution in an appropriate infusion solution

                Withdraw appropriate volume of reconstituted solution from vial

                Add to a 100-mL infusion bag containing 0.9% NaCl or D5W

                Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit

                Infusions are clear, colorless solutions; discard any unused solution in the vial

                Preparation of doses

                • 2 grams: 22.4 mL of reconstituted cefiderocol
                • 1.5 grams: 16.8 mL of reconstituted cefiderocol
                • 1 gram: 11.2 mL of reconstituted cefiderocol
                • 0.75 grams: 8.4 mL of reconstituted cefiderocol

                IV Administration

                • IV infusion only
                • Infuse over 3 hr

                Storage

                Unused vials: Refrigerate at 2-8ºC (36-46ºF); protect from light; store in carton until time of use

                Reconstituted vial: Store for up to 1 hr at room temperature; discard any unused reconstituted solution

                Diluted infusion solution

                • Store for up to 6 hr at room temperature OR
                • Refrigerate at 2-8ºC (36-46ºF) for up to 24 hr
                • Protect from light
                • Complete infusion within 6 hours at room temperature
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                Images

                No images available for this drug.
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                Patient Handout

                A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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                Formulary

                FormularyPatient Discounts

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                The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

                Tier Description
                1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
                2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
                3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
                4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
                Code Definition
                PA Prior Authorization
                Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
                QL Quantity Limits
                Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
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                Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
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                Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.