Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule
- 5mg
- 10mg
- 40mg
- 100mg
Brain Tumors
Round dose to nearest 5 mg
Compromised bone marrow: 100 mg/m² PO once q6week
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Round dose to nearest 5 mg
Compromised bone marrow: 100 mg/m² PO once q6week
Dosage Modifications
For SI Units, convert full U.S. value by x 10^6/L
Do not repeat course until platelets >100000/mm³ and leukocytes >4000/mm³/
Give full dose if
- Leukocytes >3000/mm³
- Platelets >75000/mm³
Give 70% if
- Leukocytes: 2000-2999/mm³
- Platelets: 25000-74999/mm³
Give 50% if
- Leukocytes <1999/mm³
- Platelets <24999/mm³
Renal impairment
- CrCl >50 mL/min: Administer full dose
- CrCl 10-50 mL/min: Administer 75% of regular dose
- CrCl <10 mL/min: Administer 25-50% of regular dose
Hepatic impairment
- Use caution, not studied
Monitor
CBC, pulmonary function, LFTs, renal function
Adjust dose based on WBC counts; do not repeat dose until WBC >4000/mm³ & Plts >100000/mm³
Other Indications & Uses
Malignant gliomas
Off-label: pancreatic, liver, gastric, colorectal cancer; multiple myeloma; mycosis fungoides, psoriasis (topical)
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule
- 5mg
- 10mg
- 40mg
- 100mg
Brain Tumors
Round dose to nearest 5 mg
Compromised bone marrow: 100 mg/m² PO once q6week
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Round dose to nearest 5 mg
Compromised bone marrow: 100 mg/m² PO once q6week
Dosing Considerations
Pediatric use, including dose, is not based on adequate and well-controlled clinical studies, although it has approved indications for brain tumors and Hodgkin lymphoma
Dosage Modifications
For SI Units, convert full U.S. value by x 10^6/L
Do not repeat course until platelets >100000/mm³ and leukocytes >4000/mm³/
Give full dose if
- Leukocytes >3000/mm³
- Platelets >75000/mm³
Give 70% if
- Leukocytes: 2000-2999/mm³
- Platelets: 25000-74999/mm³
Give 50% if
- Leukocytes <1999/mm³
- Platelets <24999/mm³
Renal impairment
- CrCl >50 mL/min: Administer full dose
- CrCl 10-50 mL/min: Administer 75% of regular dose
- CrCl <10 mL/min: Administer 50% of regular dose
Hepatic impairment
- Use caution, not studied
Monitor
CBC, pulmonary function, LFTs, renal function
Adjust dose based on WBC counts; do not repeat dose until WBC >4000/mm³ & Plts >100000/mm³
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (13)
- BCG vaccine live
lomustine decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- cholera vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of cholera vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, intranasal
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, intranasal by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- measles (rubeola) vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of measles (rubeola) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live
lomustine decreases effects of measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live
lomustine decreases effects of measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- rotavirus oral vaccine, live
lomustine decreases effects of rotavirus oral vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- rubella vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of rubella vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- typhoid polysaccharide vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of typhoid polysaccharide vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- typhoid vaccine live
lomustine decreases effects of typhoid vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- varicella virus vaccine live
lomustine decreases effects of varicella virus vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- yellow fever vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of yellow fever vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- zoster vaccine live
lomustine decreases effects of zoster vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
Serious - Use Alternative (19)
- adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral
lomustine decreases effects of adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- axicabtagene ciloleucel
lomustine, axicabtagene ciloleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- brexucabtagene autoleucel
lomustine, brexucabtagene autoleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ciltacabtagene autoleucel
lomustine, ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- deferiprone
deferiprone, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid use of deferiprone with other drugs known to be associated with neutropenia or agranulocytosis; if an alternative is not possible, monitor absolute neutrophil count more frequently.
- fingolimod
lomustine and fingolimod both increase pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of fingolimod and other immunosuppressants when possible. If combined, closely monitor patients for additive immunosuppressant effects (eg, infections). When switching to fingolimod after discontinuation of another immunosuppressant, consider the duration of action of the discontinued drug to avoid additive immunosuppressive effects.
- idecabtagene vicleucel
lomustine, idecabtagene vicleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- lisocabtagene maraleucel
lomustine, lisocabtagene maraleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- lonafarnib
lomustine will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.
- natalizumab
lomustine and natalizumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- nivolumab
lomustine and nivolumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid use of immunosuppressants (eg, systemic corticosteroids) prior to initiation of nivolumab. Use of immunosuppressants after administration of nivolumab (eg, for treatment of immune-related adverse reactions) is unlikely to affect nivolumab efficacy.
- ocrelizumab
lomustine and ocrelizumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- ofatumumab
lomustine and ofatumumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- palifermin
palifermin increases toxicity of lomustine by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Palifermin should not be administered within 24 hrbefore, during infusion of, or within 24 hr after administration of antineoplastic agents. Coadministration of palifermin within 24 hr of chemotherapy resulted in increased severity and duration of oral mucositis.
- pimecrolimus
lomustine and pimecrolimus both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- ropeginterferon alfa 2b
ropeginterferon alfa 2b, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Myelosuppressive agents can produce additive myelosuppression. Avoid use and monitor patients receiving the combination for effects of excessive myelosuppression.
- smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live
lomustine decreases effects of smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- tisagenlecleucel
lomustine, tisagenlecleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- tofacitinib
lomustine will increase the level or effect of tofacitinib by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid use in combination with potent immunosuppressants; concurrent use with antirheumatic doses of methotrexate or nonbiologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is permitted. Agents considered as potent immunosuppressants are not specified, but lower corticosteroid doses (ie, equivalent to prednisone 10 mg/day or less), leflunomide, and antirheumatic doses of methotrexate were permitted in clinical studies.
Monitor Closely (108)
- acalabrutinib
acalabrutinib, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- adalimumab
lomustine and adalimumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- alemtuzumab
lomustine, alemtuzumab. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression.
- amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate
lomustine increases toxicity of amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for possible increases in renal toxicity, bronchospasm, and hypotension if amphotericin is given concomitantly with lomustine.
- amphotericin B deoxycholate
lomustine increases toxicity of amphotericin B deoxycholate by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for possible increases in renal toxicity, bronchospasm, and hypotension if amphotericin is given concomitantly with lomustine.
- amphotericin B liposomal
lomustine increases toxicity of amphotericin B liposomal by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for possible increases in renal toxicity, bronchospasm, and hypotension if amphotericin is given concomitantly with lomustine.
- amphotericin B phospholipid complex
lomustine increases toxicity of amphotericin B phospholipid complex by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for possible increases in renal toxicity, bronchospasm, and hypotension if amphotericin is given concomitantly with lomustine.
- anakinra
lomustine and anakinra both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- anthrax vaccine adsorbed
lomustine decreases effects of anthrax vaccine adsorbed by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- atogepant
lomustine will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- avapritinib
lomustine will increase the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- azathioprine
lomustine and azathioprine both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- belatacept
belatacept and lomustine both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor.
- belimumab
lomustine and belimumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- bendamustine
bendamustine, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- busulfan
busulfan, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- canakinumab
lomustine and canakinumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- carbamazepine
lomustine, carbamazepine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomustine may enhance the toxicities of myelosuppressive agents. Monitor for increased risk of myelosuppression.
carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of lomustine by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of enzyme inducing antiepileptics with lomustine may cause a decrease in plasma concentration and reduced efficacy of lomustine. - carboplatin
carboplatin, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- carmustine
carmustine, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- chlorambucil
chlorambucil, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- cholera vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of cholera vaccine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Immunosuppressive therapies, including irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs and corticosteroids (used in greater than physiologic doses), may reduce the immune response to cholera vaccine.
- cidofovir
lomustine, cidofovir. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomustine may enhance the toxicities of myelosuppressive agents. Monitor for increased risk of myelosuppression.
- cimetidine
cimetidine, lomustine. Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced myelotoxicity.
- cisplatin
cisplatin, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- clozapine
lomustine, clozapine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for neutropenia when taking clozapine and another myelosuppressive agent.
- cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
lomustine, cyclophosphamide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression. - dacarbazine
dacarbazine, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- dengue vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of dengue vaccine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Immunosuppressive therapies (eg, irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs, corticosteroids [greater than physiologic doses]) may reduce immune response to dengue vaccine.
- denosumab
lomustine, denosumab. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- dexrazoxane
lomustine, dexrazoxane. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- dinutuximab
lomustine, dinutuximab. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomustine may enhance the toxicities of myelosuppressive agents. Monitor for increased risk of myelosuppression.
- divalproex sodium
divalproex sodium will increase the level or effect of lomustine by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of valproic acid may inhibit metabolism and increase the toxicity of lomustine.
- echinacea
echinacea decreases effects of lomustine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Echinacea is reported possess immunostimulatory activity demonstrated by activation of macrophages (releasing interleukin-1), and proliferation of B-lymphocytes; theoretically, may oppose the therapeutic effects of immunosuppressants.
- etanercept
lomustine and etanercept both increase pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- finerenone
lomustine will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.
- fingolimod
lomustine increases effects of fingolimod by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects. .
- flibanserin
lomustine will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.
- flucytosine
lomustine, flucytosine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of lomustine by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of enzyme inducing antiepileptics with lomustine may cause a decrease in plasma concentration and reduced efficacy of lomustine.
- guselkumab
lomustine and guselkumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid vaccination during chemotherapy or radiation therapy if possible because antibody response might be suboptimal. Patients vaccinated within a 14-day period before starting or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated =3 months after therapy is discontinued if immune competence has been restored. .
- hepatitis A vaccine inactivated
lomustine decreases effects of hepatitis A vaccine inactivated by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- hepatitis a/b vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of hepatitis a/b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- hepatitis b vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of hepatitis b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- HIV vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of HIV vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent
lomustine decreases effects of human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- human papillomavirus vaccine, quadrivalent
lomustine decreases effects of human papillomavirus vaccine, quadrivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- hydroxyurea
lomustine, hydroxyurea. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase risk of myelosuppression.
lomustine, hydroxyurea. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression. - ifosfamide
ifosfamide, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- infliximab
lomustine and infliximab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- influenza A (H5N1) vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of influenza A (H5N1) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine (H5N1), adjuvanted
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine (H5N1), adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, cell-cultured
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, cell-cultured by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, recombinant
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, recombinant by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine trivalent
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- influenza virus vaccine trivalent, recombinant
lomustine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent, recombinant by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- interferon beta 1a
lomustine, interferon beta 1a. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- interferon beta 1b
lomustine, interferon beta 1b. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- interferon gamma 1b
lomustine, interferon gamma 1b. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- isavuconazonium sulfate
lomustine will increase the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
lomustine and isavuconazonium sulfate both decrease immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. - ivacaftor
lomustine increases levels of ivacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor when coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors .
- ixekizumab
lomustine and ixekizumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- leflunomide
lomustine increases toxicity of leflunomide by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider not using a leflunomide loading dose in patients receiving other immunosuppressants. Monitor for bone marrow suppression at least monthly in patients concomitantly using leflunomide and another immunosuppressant.
- lemborexant
lomustine will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.
- meningococcal A C Y and W-135 diphtheria conjugate vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of meningococcal A C Y and W-135 diphtheria conjugate vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- meningococcal A C Y and W-135 polysaccharide vaccine combined
lomustine decreases effects of meningococcal A C Y and W-135 polysaccharide vaccine combined by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- meningococcal group B vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of meningococcal group B vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- methotrexate
lomustine, methotrexate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression.
- midazolam intranasal
lomustine will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.
- mycophenolate
lomustine and mycophenolate both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- ofatumumab SC
ofatumumab SC, lomustine. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider the risk of additive immune system effects when coadministering immunosuppressive therapies with coadministration. When switching from therapies with immune effects, take into account the duration and mechanism of action of these therapies when initiating ofatumumab SC.
- olaparib
lomustine and olaparib both increase pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with other other myelosuppressive anticancer agents, including DNA damaging agents, may potentiate and prolongate the myelosuppressive toxicity.
- oxaliplatin
oxaliplatin, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- palifermin
palifermin increases toxicity of lomustine by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Palifermin should not be administered within 24 hr before, during infusion of, or within 24 hr after administration of antineoplastic agents. Coadministration of palifermin within 24 hr of chemotherapy resulted in increased severity and duration of oral mucositis.
- phenytoin
phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of lomustine by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of enzyme inducing antiepileptics with lomustine may cause a decrease in plasma concentration and reduced efficacy of lomustine.
lomustine will increase the level or effect of phenytoin by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of lomustine with phenytoin may decrease of phenytoin levels and seizure control. - pneumococcal vaccine 13-valent
lomustine decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine 13-valent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- pneumococcal vaccine heptavalent
lomustine decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine heptavalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent
lomustine decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- poliovirus vaccine inactivated
lomustine decreases effects of poliovirus vaccine inactivated by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid vaccination during chemotherapy or radiation therapy if possible because antibody response might be suboptimal. Patients vaccinated within a 14-day period before starting or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated =3 months after therapy is discontinued if immune competence has been restored. .
- rabies vaccine
lomustine decreases effects of rabies vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- rabies vaccine chick embryo cell derived
lomustine decreases effects of rabies vaccine chick embryo cell derived by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- roflumilast
roflumilast will increase the level or effect of lomustine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- sarilumab
lomustine and sarilumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- secukinumab
lomustine and secukinumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- siltuximab
lomustine and siltuximab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- siponimod
siponimod and lomustine both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution if coadministered because of additive immunosuppressive effects during such therapy and in the weeks following administration. When switching from drugs with prolonged immune effects, consider the half-life and mode of action of these drugs to avoid unintended additive immunosuppressive effects.
- sipuleucel-T
lomustine decreases effects of sipuleucel-T by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
lomustine and sipuleucel-T both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects. - sirolimus
lomustine, sirolimus. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression.
- streptozocin
lomustine, streptozocin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive myelosuppression.
- tacrolimus
lomustine and tacrolimus both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- tacrolimus ointment
lomustine and tacrolimus ointment both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- tazemetostat
lomustine will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- teriflunomide
lomustine and teriflunomide both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- tetanus toxoid adsorbed or fluid
lomustine decreases effects of tetanus toxoid adsorbed or fluid by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
- thiotepa
lomustine, thiotepa. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with lomustine may increase the risk of immunosuppression and myelosuppression.
- trastuzumab
trastuzumab, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .
- trastuzumab deruxtecan
trastuzumab deruxtecan, lomustine. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .
- triamcinolone acetonide extended-release injectable suspension
lomustine and triamcinolone acetonide extended-release injectable suspension both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension
lomustine and triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- ustekinumab
lomustine and ustekinumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- valproic acid
valproic acid will increase the level or effect of lomustine by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of valproic acid may inhibit metabolism and increase the toxicity of lomustine.
- vedolizumab
lomustine and vedolizumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects.
- zoster vaccine recombinant
lomustine decreases effects of zoster vaccine recombinant by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with immunosuppressant therapy reduced efficacy of the vaccine may occur. If possible, complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to initiation of immunosuppressant therapy. Patients vaccinated <14 days before initiation or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated at least 3 months after therapy is discontinued. .
Minor (4)
- digoxin
lomustine will decrease the level or effect of digoxin by Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Antineoplastic agents that cause significant mucositis/stomatitis may be more likely to impair digoxin tablet absorption
- ruxolitinib topical
lomustine will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- vitamin A
vitamin A, lomustine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Antioxidants such as vitamin A enhance the efficacy, and reduce toxicity, of antineoplastic drugs.
- vitamin E
vitamin E, lomustine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Antioxidants such as vitamin E enhance the efficacy, and reduce toxicity, of antineoplastic drugs.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Nausea (54%)
Vomiting (54%)
1-10%
Neurotoxicity
Myelosuppression (delayed 4-5 weeks)
Frequency Not Defined
Ataxia
Lethargy
Disorientation
Stomatitis
Mucositis
Pulmonary fibrosis (rare)
Pulmonary toxicity
Elevated LFTs
Leukemia
Renal toxicity
Hepatic toxicity
Infertility
Alopecia
Optic atrophy (rare)
Warnings
Black Box Warnings
Myelosuppression is delayed, dose-related, and cumulative; thrombocytopenia is generally more severe than leukopenia; may occur 4-6 weeks after drug administration and persist for 1- 2 weeks; thrombocytopenia and leucopenia may contribute to bleeding and overwhelming infections in an already compromised patient; monitor blood counts weekly for 6 or more weeks after a dose; do not give therapy more frequently than every 6 weeks; bone marrow toxicity is cumulative; adjust dose based on nadir blood counts from prior dosage
Therapy should be administered by experienced cancer physician; prescribe, dispense, and administer enough capsules for one dose; fatal toxicity occurs with overdosage; prescribe, dispense, and administer only enough capsules for one dose; both physician and pharmacist should emphasize to patient that only one dose of the drug is taken every 6 weeks
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Cautions
Causes myelosuppression that can result in fatal infections and bleeding; monitor blood counts for at least 6 weeks after each dose; do not give more frequently than q6wk due to delayed myelosuppression
Avoid pregnancy; can cause fetal harm; advise males and females of reproductive potential of potential risk to fetus and to use effective contraception; advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 3.5 months after the final dose; therapy may result in reduced fertility in males and females of reproductive potential
Hepatotoxicity reported; increased levels of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin can occur; monitor liver function
Can cause renal failure; monitor renal function
Delayed pulmonary toxicity may occur; pulmonary infiltrates and/or fibrosis may occur; perform pulmonary function tests prior to treatment and repeat frequently; permanently discontinue therapy in patients diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis
Secondary malignancies reported; acute leukemia and myelodysplasia can occur with long-term use
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category: D
Lactation: Unknown if metabolites present in breast milk; avoid nursing during treatment and for 2 weeks after final dose
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Not completely understood
Inhibition of DNA & RNA synthesis resulting from carbamylation of DNA polymerase, alkylation of DNA, and alteration of RNA proteins
Pharmacokinetics
Half-Life Elimination (biphasic): 16-24 hr (parent drug); 16-48 hr (active metabolite)
Peak plasma time: ~3 hr
Metabolism: Liver
Duration: 5-6 weeks (bone marrow recovery)
Excretion: Urine (50%); feces (<5%)
Administration
Oral Administration
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gleostine oral - | 10 mg capsule |  | |
| Gleostine oral - | 100 mg capsule |  | |
| Gleostine oral - | 40 mg capsule |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
lomustine oral
LOMUSTINE - ORAL
(loe-MUS-teen)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Ceenu, Gleostine
WARNING: Lomustine decreases bone marrow function, an effect (possibly fatal) that may lead to a low number of blood cells such as red cells, white cells, and platelets. This effect can cause anemia, decrease your body's ability to fight an infection, or cause easy bruising/bleeding. These side effects usually occur 4 to 6 weeks after your dose and may last for 1 to 2 weeks. Tell your doctor right away if you develop any of the following symptoms: unusual tiredness, pale skin, signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever, chills), easy bruising/bleeding.Your doctor will closely monitor you and perform weekly blood tests for at least 6 weeks after each dose. Your dose and any further treatment will be based on your blood tests. Due to serious side effects, do not take this medication more often than once every 6 weeks. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.
USES: This medication is used to treat various types of cancer. Lomustine belongs to a class of drugs known as alkylating agents. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells.
HOW TO USE: See also Warning section.Take this medication by mouth as a single dose as directed by your doctor, usually once every 6 weeks. Your dose may consist of 2 or more different strengths/colors of capsules. To prevent nausea and vomiting, take this medication on an empty stomach at least 1 hour before or 2 to 3 hours after a meal with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise. Swallow the capsules whole.The dosage is based on your medical condition, response to treatment, body size, and lab tests.Do not increase your dose or use this drug more often or for longer than prescribed. Your condition will not improve any faster, and your risk of side effects will increase.Wear rubber or latex gloves when you handle the capsules.Since this drug can be absorbed through the skin and lungs and may harm an unborn baby, women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant should not handle this medication or breathe the dust from the capsules.
SIDE EFFECTS: See also Warning section.Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, or mouth/lip sores may occur. Nausea and vomiting usually last for less than 24 hours and loss of appetite may last for several days. Nausea and vomiting can be severe. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting. Eating several small meals, not eating before treatment, or limiting activity may help lessen some of these effects. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Temporary hair loss may occur. Normal hair growth should return after treatment has ended.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: confusion, swelling of lower legs/feet, vision changes.Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: stomach/abdominal pain that doesn't go away, black stools, vomit that looks like coffee grounds, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine, signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine, pink urine).A severe (sometimes fatal) lung problem (pulmonary fibrosis) has occurred in people taking this drug. This condition can occur months to years after you start taking this medication. Get medical help right away if you experience any of these serious side effects: cough, chest pain, difficult/painful breathing.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking lomustine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: current infection, blood disorder (such as anemia, clotting problem), kidney disease, liver disease, lung disease.Lomustine can make you more likely to get infections or may make current infections worse. Stay away from anyone who has an infection that may easily spread (such as chickenpox, COVID-19, measles, flu). Talk to your doctor if you have been exposed to an infection or for more details.Tell your health care professional that you are using lomustine before having any immunizations/vaccinations. Avoid contact with people who have recently received live vaccines (such as flu vaccine inhaled through the nose).To lower the chance of getting cut, bruised, or injured, use caution with sharp objects like razors and nail cutters, and avoid activities such as contact sports.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using lomustine. Lomustine may harm an unborn baby. Women of childbearing age should ask about reliable forms of birth control while using this medication and for 2 weeks after the last dose. Men with female partners of childbearing age should use reliable forms of birth control while using this medication and for 4 months after the last dose. If you or your partner becomes pregnant, or think you may be pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication.Since this drug can be absorbed through the skin and lungs and may harm an unborn baby, women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant should not handle this medication or breathe the dust from the capsules.It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Because of the possible risk to the infant, breast-feeding while using this drug and for 2 weeks after treatment is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as complete blood count, kidney/liver/lung tests) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: It is important to take each dose of this medication as scheduled. If you miss a dose, ask your doctor or pharmacist right away for a new dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store in a tightly closed container at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid too much heat. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised March 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
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