gemfibrozil (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Lopid

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tablet

  • 600mg

Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypercholesterolemia

600 mg PO q12hr

Administration: 30 min before morning and evening meals

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment

  • Mild to moderate: Use caution, if baseline serum creatine in patient is >2mg/dL; deterioration of renal function reported in such patients
  • Severe: Contraindicated

Hepatic impairment

  • Contraindicated

Dosing Considerations

Monitor: Serum lipoproteins

If after 3 months lipid response is indadequate, discontinue therapy

May be beneficial for prophylaxis of cardiovascular events in at-risk patients, even if patients have normal levels of cholesterol.

Overdose management

  • Adverse drug reactions from overdose may include peripheral neuropathy, diarrhea, increased K+, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, elevated LFT's, eye lens opacities
  • Treatment is supportive

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (Orphan)

Orphan designation for treatment of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses

Sponsor

  • Polaryx Therapeutics, Inc; 140 East Ridgewood Avenue, Suite 415, South Tower; Paramus, New Jersey 07652

Safety and efficacy not established

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and gemfibrozil

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      Serious - Use Alternative

        Significant - Monitor Closely

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            Contraindicated (14)

            • atorvastatin

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of atorvastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy.

            • daprodustat

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of daprodustat by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Coadministration of strong CYP2C8 inhibitors with daprodustat, a CYP2C8 substrate, is contraindicated due to a marked increase in daprodustat exposure

            • elagolix

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of elagolix by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Concomitant use of elagolix and strong OATP1B1 inhibitors is contraindicated.

            • enzalutamide

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of enzalutamide by decreasing metabolism. Contraindicated. Increased enzalutamide exposure may increase risk of seizures; if co-administration is considered necessary, dose of enzalutamide should be reduced

            • fezolinetant

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of fezolinetant by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Contraindicated. Fezolinetant AUC and peak plasma concentration are increased if coadministered with drugs that are weak, moderate, or strong CYP1A2 inhibitors

            • fluvastatin

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of fluvastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy.

            • mavacamten

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of mavacamten by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong or moderate CYP2C19 inhibitors may increase mavacamten systemic exposure, resulting in heart failure due to systolic dysfunction.

            • ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC) by decreasing metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors are shown to increase dasabuvir plasma concentrations (~10-fold), and therefore increase risk of QT prolongation

            • pitavastatin

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of pitavastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy.

            • pravastatin

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of pravastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy.

            • repaglinide

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of repaglinide by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Repaglinide is a CYP2C8 substrate. Gemfibrozil inhibits CYP2C8 and substantially increases repaglinide levels.

            • rosuvastatin

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of rosuvastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy.

            • selexipag

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of selexipag by decreasing metabolism. Contraindicated. Coadministration of selexipag with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors doubled exposure to selexipag and increased exposure to the active metabolite by about 11-fold.

            • simvastatin

              gemfibrozil, simvastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Contraindicated with other lipid-lowering drugs that can cause myopathy.

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of simvastatin by Other (see comment). Contraindicated. OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase risk of myopathy

            Serious - Use Alternative (23)

            • abrocitinib

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of abrocitinib by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Abrocitinib is a CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrate. Drugs that are moderate-to-strong inhibitors of both CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 increase systemic exposure of abrocitinib and its active metabolites, which may increase adverse effects.

            • atorvastatin

              gemfibrozil, atorvastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs.

            • belinostat

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of belinostat by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong UGT inhibitors decrease metabolism of belinostat; reduce belinostat starting dose to 750 mg/m2 when coadministered with UGT inhibitors or in patients known to be homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele

            • cilostazol

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of cilostazol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Decrease cilostazol dose by 50%; serum levels of 3,4-dehydrocilostazol (active metabolite) increased by strong CYP2C19 inhibitors.

            • colchicine

              colchicine, gemfibrozil. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of rhabdomyolysis (incl a fatality).

            • dabrafenib

              gemfibrozil increases levels of dabrafenib by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors may increase dabrafenib levels.

            • eluxadoline

              gemfibrozil increases levels of eluxadoline by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Decrease eluxadoline dose to 75 mg PO BID if coadministered with OATP1B1 inhibitors. .

            • erdafitinib

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of erdafitinib by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If unable to avoid coadministration with strong CYP2C9 inhibitors, monitor closely for adverse reactions and consider decreasing dose accordingly. If strong CYP2C9 inhibitor is discontinued, consider increasing erdafitinib dose in the absence of any drug-related toxicities.

            • fluvastatin

              gemfibrozil, fluvastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs.

            • irinotecan

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of irinotecan by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. UGT1A1 inhibitors decrease irinotecan metabolism

            • irinotecan liposomal

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of irinotecan liposomal by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. UGT1A1 inhibitors decrease irinotecan metabolism

            • lovastatin

              gemfibrozil, lovastatin. Either increases effects of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs. Do not exceed 20 mg/day of lovastatin.

            • pexidartinib

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of pexidartinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Pexdartinib is a UGTA4 substrate. Reduce pexdartinib dose if concomitant use of UGT inhibitors cannot be avoided (refer to drug monograph dosage modifications). After discontinuing the CYP3A4 inhibitor for 3 elimination half-lives, may resume previous pexidartinib dose.

            • pioglitazone

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of pioglitazone by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • pirfenidone

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of pirfenidone by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid; coadministration of pirfenidone and moderate CYP1A2 inhibitors result in moderately increased exposure to pirfenidone; if unable to avoid, decrease dose of moderate CYP1A2 inhibitor

            • pitavastatin

              gemfibrozil, pitavastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs.

            • pravastatin

              gemfibrozil, pravastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs.

            • revefenacin

              gemfibrozil increases levels of revefenacin by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 transport inhibitors may increase systemic exposure of revefenacin's active metabolite. Coadministration not recommended.

            • rosiglitazone

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of rosiglitazone by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • rosuvastatin

              gemfibrozil, rosuvastatin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Gemfibrozil may further increase risk for rhabdomyolysis when added to optimal statin regimen to further decrease TG and increase HDLs. If concomitant use cannot be avoided, initiate rosuvastatin at 5 mg once daily; the dose of rosuvastatin should not exceed 10 mg once daily.

            • siponimod

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of siponimod by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of siponimod with drugs that cause moderate CYP2C9 AND a moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibition is not recommended. Caution if siponimod coadministered with moderate CYP2C9 inhibitors alone.

            • sulbactam/durlobactam

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of sulbactam/durlobactam by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Sulbactam is predicted to have active secretion by OATP1 as a significant portion of total clearance; therefore, inhibition of OAT1 may increase sulbactam plasma concentrations

            • tucatinib

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of tucatinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of tucatinib (a CYP2C8 substrate) with a strong or moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increases tucatinib plasma concentrations and risk of toxicities.

            Monitor Closely (43)

            • apalutamide

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of apalutamide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of apalutamide with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors does not require initial dosage modification; however, dose reduction may be needed based on tolerability.

              apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of gemfibrozil by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. Apalutamide induces UGT and may decrease systemic exposure of drugs that are UGT substrates.

            • atogepant

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of atogepant by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Recommended dosage of atogepant (an OATP1B1 substrate) with concomitant use of OATP inhibitors is 10 mg or 30 mg qDay.

            • belzutifan

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of belzutifan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Belzutifan is a CYP2C19 substrate. Coadministration with CYP2C19 inhibitors may increase incidence or severity of adverse effects. Monitor for anemia and hypoxia and reduce belzutifan dose as recommended.

            • bexarotene

              gemfibrozil increases levels of bexarotene by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cannabidiol

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of cannabidiol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing the cannabidiol dose when coadministered with a strong CYP2C19 inhibitor.

              cannabidiol will increase the level or effect of gemfibrozil by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cannabidiol may potentially inhibit UGT2B7 activity. Consider reducing the dose when concomitantly using UGT2B7 substrates.

            • chlorpropamide

              gemfibrozil increases effects of chlorpropamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • cholestyramine

              cholestyramine decreases levels of gemfibrozil by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diazepam intranasal

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of diazepam intranasal by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong or moderate CYP2C19 inhibitors may decrease rate of diazepam elimination, thereby increasing adverse reactions to diazepam.

            • diclofenac

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of diclofenac by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Do not exceed diclofenac dose of 50 mg BID

            • dronabinol

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of dronabinol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dronabinol is a CYP2C9 substrate.

            • eluxadoline

              gemfibrozil increases levels of eluxadoline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. As a precautionary measure due to incomplete information on the metabolism of eluxadoline, use caution when coadministered with strong CYP2C9/10 inhibitors.

              gemfibrozil increases levels of eluxadoline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. As a precautionary measure due to incomplete information on the metabolism of eluxadoline, use caution when coadministered with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors.

            • flibanserin

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of flibanserin with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors may increase flibanserin exposure and increase the risk of hypotension, syncope, and CNS depression.

            • glecaprevir/pibrentasvir

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution when coadministering glecaprevir/pibrentasvir with OATP1B1/OATP1B3 inhibitors

            • glimepiride

              gemfibrozil increases effects of glimepiride by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • glipizide

              gemfibrozil increases effects of glipizide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • glyburide

              gemfibrozil increases effects of glyburide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

              gemfibrozil increases levels of glyburide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong CYP2C9 inhibitors may decrease glyburide metabolism.

            • insulin aspart

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin aspart by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin degludec

              gemfibrozil, insulin degludec. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

            • insulin degludec/insulin aspart

              gemfibrozil, insulin degludec/insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

            • insulin detemir

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin detemir by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin glargine

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin glargine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin glulisine

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin glulisine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin inhaled

              gemfibrozil, insulin inhaled. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.

            • insulin lispro

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin lispro by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin NPH

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin NPH by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • insulin regular human

              gemfibrozil increases effects of insulin regular human by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • lacosamide

              gemfibrozil increases levels of lacosamide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider decreasing lacosamide dose when coadministered with strong CYP2C9 inhibitors.

            • lesinurad

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of lesinurad by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • letermovir

              gemfibrozil increases levels of letermovir by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadminstration of letermovir, an OATP1B1/3 substrate, with OATP1B1/3 inhibitors may increase letermovir plasma concentrations.

            • melatonin

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of melatonin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor melatonin effects if coadministered with moderate CYP1A2 inhibitors

            • momelotinib

              gemfibrozil increases toxicity of momelotinib by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: OATP1B1/B3 inhibitor increases momelotinib (OATP1B1/B3 subtrate) plasma concentrations, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions with momelotinib.

            • montelukast

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of montelukast by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ospemifene

              gemfibrozil increases levels of ospemifene by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              gemfibrozil increases levels of ospemifene by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ozanimod

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of ozanimod by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of ozanimod (a CYP2C8 substrate) with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors increases the exposure of the active metabolites (CC112273 and CC1084037) of ozanimod, which may increase the risk of ozanimod adverse reactions. Therefore, coadministration of ozanimod with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors is not recommended.

            • paclitaxel

              gemfibrozil increases levels of paclitaxel by altering metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Gemfibrozil inhibits CYP2C8.

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • paclitaxel protein bound

              gemfibrozil increases levels of paclitaxel protein bound by altering metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Gemfibrozil inhibits CYP2C8.

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel protein bound by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • sacubitril/valsartan

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of sacubitril/valsartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. The results from an in vitro study with human liver tissue indicate that valsartan is a substrate of the hepatic uptake transporter OATP1B1; coadministration with OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase valsartan systemic exposure

            • terbinafine

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of terbinafine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tofacitinib

              gemfibrozil increases levels of tofacitinib by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. No specific dose adjustment recommended when tofacitinib coadministered with potent CYP2C19 inhibitors; decrease tofacitinib dose if coadministered with both moderate CYP3A4 and potent CYP2C19 inhibitors .

            • tolazamide

              gemfibrozil increases effects of tolazamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • tolbutamide

              gemfibrozil increases effects of tolbutamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypoglycemia; increased risk in hypoalbuminemia.

            • valsartan

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of valsartan by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. The results from an in vitro study with human liver tissue indicate that valsartan is a substrate of the hepatic uptake transporter OATP1B1; coadministration with OATP1B1 inhibitors may increase valsartan systemic exposure

            • warfarin

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of warfarin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If coadministered, consider decreasing warfarin dose by one-fourth to one-third.

            Minor (4)

            • colestipol

              colestipol decreases levels of gemfibrozil by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ezetimibe

              gemfibrozil increases levels of ezetimibe by enhancing GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • loperamide

              gemfibrozil will increase the level or effect of loperamide by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • octacosanol

              octacosanol increases effects of gemfibrozil by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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            Adverse Effects

            >10%

            Dyspepsia (20%)

            1-10%

            Abdominal pain (10%)

            Atrial fibrillation (1%)

            Diarrhea (7%)

            Fatigue (4%)

            N/V (3%)

            Eczema (2%)

            Rash (2%)

            Vertigo (2%)

            Constipation (1%)

            Headache (1%)

            <1%

            Myalgia

            Rhabdomyolysis (especially with admin with statin)

            Acute appendicitis

            Cholelithiasis

            Angioedema

            Hypokalemia

            Eosinophilia

            Myopathy

            Synovitis

            Taste disturbance

            Xerostomia

            Flatulence

            Rash

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            Warnings

            Contraindications

            Hypersensitivity

            Severe liver/renal disease

            Primary biliary cirrhosis

            Preexisting gallbladder disease

            Coadministration with repaglinide, simvastatin, selexipag, or dasabuvir

            Cautions

            If response inadequate after 3 months, discontinue gemfibrozil

            Risk for myopathy/rhabdomyolysis increases with renal impairment

            Risk for myopathy/rhabdomyolysis increases with concurrent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors use (eg, atorvastatin, pravastatin)

            If coadministered with anticoagulants, reduce anticoagulant dose and monitor prothrombin time until stabilized

            Coadministration with bile acid resin binding agents decreases gemfibrozil AUC by 30%

            May increase risk of malignancy

            Rule out secondary causes of hyperlipidemia prior to initiating therapy; discontinue if lipid response not seen

            Use with caution in patients taking warfarin; adjustments in warfarin may be required

            Cases of cholelithiasis reported with gemfibrozil therapy; gemfibrozil may increase cholesterol excretion into bile; if cholelithiasis suspected, perform gallbladder studies; discontinue therapy if gallstones found

            Coadministration with repaglinide shown to increase repaglinide plasma concentrations (8-fold increase); prolongs hypoglycemic effect; may result in severe hypoglycemia

            Gemfibrozil inhibits CYP2C8 enzyme activity; may increase exposure of CYP2C8 substrates; consider dose reduction of CYP2C8 substrates when administered concomitantly

            Gemfibrozil may increase exposure of OATP1B1 drug substrates when administered concomitantly; consider dose reduction of OATP1B1 substrates when administered concomitantly

            Myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, reported with chronic administration of colchicine at therapeutic doses; use caution, especially in the elderly and patients with renal dysfunction

            Rarely, severe anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and bone marrow hypoplasia reported; periodic blood counts are recommended during first 12 months of therapy

            Elevations in serum transaminases seen with use; periodic liver function studies recommended; therapy should be terminated if abnormalities persist

            Worsening renal insufficiency upon addition of therapy in individuals with baseline plasma creatinine >2.0 mg/dL reported; in such patients, consider the use of alternative therapy against risks and benefits of a lower dose of metformin

            Gemfibrozil may increase enzalutamide levels when administered concomitantly, which may increase risk of seizures; if coadministration necessary, reduce enzalutamide dose

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            Pregnancy & Lactation

            Pregnancy

            There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women; drug should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to fetus

            Drug has shown to produce adverse effects in rats and rabbits at doses between 0.5 and 3 times the human dose (based on surface area); administration to female rats at 2 times human dose (based on surface area) before and throughout gestation caused a dose-related decrease in conception rate, an increase in stillborns, and a slight reduction in pup weight during lactation; there were also dose-related increased skeletal variations; anophthalmia occurred, but rarely

            Administration of 0.6 and 2 times the human dose (based on surface area) of LOPID to female rats from gestation day 15 through weaning caused dose-related decreases in birth weight and suppressions of pup growth during lactation

            Administration of 1 and 3 times the human dose (based on surface area) to female rabbits during organogenesis caused a dose-related decrease in litter size and, at high dose, an increased incidence of parietal bone variations

            Lactation

            It is not known whether drug is excreted in human milk; because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of potential for tumorigenicity shown for drug in animal studies, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother

            Pregnancy Categories

            A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

            B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

            C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

            D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

            X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

            NA: Information not available.

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            Pharmacology

            Mechanism of Action

            Inhibits peripheral lipolysis; decreases hepatic uptake of free fatty acids, which may in turn inhibit secretion of VLDL; may increase HDL-cholesterol (mechanism unknown)

            Absorption

            Peak serum time: 1-2 hr

            Distribution

            Protein bound: 99%

            Metabolism

            Enterohepatic circulation

            Elimination

            Half-life: 1.5 hr

            Excretion: Urine (70%); feces (6%)

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            Images

            BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
            Lopid oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet
            gemfibrozil oral
            -
            600 mg tablet

            Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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            Patient Handout

            Patient Education
            gemfibrozil oral

            GEMFIBROZIL - ORAL

            (jem-FYE-broh-zill)

            COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Lopid

            USES: Gemfibrozil is used along with a proper diet to help lower fats (triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. It may also help to lower "bad" cholesterol (LDL). Gemfibrozil belongs to a group of drugs known as "fibrates." It works by decreasing the amount of fat produced by the liver. Lowering triglycerides in people with very high triglyceride blood levels may decrease the risk of pancreas disease (pancreatitis). However, gemfibrozil might not lower your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Talk to your doctor about the risk and benefits of gemfibrozil.In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, drinking less alcohol, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking.

            HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually twice a day (30 minutes before your morning and evening meals).Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.If you also take certain other drugs to lower your cholesterol (bile acid-binding resins such as cholestyramine or colestipol), take gemfibrozil at least 1 hour before or at least 4-6 hours after taking these medications. These products can react with gemfibrozil, preventing its full absorption.Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to take it at the same times each day. Keep taking this medication even if you feel well. Most people with high cholesterol/triglycerides do not feel sick.It is very important to continue to follow your doctor's advice about diet and exercise. It may take up to 3 months before you get the full benefit of this drug.

            SIDE EFFECTS: Stomach upset, stomach/abdominal pain, or unusual taste may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.This medication may rarely cause gallstones and liver problems. Tell your doctor right away if you notice any of these serious side effects: nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, severe stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine.This drug may rarely cause muscle problems (which can rarely lead to a very serious condition called rhabdomyolysis). Tell your doctor right away if you develop any of these symptoms: muscle pain/tenderness/weakness (especially with fever or unusual tiredness), signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine).Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever), easy bruising/bleeding, unusual tiredness, irregular heartbeat, numbness/tingling of arms/legs.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

            PRECAUTIONS: Before taking gemfibrozil, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other "fibrates" (such as fenofibrate); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: liver disease (such as biliary cholangitis, hepatitis), gallbladder disease, kidney disease, alcohol use.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using gemfibrozil. Gemfibrozil may harm an unborn baby. If you become pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication.It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. Because of the possible risk to the infant, breast-feeding while using this drug is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

            DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug include: asunaprevir, "blood thinners" (such as warfarin), colchicine, repaglinide, "statin" drugs (such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin).This medication can slow down the removal of other medications from your body, which may affect how they work. Examples of affected drugs include elagolix, irinotecan, pioglitazone, selexipag, a certain combination product used to treat chronic hepatitis C (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir), among others.

            OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

            NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as cholesterol/triglyceride levels, kidney/liver function, complete blood count) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

            MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

            STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

            Information last revised June 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

            IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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            Formulary

            FormularyPatient Discounts

            Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

            To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

            Adding plans allows you to:

            • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
            • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
            • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
            • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

            The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

            Tier Description
            1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
            2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
            3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
            4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
            Code Definition
            PA Prior Authorization
            Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
            QL Quantity Limits
            Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
            ST Step Therapy
            Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
            OR Other Restrictions
            Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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            Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.