enasidenib (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Idhifa

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatricGeriatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tablet

  • 50mg
  • 100mg

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Indicated for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) mutation as detected by an FDA-approved test

100 mg PO qDay until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity

In patients without disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, treat for ≥6 months to allow time for clinical response

Dosage Modifications

Differentiation syndrome

  • If differentiation syndrome suspected, administer systemic corticosteroids; initiate hemodynamic monitoring
  • Interrupt therapy if pulmonary symptoms (eg, intubation/ventilator support) and/or renal dysfunction persists for >48 hr post corticosteroid initiation
  • Resume once signs/symptoms improve to Grade ≤2 (mild-moderate)

Noninfectious leukocytosis (WBC >30,000 mcL)

  • Initiate hydroxyurea, as per standard institutional guidelines
  • Interrupt therapy if no improvement of leukocytosis after initiating hydroxyurea
  • Resume at 100 mg/day when WBC <30,000 mcL

Bilirubin elevated >3x ULN

  • If sustained for ≥2 weeks without elevated AST/ALT or other hepatic disorders, reduce dose to 50 mg/day
  • Resume at 100 mg/day if bilirubin elevation resolves to ≤2x ULN

Other Grade ≥3 toxicities (eg, tumor lysis syndrome)

  • Interrupt therapy until toxicity resolve Grade ≤2
  • If toxicities resolve (Grade ≤1), resume at 50 mg/day; may increase to 100 mg/day
  • If Grade≥3 recurs, discontinue

Dosing Considerations

Monitoring parameters

  • Assess baseline blood cell counts and chemistries for leukocytosis and tumor lysis syndrome before initiation; monitor at least q2week for at least first 3 months of treatment

Patient selection

Safety and efficacy not established

No dosage adjustment required

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and enasidenib

No Results

     activity indicator 
    No Interactions Found
    Interactions Found

    Contraindicated

      Serious - Use Alternative

        Significant - Monitor Closely

          Minor

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            Contraindicated (0)

              Serious - Use Alternative (0)

                Monitor Closely (0)

                  Minor (5)

                  • dienogest/estradiol valerate

                    enasidenib, dienogest/estradiol valerate. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

                  • drospirenone

                    enasidenib, drospirenone. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

                  • ethinylestradiol

                    enasidenib, ethinylestradiol. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

                  • levonorgestrel oral

                    enasidenib, levonorgestrel oral. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

                  • levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate

                    enasidenib, levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

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                  Adverse Effects

                  >10%

                  All grades

                  • Total bilirubin increased (81%)
                  • Calcium decreased (74%)
                  • Nausea (50%)
                  • Diarrhea (43%)
                  • Potassium decreased (41%)
                  • Vomiting (34%)
                  • Decreased appetite (34%)
                  • Phosphorus decreased (27%)
                  • Differentiation syndrome (14%)
                  • Noninfectious leukocytosis (12%)
                  • Dysgeusia (12%)

                  Grade 3 or 4

                  • Total bilirubin increased (15%)
                  • Potassium decreased (15%)

                  1-10%

                  All grades

                  • Pulmonary edema (≤10%)
                  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (≤10%)
                  • Tumor lysis syndrome (6%)

                  Grade 3 or 4

                  • Diarrhea (8%)
                  • Calcium decreased (8%)
                  • Phosphorus decreased (8%)
                  • Differentiation syndrome (7%)
                  • Tumor lysis syndrome (6%)
                  • Noninfectious leukocytosis (6%)
                  • Nausea (5%)
                  • Decreased appetite (4%)
                  • Vomiting (2%)
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                  Warnings

                  Black Box Warnings

                  Differentiation syndrome

                  • In the clinical trial, 14% of patients treated with enasidenib experienced symptoms of differentiation syndrome, which can be fatal if not treated
                  • Symptoms may include fever, dyspnea, acute respiratory distress, pulmonary infiltrates, pleural or pericardial effusions, rapid weight gain or peripheral edema, lymphadenopathy, bone pain, and hepatic, renal, or multiorgan dysfunction
                  • Differentiation syndrome has been observed with and without concomitant hyperleukocytosis, as early as 1 day and at up to 5 months after initiating enasidenib
                  • If differentiation syndrome is suspected, initiate corticosteroid therapy and hemodynamic monitoring until symptom resolution
                  • Taper corticosteroids only after resolution of symptoms; differentiation syndrome symptoms may recur with premature discontinuation of corticosteroids
                  • If severe pulmonary symptoms requiring intubation or ventilator support and/or renal dysfunction persist for >48 hr after initiation of corticosteroids, interrupt enasidenib until signs and symptoms are no longer severe
                  • Hospitalization for close observation and monitoring of patients with pulmonary and/or renal manifestation is recommended

                  Contraindications

                  None

                  Cautions

                  Differentiation syndrome reported, which can be fatal if not treated

                  Based on animal embryofetal toxicity studies, can cause embryofetal harm when administered to pregnant women

                  Drug interaction overview

                  • OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and BCRP substrates
                    • Enasidenib is an OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and BCRP inhibitor
                    • Coadministration with OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and BCRP substrates will increase effects and toxicities of these substrates
                    • Decrease dose of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and BCRP substrate(s) as recommended in respective prescribing information, and as clinically indicated
                  • P-gp substrates
                    • Enasidenib is a P-gp inhibitor
                    • Coadministration with P-gp substrates will increase effects and toxicities of these substrates
                    • For a sensitive P-gp substrate may lead to serious adverse reactions, decrease dose or modify dosing frequency of such a P-gp substrate and monitor for adverse reactions as recommended in respective prescribing information
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                  Pregnancy

                  Pregnancy

                  Based on animal embryofetal toxicity studies, fetal harm may occur when administered to pregnant females

                  No data available on use in pregnant females to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage

                  Animal data

                  • Oral administration of enasidenib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis was associated with embryofetal mortality and alterations to growth starting at 0.1 times the steady state clinical exposure based on the AUC at the recommended human dosage
                  • If used during pregnancy, or if patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, advise of the potential risk to a fetus

                  Infertility

                  • Based on findings in animals, fertility may be impaired in females and males of reproductive potential
                  • Unknown whether effects on fertility are reversible

                  Contraception

                  Females of reproductive potential
                  • Avoid becoming pregnant while receiving enasidenib
                  • Use effective contraception during treatment with enasidenib and for at least 2 month after the last dose
                  • Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives; the clinical significance is unknown at this time
                  Males with female partners of reproductive potential
                  • Use effective contraception during treatment with enasidenib and for at least 2 month after the last dose

                  Lactation

                  There are no data on the presence of enasidenib or its metabolites in human milk, effects on the breastfed infants, or effects on milk production

                  Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with enasidenib and for at least 2 months after last dose

                  Pregnancy Categories

                  A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

                  B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

                  C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

                  D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

                  X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

                  NA: Information not available.

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                  Pharmacology

                  Mechanism of Action

                  Oral, reversible, selective isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 enzyme (IDH2) inhibitor; inhibits mutant IDH2 enzyme, which decreases 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) levels and induces myeloid differentiation in vitro

                  Enasidenib may have clinical activity in IDH2-mutant AML through the reduction of 2-HG levels and the induction of blast differentiation

                  Absorption

                  Peak plasma concentration: 1.3 mcg/mL (single dose); 13 mcg/mL (steady state)

                  Peak plasma time: 4 hr

                  Bioavailability: ~ 57%

                  Time to steady state: 29 days

                  Distribution

                  Vd: 55.8 L

                  Protein bound, in vitro: 98.5% (enasidenib); 96.6% (metabolite; AGI-16903)

                  Metabolism

                  Metabolized by multiple CYP enzymes (eg, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4) and by multiple UGTs (eg, UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, and UGT2B15)

                  Metabolite AGI-16903 metabolized by similar enzymes (eg, CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, UGT1A1, UGT1A3, and UGT1A9)

                  Elimination

                  Half-life: 137 hr

                  Total body clearance: 0.74 L/hr

                  Excretion: feces (89%); urine (11%)

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                  Administration

                  Oral Administration

                  Take at the same time each day; may be taken with or without food

                  Do not chew or split the tablet; swallow tablets whole with a cup of water

                  Missed dose

                  • Administer as soon as possible on the same day
                  • If close to the following dose, skip missed dose and take current dose
                  • Do not take 2 doses at the same time

                  Storage

                  Store at room temperature at 68-77ºF (20-25ºC); excursions permitted to 59-86ºF (15-30ºC)

                  Keep bottle tightly closed with desiccant canister inside original bottle to protect from moisture

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                  Images

                  BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
                  Idhifa oral
                  -
                  100 mg tablet
                  Idhifa oral
                  -
                  50 mg tablet

                  Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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                  Patient Handout

                  A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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                  Formulary

                  FormularyPatient Discounts

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                  The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

                  Tier Description
                  1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
                  2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
                  3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
                  4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
                  Code Definition
                  PA Prior Authorization
                  Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
                  QL Quantity Limits
                  Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
                  ST Step Therapy
                  Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
                  OR Other Restrictions
                  Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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                  Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.