indomethacin (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Indocin, Indocin SR, more...Tivorbex

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatricGeriatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

capsule

  • 20mg (Tivorbex)
  • 25mg
  • 40mg (Tivorbex)
  • 50mg

capsule, extended-release

  • 75mg

powder for injection

  • 1mg

oral suspension

  • 25mg/5mL

suppository

  • 50mg

Inflammatory/Rheumatoid Disorders

Immediate release: 25-50 mg PO/PR q8-12hr; not to exceed 200 mg/day

Extended release: 75-150 mg/day PO in single daily dose or divided q12hr; not to exceed 150 mg/day

Bursitis/Tendinitis

Immediate-release: 75-150 mg/day PO/PR divided q6-8hr

Extended-release: 75-150 mg/day PO in single daily dose or divided q12hr

Acute Gouty Arthritis

50 mg PO/PR q8hr for 3-5 days; reduced once pain is under control

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

2 mg/kg/day PO divided q8hr

Pain

Tivorbex: Indicated for mild-to-moderate acute pain

20 mg PO TID or 40 mg PO BID/TID

Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals

Dosage Forms & Strengths

capsule

  • 25mg
  • 50mg

capsule, extended-release

  • 75mg

powder for injection

  • 1mg

oral suspension

  • 25mg/5mL

suppository

  • 50mg

Inflammatory/Rheumatoid Disorders

<2 years: Safety and efficacy not established

2-14 years: 1-2 mg/kg/day PO divided q6-12hr; not to exceed 4 mg/kg/day or 150-200 mg/day  

>14 years: 25-50 mg IR PO/PR q8-12hr; not to exceed 200 mg/day; 75-150 mg/day ER PO in single daily dose or divided q12hr; not to exceed 150 mg/day

Closure of Ductus Arteriosus

Neonates <28 days: 0.2 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes initially, THEN 2 subsequent doses, depending on postnatal age  

Doses 2 and 3 (<48 hours): 0.1 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes at 12 and 24hr intervals

Doses 2 and 3 (2-7 days): 0.2 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes at 12 and 24hr intervals

Doses 2 and 3 (>7 days): 0.25 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes at 12 and 24hr intervals

After dose 3 (infants <1.5 kg): 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes once daily for 3-5 days

Monitor renal function (drug is renally excreted); decreased renal function more likely in elderly

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) producing mostly central nervous system (CNS) adverse reactions in elderly

Lowest dose and frequency recommended

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

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              Serious - Use Alternative (23)

              • aminolevulinic acid oral

                aminolevulinic acid oral, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid administering other phototoxic drugs with aminolevulinic acid oral for 24 hr during perioperative period.

              • aminolevulinic acid topical

                indomethacin, aminolevulinic acid topical. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.

              • apixaban

                indomethacin and apixaban both increase anticoagulation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • benazepril

                indomethacin, benazepril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • captopril

                indomethacin, captopril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • enalapril

                indomethacin, enalapril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • erdafitinib

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of erdafitinib by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If unable to avoid coadministration with strong CYP2C9 inhibitors, monitor closely for adverse reactions and consider decreasing dose accordingly. If strong CYP2C9 inhibitor is discontinued, consider increasing erdafitinib dose in the absence of any drug-related toxicities.

              • fosinopril

                indomethacin, fosinopril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • ketorolac

                indomethacin, ketorolac. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                indomethacin, ketorolac intranasal. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated.

              • lisinopril

                indomethacin, lisinopril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • macimorelin

                indomethacin, macimorelin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Drugs that directly affect the pituitary secretion of growth hormone (GH) may impact the accuracy of the macimorelin diagnostic test. Allow sufficient washout time of drugs affecting GH release before administering macimorelin. .

              • methotrexate

                indomethacin increases levels of methotrexate by decreasing renal clearance. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant administration of NSAIDs with high dose methotrexate has been reported to elevate and prolong serum methotrexate levels, resulting in deaths from severe hematologic and GI toxicity. NSAIDs may reduce tubular secretion of methotrexate and enhance toxicity. .

              • methyl aminolevulinate

                indomethacin, methyl aminolevulinate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.

              • moexipril

                indomethacin, moexipril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • pemetrexed

                indomethacin increases levels of pemetrexed by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • perindopril

                indomethacin, perindopril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • quinapril

                indomethacin, quinapril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • ramipril

                indomethacin, ramipril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • siponimod

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of siponimod by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of siponimod with drugs that cause moderate CYP2C9 AND a moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibition is not recommended. Caution if siponimod coadministered with moderate CYP2C9 inhibitors alone.

              • tacrolimus

                indomethacin, tacrolimus. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Concomitant administration increases risk of nephrotoxicity.

              • trandolapril

                indomethacin, trandolapril. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may result in a significant decrease in renal function. NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The mechanism of these interactions is likely related to the ability of NSAIDs to reduce the synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins.

              • zavegepant intranasal

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of zavegepant intranasal by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. NTCP inhibitors may result in a significant increase in systemic exposure of zavegepant (a NTCP substrate).

              Monitor Closely (247)

              • acebutolol

                acebutolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of acebutolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • aceclofenac

                aceclofenac and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aceclofenac and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • acemetacin

                acemetacin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                acemetacin and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • agrimony

                indomethacin and agrimony both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • albuterol

                indomethacin increases and albuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • alfalfa

                indomethacin and alfalfa both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • alfuzosin

                indomethacin decreases effects of alfuzosin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • aliskiren

                indomethacin will decrease the level or effect of aliskiren by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. In patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or with compromised renal function, coadministration of NSAIDs with drugs that affect RAAS may increase the risk of renal impairment (including acute renal failure) and cause loss of antihypertensive effect. Monitor renal function periodically.

              • alteplase

                indomethacin and alteplase both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased risk of bleeding, caution is advised.

              • American ginseng

                indomethacin and American ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • amiloride

                amiloride and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • antithrombin alfa

                antithrombin alfa and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • antithrombin III

                antithrombin III and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • arformoterol

                indomethacin increases and arformoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • argatroban

                argatroban and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • asenapine

                indomethacin decreases effects of asenapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • aspirin

                aspirin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aspirin rectal

                aspirin rectal and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin rectal and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • atenolol

                atenolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • azficel-T

                azficel-T, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Patients taking NSAIDS may experience increased bruising or bleeding at biopsy and/or injection sites. Concomitant use of NSAIDs is not recommended.

              • azilsartan

                indomethacin, azilsartan. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

                indomethacin decreases effects of azilsartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              • bemiparin

                bemiparin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • benazepril

                benazepril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                indomethacin increases and bendroflumethiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • betaxolol

                betaxolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of betaxolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • betrixaban

                indomethacin, betrixaban. Either increases levels of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bimatoprost

                bimatoprost, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).

              • bisoprolol

                bisoprolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of bisoprolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • bivalirudin

                bivalirudin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • budesonide

                indomethacin, budesonide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • bumetanide

                indomethacin increases and bumetanide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of bumetanide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • candesartan

                candesartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of candesartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                candesartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • captopril

                captopril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • carbenoxolone

                indomethacin increases and carbenoxolone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • carvedilol

                carvedilol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of carvedilol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • celecoxib

                celecoxib and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                celecoxib and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • celiprolol

                celiprolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of celiprolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • chlorothiazide

                indomethacin increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • chlorpropamide

                indomethacin increases effects of chlorpropamide by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

              • chlorthalidone

                indomethacin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                indomethacin and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • cinnamon

                indomethacin and cinnamon both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ciprofloxacin

                indomethacin, ciprofloxacin. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Mechanism: unknown. Increased risk of CNS stimulation and seizures with high doses of fluoroquinolones.

              • citalopram

                citalopram, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. If possible, avoid concurrent use.

              • clomipramine

                clomipramine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. Clomipramine inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • clopidogrel

                clopidogrel, indomethacin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

              • cordyceps

                indomethacin and cordyceps both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • cortisone

                indomethacin, cortisone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • cyclopenthiazide

                indomethacin increases and cyclopenthiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • cyclosporine

                indomethacin, cyclosporine. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • dabigatran

                dabigatran and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution is advised, both drugs have the potential to cause bleeding. Concomitant use may increase risk of bleeding.

              • dalteparin

                dalteparin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • dasiglucagon

                indomethacin decreases effects of dasiglucagon by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • deferasirox

                deferasirox, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase GI bleeding, ulceration and irritation. Use with caution.

              • defibrotide

                defibrotide increases effects of indomethacin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Defibrotide may enhance effects of platelet inhibitors.

              • deflazacort

                indomethacin, deflazacort. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • dexamethasone

                indomethacin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • diclofenac

                diclofenac and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                diclofenac and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • diflunisal

                diflunisal and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                diflunisal and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • digoxin

                indomethacin and digoxin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dobutamine

                indomethacin increases and dobutamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dong quai

                indomethacin and dong quai both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dopexamine

                indomethacin increases and dopexamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • doxazosin

                indomethacin decreases effects of doxazosin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • dronabinol

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of dronabinol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dronabinol is a CYP2C9 substrate.

              • drospirenone

                drospirenone and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • duloxetine

                duloxetine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • edoxaban

                edoxaban, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Both drugs have the potential to cause bleeding, monitor closely. Promptly evaluate any signs or symptoms of blood loss.

              • eltrombopag

                eltrombopag increases levels of indomethacin by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. UGT inhibition; significance of interaction unclear.

              • eluxadoline

                indomethacin increases levels of eluxadoline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. As a precautionary measure due to incomplete information on the metabolism of eluxadoline, use caution when coadministered with strong CYP2C9/10 inhibitors.

              • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

                elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Toxicity may result from coadministration of emtricitabine and tenofovir with other drugs that are also primarily excreted by glomerular filtration and/or active tubular secretion including high-dose or multiple-dose NSAIDs; alternatives to NSAIDs should be considered.

              • emtricitabine

                emtricitabine, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Toxicity may result from coadministration of emtricitabine with other drugs that are also primarily excreted by glomerular filtration and/or active tubular secretion including high-dose or multiple-dose NSAIDs; alternatives to NSAIDs should be considered.

              • enalapril

                enalapril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • enoxaparin

                enoxaparin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • ephedrine

                indomethacin increases and ephedrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine

                indomethacin increases and epinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine racemic

                indomethacin increases and epinephrine racemic decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epoprostenol

                indomethacin and epoprostenol both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • eprosartan

                eprosartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of eprosartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                eprosartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • escitalopram

                escitalopram, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • esmolol

                esmolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of esmolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • ethacrynic acid

                indomethacin increases and ethacrynic acid decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • etodolac

                etodolac and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                etodolac and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fennel

                indomethacin and fennel both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fenoprofen

                fenoprofen and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                fenoprofen and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • feverfew

                indomethacin and feverfew both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fish oil triglycerides

                fish oil triglycerides will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Prolonged bleeding reported in patients taking antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants and oral omega-3 fatty acids. Periodically monitor bleeding time in patients receiving fish oil triglycerides and concomitant antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants.

              • fludrocortisone

                indomethacin, fludrocortisone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • fluoxetine

                fluoxetine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • flurbiprofen

                flurbiprofen and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                flurbiprofen and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fluvoxamine

                fluvoxamine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • fondaparinux

                fondaparinux and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • formoterol

                indomethacin increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • forskolin

                indomethacin and forskolin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fosinopril

                fosinopril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • furosemide

                indomethacin increases and furosemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • garlic

                indomethacin and garlic both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • gemifloxacin

                gemifloxacin, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Increased risk of CNS stimulation and seizures with high doses of fluoroquinolones.

              • gentamicin

                indomethacin increases and gentamicin decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ginger

                indomethacin and ginger both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ginkgo biloba

                indomethacin and ginkgo biloba both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • glimepiride

                indomethacin increases effects of glimepiride by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

              • glipizide

                indomethacin increases effects of glipizide by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

              • glucagon

                indomethacin decreases effects of glucagon by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. In patients taking indomethacin, glucagon may lose its ability to raise blood glucose or may even produce hypoglycemia.

              • glucagon intranasal

                indomethacin decreases effects of glucagon intranasal by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. In patients taking indomethacin, glucagon may lose its ability to raise blood glucose or may even produce hypoglycemia.

              • glyburide

                indomethacin increases effects of glyburide by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

                indomethacin increases levels of glyburide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong CYP2C9 inhibitors may decrease glyburide metabolism.

              • green tea

                green tea, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase risk of bleeding.

              • heparin

                heparin and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • horse chestnut seed

                indomethacin and horse chestnut seed both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • hydralazine

                indomethacin decreases effects of hydralazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                indomethacin increases and hydrochlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • hydrocortisone

                indomethacin, hydrocortisone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • ibrutinib

                ibrutinib will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Ibrutinib may increase the risk of hemorrhage in patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapies and monitor for signs of bleeding.

              • ibuprofen

                ibuprofen and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ibuprofen and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ibuprofen IV

                ibuprofen IV will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ibuprofen IV and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ibuprofen IV and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • imatinib

                imatinib, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Imatinib may cause thrombocytopenia; bleeding risk increased when imatinib is coadministered with anticoagulants, NSAIDs, platelet inhibitors, and thrombolytic agents.

              • indapamide

                indomethacin increases and indapamide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • irbesartan

                irbesartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of irbesartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                irbesartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • isoproterenol

                indomethacin increases and isoproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketoprofen

                indomethacin and ketoprofen both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and ketoprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketorolac

                indomethacin and ketorolac both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and ketorolac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                indomethacin and ketorolac intranasal both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and ketorolac intranasal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • labetalol

                labetalol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of labetalol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • lacosamide

                indomethacin increases levels of lacosamide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider decreasing lacosamide dose when coadministered with strong CYP2C9 inhibitors.

              • latanoprost

                latanoprost, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).

              • latanoprostene bunod ophthalmic

                latanoprostene bunod ophthalmic, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).

              • lesinurad

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of lesinurad by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • levalbuterol

                indomethacin increases and levalbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • levofloxacin

                levofloxacin, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Risk of CNS stimulation/seizure. Mechanism: Displacement of GABA from receptors in brain.

              • levomilnacipran

                levomilnacipran, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs may further impair platelet activity in patients taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.

              • lisinopril

                lisinopril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • lithium

                indomethacin increases levels of lithium by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lornoxicam

                indomethacin and lornoxicam both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and lornoxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • losartan

                losartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of losartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                losartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • mavacamten

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of mavacamten by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Inititiation of weak CYP2C19 inhibitors may require decreased mavacamten dose.

              • meclofenamate

                meclofenamate and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                meclofenamate and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mefenamic acid

                indomethacin and mefenamic acid both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and mefenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • melatonin

                melatonin increases effects of indomethacin by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Melatonin may decrease prothrombin time.

              • meloxicam

                indomethacin and meloxicam both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and meloxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mesalamine

                mesalamine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive nephrotoxicity.

              • metaproterenol

                indomethacin increases and metaproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • methyclothiazide

                indomethacin increases and methyclothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • methylprednisolone

                indomethacin, methylprednisolone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • metolazone

                indomethacin increases and metolazone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metoprolol

                metoprolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of metoprolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • milnacipran

                milnacipran, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • mipomersen

                mipomersen, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Both drugs have potential to increase hepatic enzymes; monitor LFTs.

              • mistletoe

                indomethacin increases and mistletoe decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • moexipril

                moexipril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • moxifloxacin

                moxifloxacin, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Increased risk of CNS stimulation and seizures with high doses of fluoroquinolones.

              • moxisylyte

                indomethacin decreases effects of moxisylyte by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • mycophenolate

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of mycophenolate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nabumetone

                indomethacin and nabumetone both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and nabumetone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nadolol

                nadolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of nadolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • naproxen

                indomethacin and naproxen both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and naproxen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nebivolol

                nebivolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of nebivolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • nefazodone

                nefazodone, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • nettle

                indomethacin increases and nettle decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • norepinephrine

                indomethacin increases and norepinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • olmesartan

                olmesartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of olmesartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                olmesartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • ospemifene

                indomethacin increases levels of ospemifene by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin, ospemifene. Either increases levels of the other by plasma protein binding competition. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • oxaprozin

                indomethacin and oxaprozin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and oxaprozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • panax ginseng

                indomethacin and panax ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • parecoxib

                indomethacin and parecoxib both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and parecoxib both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • paroxetine

                paroxetine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • pau d'arco

                indomethacin and pau d'arco both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pegaspargase

                pegaspargase increases effects of indomethacin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of bleeding events.

              • peginterferon alfa 2b

                peginterferon alfa 2b decreases levels of indomethacin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. When patients are administered peginterferon alpha-2b with CYP2C9 substrates, the therapeutic effect of these drugs may be altered.

              • penbutolol

                penbutolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of penbutolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • perindopril

                perindopril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • phenindione

                phenindione and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • phenoxybenzamine

                indomethacin decreases effects of phenoxybenzamine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • phentolamine

                indomethacin decreases effects of phentolamine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • phytoestrogens

                indomethacin and phytoestrogens both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pindolol

                pindolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of pindolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • pirbuterol

                indomethacin increases and pirbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • piroxicam

                indomethacin and piroxicam both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and piroxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pivmecillinam

                pivmecillinam, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

                pivmecillinam, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • potassium acid phosphate

                indomethacin and potassium acid phosphate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium chloride

                indomethacin and potassium chloride both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium citrate

                indomethacin and potassium citrate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium iodide

                potassium iodide and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pralatrexate

                indomethacin increases levels of pralatrexate by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs may delay pralatrexate clearance, increasing drug exposure. Adjust the pralatrexate dose as needed.

              • prasugrel

                indomethacin, prasugrel. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Chronic use of NSAIDs with prasugrel may increase bleeding risk.

              • prazosin

                indomethacin decreases effects of prazosin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • prednisolone

                indomethacin, prednisolone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • prednisone

                indomethacin, prednisone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • pretomanid

                pretomanid will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. In vitro studies demonstrated that pretomanid significantly inhibits OAT3; monitor for increased adverse effects and consider dosage reduction for OAT3 substrates.

              • probenecid

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of probenecid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • propranolol

                propranolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of propranolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • protamine

                protamine and indomethacin both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • quinapril

                quinapril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • ramipril

                ramipril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • reishi

                indomethacin and reishi both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • reteplase

                indomethacin and reteplase both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased risk of bleeding, caution is advised.

              • rivaroxaban

                rivaroxaban, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: NSAIDs are known to increase bleeding. Bleeding risk may be increased when NSAIDs are used concomitantly with rivaroxaban. Monitor for signs/symptoms of blood loss.

              • rivastigmine

                rivastigmine increases toxicity of indomethacin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor patients for symptoms of active or occult gastrointestinal bleeding.

              • sacubitril/valsartan

                sacubitril/valsartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sacubitril/valsartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

                indomethacin decreases effects of sacubitril/valsartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                indomethacin and salicylates (non-asa) both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and salicylates (non-asa) both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salmeterol

                indomethacin increases and salmeterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salsalate

                indomethacin and salsalate both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and salsalate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • saw palmetto

                saw palmetto increases toxicity of indomethacin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. May increase risk of bleeding.

              • sertraline

                sertraline, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • Siberian ginseng

                indomethacin and Siberian ginseng both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • silodosin

                indomethacin decreases effects of silodosin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid

                indomethacin, sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May be associated with fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

              • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride

                sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of indomethacin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol

                indomethacin, sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution when bowel preps are used with drugs that cause SIADH or NSAIDs; increased risk for water retention or electrolyte imbalance.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

                sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of indomethacin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sotalol

                sotalol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of sotalol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • sparsentan

                indomethacin and sparsentan both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of NSAIDS, including selective COX-2 inhibitors, may result in deterioration of kidney function (eg, possible kidney failure). Monitor for signs of worsening renal function with concomitant use with NSAIDs.

              • spironolactone

                spironolactone and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • succinylcholine

                indomethacin and succinylcholine both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sulfasalazine

                indomethacin and sulfasalazine both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and sulfasalazine both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sulindac

                indomethacin and sulindac both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and sulindac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tafluprost

                tafluprost, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).

              • telmisartan

                telmisartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of telmisartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                telmisartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • temocillin

                temocillin, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

                temocillin, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tenecteplase

                indomethacin and tenecteplase both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased risk of bleeding, caution is advised.

              • tenofovir DF

                tenofovir DF, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Toxicity may result from coadministration of tenofovir DF with other drugs that are also primarily excreted by glomerular filtration and/or active tubular secretion including high-dose or multiple-dose NSAIDs; alternatives to NSAIDs should be considered.

              • terazosin

                indomethacin decreases effects of terazosin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • terbinafine

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of terbinafine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • terbutaline

                indomethacin increases and terbutaline decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ticagrelor

                ticagrelor, indomethacin. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of bleeding with use of ticagrelor and chronic NSAID use. .

              • ticarcillin

                ticarcillin, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ticarcillin, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • timolol

                timolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of timolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • tolazamide

                indomethacin increases effects of tolazamide by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

              • tolbutamide

                indomethacin increases effects of tolbutamide by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypoglycemia.

              • tolfenamic acid

                indomethacin and tolfenamic acid both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and tolfenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolmetin

                indomethacin and tolmetin both increase anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin and tolmetin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolvaptan

                indomethacin and tolvaptan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • torsemide

                indomethacin increases and torsemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • trandolapril

                trandolapril, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • travoprost ophthalmic

                travoprost ophthalmic, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).

              • trazodone

                trazodone, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

                indomethacin, triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of NSAIDS and corticosteroids increases the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. .

              • triamterene

                triamterene and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • valsartan

                valsartan and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                indomethacin decreases effects of valsartan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. NSAIDs decrease synthesis of vasodilating renal prostaglandins, and thus affect fluid homeostasis and may diminish antihypertensive effect.

                valsartan, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May result in renal function deterioration, particularly in elderly or volume depleted individuals.

              • venlafaxine

                venlafaxine, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of upper GI bleeding. SSRIs inhib. serotonin uptake by platelets.

              • vitamin K1 (phytonadione)

                indomethacin increases and vitamin K1 (phytonadione) decreases anticoagulation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • voclosporin

                voclosporin, indomethacin. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with drugs associated with nephrotoxicity may increase the risk for acute and/or chronic nephrotoxicity.

              • vorapaxar

                indomethacin, vorapaxar. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive antiplatelet effect may occur.

              • vortioxetine

                indomethacin, vortioxetine. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • warfarin

                indomethacin, warfarin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Drugs with antiplatelet properties may increase anticoagulation effect of warfarin.

              • zanubrutinib

                indomethacin, zanubrutinib. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Zanubrutinib-induced cytopenias increases risk of hemorrhage. Coadministration of zanubritinib with antiplatelets or anticoagulants may further increase this risk.

              • zotepine

                indomethacin decreases effects of zotepine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              Minor (82)

              • aceclofenac

                aceclofenac will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acemetacin

                acemetacin will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acyclovir

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of acyclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • alendronate

                indomethacin, alendronate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

              • amikacin

                indomethacin increases levels of amikacin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • aminohippurate sodium

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of aminohippurate sodium by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • anamu

                indomethacin and anamu both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin

                aspirin will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin rectal

                aspirin rectal will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • balsalazide

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of balsalazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                bendroflumethiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefadroxil

                cefadroxil will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefamandole

                cefamandole will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefpirome

                cefpirome will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ceftibuten

                ceftibuten will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • celecoxib

                celecoxib will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cephalexin

                cephalexin will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorothiazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorpropamide

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of chlorpropamide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorthalidone

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of choline magnesium trisalicylate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chromium

                indomethacin increases levels of chromium by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • creatine

                creatine, indomethacin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. (Theoretical interaction) Combination may have additive nephrotoxic effects.

              • cyclopenthiazide

                cyclopenthiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • danshen

                indomethacin and danshen both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • devil's claw

                indomethacin and devil's claw both increase anticoagulation. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • diclofenac

                diclofenac will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • diclofenac topical

                diclofenac topical, indomethacin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Although low, there is systemic exposure to diclofenac topical; theoretically, concomitant administration with systemic NSAIDS or aspirin may result in increased NSAID adverse effects.

              • diflunisal

                diflunisal will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • digoxin

                indomethacin increases levels of digoxin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • eplerenone

                indomethacin decreases effects of eplerenone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • etodolac

                etodolac will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fenoprofen

                fenoprofen will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • feverfew

                indomethacin decreases effects of feverfew by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • flurbiprofen

                flurbiprofen will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • furosemide

                indomethacin decreases effects of furosemide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • ganciclovir

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of ganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • gentamicin

                indomethacin increases levels of gentamicin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • haloperidol

                indomethacin increases toxicity of haloperidol by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                hydrochlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ibuprofen

                ibuprofen will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • imidapril

                indomethacin decreases effects of imidapril by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • indapamide

                indapamide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketoprofen

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of ketoprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of ketorolac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of ketorolac intranasal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • lornoxicam

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of lornoxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meclofenamate

                meclofenamate will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mefenamic acid

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of mefenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meloxicam

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of meloxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mesalamine

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of mesalamine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • methyclothiazide

                methyclothiazide will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • metolazone

                metolazone will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nabumetone

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of nabumetone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • naproxen

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of naproxen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • neomycin PO

                indomethacin increases levels of neomycin PO by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • nitazoxanide

                nitazoxanide, indomethacin. Either increases levels of the other by Mechanism: plasma protein binding competition. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • noni juice

                indomethacin and noni juice both increase serum potassium. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ofloxacin

                ofloxacin, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Risk of CNS stimulation/seizure. Mechanism: Displacement of GABA from receptors in brain.

              • oxaprozin

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of oxaprozin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • parecoxib

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of parecoxib by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • paromomycin

                indomethacin increases levels of paromomycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • piroxicam

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of piroxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • rose hips

                rose hips will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of salicylates (non-asa) by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • salsalate

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of salsalate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • streptomycin

                indomethacin increases levels of streptomycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • sulfadiazine

                indomethacin increases levels of sulfadiazine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfamethoxazole

                indomethacin increases levels of sulfamethoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfasalazine

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of sulfasalazine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfisoxazole

                indomethacin increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulindac

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of sulindac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tiludronate

                indomethacin increases levels of tiludronate by enhancing GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tobramycin

                indomethacin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              • tolfenamic acid

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of tolfenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tolmetin

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of tolmetin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • triamterene

                triamterene, indomethacin. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Risk of acute renal failure. Mechanism: NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis, which normally protect against nephrotoxicity.

                indomethacin increases toxicity of triamterene by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis, increasing the risk of nephrotoxicity.

              • valganciclovir

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of valganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • vancomycin

                indomethacin increases levels of vancomycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in neonates.

              • willow bark

                indomethacin will increase the level or effect of willow bark by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • zoledronic acid

                indomethacin increases levels of zoledronic acid by enhancing GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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              Adverse Effects

              >10%

              Transient renal insufficiency (40%)

              Jaundice (≤15%)

              Elevated liver function test values (≤15%)

              Headache (12%)

              1-10%

              Dizziness (3-9%)

              Dyspepsia (3-9%)

              Epigastric pain (3-9%)

              Indigestion (3-9%)

              Nausea (3-9%)

              Symptomatic upper GI ulcers, gross bleeding/perforation (4% of patients treated for 1 year; 1% of patients treated for 3-6 months).

              Abnormal pain/cramps/distress (<3%)

              Constipation (1-3%)

              Depression (1-3%)

              Diarrhea (1-3%)

              Fatigue (1-3%)

              Somnolence (1-3%)

              Tinnitus (1-3%)

              Vertigo (1-3%)

              <1%

              Acute interstitial nephritis with hematuria/proteinuria

              Acute respiratory distress

              Agranulocytosis

              Angioedema

              Aplastic anemia

              Asthma

              Bone marrow depression

              Congestive heart failure (CHF)

              Hemolytic anemia

              Leukopenia

              Macular and morbilliform eruptions

              Pulmonary edema

              Thrombocytopenia

              Thrombocytopenic purpura

              Ulcerative stomatitis

              Urticaria

              Postmarketing Reports

              Pancreatitis

              Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)

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              Warnings

              Black Box Warnings

              Cardiovascular risk

              • NSAIDs may increase risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke, which can be fatal
              • Risk may increase with duration of use
              • Patients with existing cardiovascular disease or risk factors for such disease may be at greater risk
              • NSAIDs are contraindicated for perioperative pain in setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery

              Gastrointestinal risk

              • NSAIDs increase risk of serious GI adverse events, including bleeding, ulceration, and gastric or intestinal perforation, which can be fatal
              • GI adverse events may occur at any time during use and without warning symptoms
              • Elderly patients are at greater risk for serious GI events

              Contraindications

              Absolute

              • History of hypersensitivity (anaphylactic or serious skin reactions)
              • History of urticaria, asthma, or allergic type reactions with aspirin
              • Preoperative pain associated with CABG surgery
              • History of proctitis or recent rectal bleeding (suppositories)

              Relative

              • Bleeding disorder
              • Duodenal/gastric/peptic ulcer
              • Stomatitis
              • Ulcerative colitis
              • Upper GI disease
              • Late pregnancy (may cause premature closure of ductus arteriosus)

              Neonates

              • Renal impairment
              • Untreated infection
              • Necrotizing enterocolitis
              • Active bleeding (GI bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage)
              • Thrombocytopenia
              • Congenital heart disease where patent ductus arteriosus is necessary

              Cautions

              Use caution in patients with history of bronchospasm, cardiac disease, CHF, hypertension, hepatic or renal impairment

              Long-term administration of NSAIDs may result in renal papillary necrosis and other renal injury; patients at greatest risk include elderly individuals, those with impaired renal function, hypovolemia, heart failure, liver dysfunction, or salt depletion, and those taking diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers

              Prolonged use may cause corneal deposits and retinal disturbances; discontinue if visual changes observed

              Risk of aggravation of psychiatric disturbances, epilepsy, fluid retention, or Parkinson disease

              Reduction in cerebral blood flow associated with rapid IV infusion

              Serious skin adverse events (eg, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis) reported; discontinue is symptoms occur

              Platelet adhesion and aggregation may decrease; may prolong bleeding time; monitor closely patients receiving anticoagulants; patients on long-term NSAID therapy should be monitored for anemia; agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia reported (rarely)

              Transaminase elevations reported with use; patients with abnormal liver function test should be monitored closely; discontinue immediately if signs or symptoms of liver disease develop

              NASAID use my increase risk of hyperkalemia, particularly in the elderly, renal disease, diabetics, when administered concomitantly with agents that can induce hyperkalemia

              May increase risk of meningitis with patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue disorders being a at higher risk

              Heart Failure(HF) risk

              • NSAIDS have the potential to trigger HF by prostaglandin inhibition that leads to sodium and water retention, increased systemic vascular resistance, and blunted response to diuretics
              • NSAIDS should be avoided or withdrawn whenever possible
              • AHA/ACC Heart Failure Guidelines; Circulation. 2016; 134

              Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms

              • Drug Reaction reported in patients taking NSAIDs; some of these events have been fatal or life-threatening; DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and/or facial swelling
              • Other clinical manifestations may include hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis; sometimes symptoms of DRESS may resemble an acute viral infection
              • Eosinophilia is often present; because this disorder is variable in its presentation, other organ systems not noted here may be involved
              • Early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident; if such signs or symptoms are present, discontinue therapy and evaluate the patient immediately
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              Pregnancy & Lactation

              Pregnancy

              Use of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, can cause premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus and fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment; because of these risks, limit dose and duration of therapy to between about 20 and 30 weeks of gestation, and avoid use at about 30 weeks of gestation and later in pregnancy

              Premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus use of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, at about 30 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy increases risk of premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus; avoid use of NSAIDs in women at about 30 weeks gestation and later in pregnancy

              Use of NSAIDs at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy has been associated with cases of fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios, and in some cases, neonatal renal impairment

              Data from observational studies regarding other potential embryofetal risks of NSAID use in women in first or second trimesters of pregnancy are inconclusive

              If an NSAID is necessary at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy, limit use to lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible; if treatment extends beyond 48 hours, consider monitoring with ultrasound for oligohydramnios; if oligohydramnios occurs, discontinue therapy and follow up according to clinical practice

              There are no studies on effects during labor or delivery; in animal studies, NSAIDS, inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, cause delayed parturition, and increase the incidence of stillbirth

              Animal data

              • Based on animal data, prostaglandins have been shown to have an important role in endometrial vascular permeability, blastocyst implantation, and decidualization
              • In animal reproduction studies retarded fetal ossification was observed with administration of indomethacin to mice and rats during organogenesis at doses 0.1 and 0.2 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD, 200 mg)
              • In published studies in pregnant mice, indomethacin produced maternal toxicity and death, increased fetal resorptions, and fetal malformations at 0.1 times the MRHD; when rat and mice dams were dosed during last three days of gestation, indomethacin produced neuronal necrosis in the offspring at 0.1 and 0.05 times the MRHD, respectively
              • In animal studies, administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as indomethacin, resulted in increased pre- and post-implantation loss
              • Prostaglandins also have been shown to have an important role in fetal kidney development; in published animal studies, prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors have been reported to impair kidney development when administered at clinically relevant doses

              Reproductive potential

              • Based on mechanism of action, the use of prostaglandin-mediated NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, may delay or prevent rupture of ovarian follicles, which has been associated with reversible infertility in some women
              • Published animal studies have shown that administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors has the potential to disrupt prostaglandin-mediated follicular rupture required for ovulation
              • Small studies in women treated with NSAIDs have also shown a reversible delay in ovulation; consider withdrawal of NSAIDs, including, in women who have difficulties conceiving or who are undergoing investigation of infertility

              Lactation

              Based on available published clinical data, drug may be present in human milk; the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed infant from drug or from underlying maternal condition

              Pregnancy Categories

              A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

              B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

              C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

              D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

              X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

              NA: Information not available.

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              Pharmacology

              Mechanism of Action

              Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins in body tissues by inhibiting at least 2 cyclo-oxygenase (COX) isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2

              May inhibit chemotaxis, alter lymphocyte activity, decrease proinflammatory cytokine activity, and inhibit neutrophil aggregation; these effects may contribute to anti-inflammatory activity

              Absorption

              Bioavailability: ~100%

              Onset: 30 min

              Duration: 4-6 hr

              Peak plasma time: 0.5-2 hr; 1.67 hr (Tivorbex)

              Peak plasma concentration: 1.2 mcg/mL (20 mg PO); 0.8-2.5 mcg/mL (25 mg PO); 2.4 mcg/mL (40 mg PO); 2.5-4 mcg/mL (50 mg PO)

              Tivorbex

              • When taken under fasted conditions, a 20% lower dose of indomethacin in Tivorbex 40 mg capsules resulted in a 21% lower mean systemic exposure (AUCinf) and an equivalent mean peak concentration (Cmax) compared to 50 mg indomethacin IR capsules
              • The median time to reach peak concentrations (Tmax) was 1.67 hr and 2.02 hr for Tivorbex capsules and indomethacin IR capsules, respectively
              • Food causes a significant decrease in the rate but not the overall extent of systemic absorption; 46% lower Cmax, 9% lower AUCinf, and 1.33 hr delayed Tmax (1.67 hr during fasted vs 3 hr during fed)

              Distribution

              Protein bound: 99%

              Vd: 0.34-1.57 L/kg

              Metabolism

              Metabolized in liver

              Metabolites: Desmethyl, desbenzoyl, desmethyl-desbenzoyl

              Enzymes inhibited: COX-1, COX-2

              Elimination

              Half-life: 4.5 hr (prolonged in neonates)

              Excretion: Urine (60%), feces (>33%)

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              Administration

              Oral Administration

              Take with food or 8-12 oz of water to avoid gastrointestinal (GI) effects

              Tivorbex: Food causes a significant decrease in the rate but not the overall extent of systemic absorption and 1.33 hr delayed Tmax (1.67 hr during fasted vs 3 hr during fed)

              IV Incompatibilities

              Y-site: Amino acid injection, calcium gluconate, cimetidine, dobutamine, dopamine, gentamicin, levofloxacin, tobramycin, tolazoline

              IV Preparation

              Reconstitute just before administration

              Discard any unused portion

              Do not use preservative-containing diluents for reconstitution

              IV Administration

              Infuse over 20-30 min at concentration of 0.5-1 mg/mL in preservative-free SWI or NS

              Avoid bolus administration or infusion via umbilical catheter into vessels near superior mesenteric artery; this may cause vasoconstriction and can compromise blood flow to intestines

              Do not administer intra-arterially

              IV Storage

              Store below 30°C (86°F)

              Protect from light

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              Images

              BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
              Indocin oral
              -
              25 mg/5 mL suspension
              indomethacin oral
              -
              50 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              25 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              75 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              75 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              25 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              75 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              50 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              50 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              75 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              50 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              25 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              25 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              50 mg capsule
              indomethacin oral
              -
              75 mg capsule
              indomethacin rectal
              -
              50 mg suppos
              indomethacin rectal
              -
              50 mg suppos

              Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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              Patient Handout

              Select a drug:
              Patient Education
              indomethacin rectal

              INDOMETHACIN - RECTAL

              (IN-doe-METH-a-sin)

              COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Indocin

              WARNING: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including indomethacin) may rarely increase the risk for a heart attack or stroke. This effect can happen at any time while using this drug but is more likely if you use it for a long time. The risk may be greater in older adults or if you have heart disease or increased risk for heart disease (for example, due to smoking, family history of heart disease, or conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes). Do not use this drug right before or after heart bypass surgery (CABG).Also, this drug may rarely cause serious (rarely fatal) bleeding from the stomach or intestines. This effect can occur without warning symptoms at any time while using this drug. Older adults may be at increased risk for this effect.Stop using indomethacin and get medical help right away if you notice any of these rare but serious side effects: stomach/abdominal pain that doesn't go away, black/tarry stools, vomit that looks like coffee grounds, chest/jaw/left arm pain, shortness of breath, unusual sweating, confusion, weakness on one side of the body, trouble speaking, sudden vision changes.Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about the benefits and risks of using this drug.

              USES: Indomethacin is used to relieve pain, swelling, and joint stiffness caused by arthritis, gout, bursitis, and tendonitis. Reducing these symptoms helps you do more of your normal daily activities. This medication is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).If you are treating a chronic condition such as arthritis, ask your doctor about non-drug treatments and/or using other medications to treat your pain. See also Warning section.

              HOW TO USE: Read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start using indomethacin and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.If the suppository is too soft to insert, put it in cold water or refrigerate it for 30 minutes before removing the foil wrapper. Unwrap the foil and moisten the suppository with a little water. Lie down on your left side with right knee bent. Push the suppository into the rectum with your finger. Remain lying down for a few minutes, and avoid having a bowel movement for at least an hour to allow the drug to be completely absorbed.The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. In children, the dosage is also based on weight. To reduce your risk of stomach bleeding and other side effects, use this medication at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. Do not increase your dose or use this drug more often or for longer than prescribed. For ongoing conditions such as arthritis, continue using this medication as directed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor or pharmacist.For certain conditions (such as arthritis), it may take up to 4 weeks of using this drug regularly before you get the full benefit.If you are using this drug "as needed" (not on a regular schedule), remember that pain medications work best if they are used as the first signs of pain occur. If you wait until the pain has worsened, the medication may not work as well.Tell your doctor if your condition worsens.

              SIDE EFFECTS: See also Warning section.Upset stomach, heartburn, headache, drowsiness, or dizziness may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.This medication may raise your blood pressure. Check your blood pressure regularly and tell your doctor if the results are high.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: rectal irritation, bloody stools, feeling the need to have frequent bowel movements, easy bruising/bleeding, unexplained stiff neck, hearing changes (such as ringing in the ears), mental/mood changes (such as confusion, hallucinations), signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), symptoms of heart failure (such as swelling ankles/feet, unusual tiredness, unusual/sudden weight gain).This drug may rarely cause serious (possibly fatal) liver disease. Get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of liver damage, including: nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, loss of appetite, dark urine, severe stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: fever, swollen lymph nodes, rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

              PRECAUTIONS: Before using indomethacin, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to aspirin or other NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: recent rectal bleeding, inflammation of the rectum/anus, asthma (including a history of worsening breathing after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs), bleeding or clotting problems, growths in the nose (nasal polyps), heart disease (such as history of heart attack), high blood pressure, liver disease, stomach/intestine/esophagus problems (such as bleeding, ulcers, recurring heartburn), stroke.Kidney problems can sometimes occur with the use of NSAID medications, including indomethacin. Problems are more likely to occur if you are dehydrated, have heart failure or kidney disease, are an older adult, or if you take certain medications (see also Drug Interactions section). Drink plenty of fluids as directed by your doctor to prevent dehydration and tell your doctor right away if you have a change in the amount of urine.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).This medicine may cause stomach bleeding. Daily use of alcohol and tobacco may increase your risk for stomach bleeding, especially when combined with this medicine. Limit alcohol and stop smoking. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Tell your doctor right away if you get sunburned or have skin blisters/redness.Older adults may be at greater risk for stomach/intestinal bleeding, kidney problems, heart attack, stroke, and mental/mood changes while using this drug.Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially serious liver problems. Caution is advised when this drug is used by children. Discuss the risks and benefits of treatment with your doctor.Before using this medication, women of childbearing age should talk with their doctor(s) about the benefits and risks. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or if you plan to become pregnant. This medication may harm an unborn baby and cause problems with normal labor/delivery. It is not recommended for use in pregnancy from 20 weeks until delivery. If your doctor decides that you need to use this medication between 20 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, you should use the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. You should not use this medication after 30 weeks of pregnancy.This drug passes into breast milk and may have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

              DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug include: aliskiren, ACE inhibitors (such as captopril, lisinopril), angiotensin II receptor blockers (such as valsartan, losartan), cidofovir, corticosteroids (such as prednisone), lithium, methotrexate (high-dose treatment), "water pills" (diuretics such as furosemide).This medication may increase the risk of bleeding when used with other drugs that also may cause bleeding. Examples include anti-platelet drugs such as clopidogrel, "blood thinners" such as dabigatran/enoxaparin/warfarin, among others.Check all prescription and nonprescription medicine labels carefully since many medications contain pain relievers/fever reducers (aspirin, NSAIDs such as celecoxib, diflunisal, ibuprofen, or ketorolac). These drugs are similar to indomethacin and may increase your risk of side effects if taken together. However, if your doctor has directed you to take low-dose aspirin to prevent heart attack or stroke (usually 81-162 milligrams a day), you should continue taking the aspirin unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.This medication may interfere with certain lab tests, possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

              OVERDOSE: This medicine may be harmful if swallowed. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. If accidentally swallowed, you may experience symptoms such as: severe stomach pain, vomit that looks like coffee grounds, extreme drowsiness, slow or shallow breathing, confusion, seizures.

              NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as blood pressure, complete blood count, liver/kidney function) may be done while you are using this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.Lifestyle changes (such as weight loss if needed, strengthening/conditioning exercises) may help improve your flexibility, range of motion, and joint function. Consult your doctor for specific instructions.

              MISSED DOSE: If you are prescribed this drug on a regular schedule (not just "as needed") and you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Use your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

              STORAGE: Some brands may require refrigeration while others should not be refrigerated. Check the product package for instructions on how to store your product. If you have any questions about storage, ask your pharmacist. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

              Information last revised May 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

              IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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              Formulary

              FormularyPatient Discounts

              Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

              To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

              Adding plans allows you to:

              • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
              • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
              • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
              • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

              The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

              Tier Description
              1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
              2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
              3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
              4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
              NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
              Code Definition
              PA Prior Authorization
              Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
              QL Quantity Limits
              Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
              ST Step Therapy
              Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
              OR Other Restrictions
              Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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              Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.