mitomycin ophthalmic (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Mitosol

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

ophthalmic solution

  • 0.2mg/vial (contained within entire kit)

Glaucoma Surgery

Indicated for as adjunct to ab externo glaucoma surgery

Sponges provided within the kit should be fully saturated with the entire reconstituted contents (see Administration)

A treatment area approximating 10mm x 6mm +/- 2mm should be treated with mitomycin ophthalmic

Apply fully saturated sponges equally to the treatment area, in a single layer, with the use of a surgical forceps

Keep the sponges on the treatment area for 2 minutes, and then remove and copious irrigate surgical site

Administration

Intended for topical application to the surgical site of glaucoma filtration surgery

Not for intraocular administration; if intraocular administration occurs, cell death may lead to corneal infarction, retinal infarction, and ciliary body atrophy

Reconstitution

  • Each vial contains a lyophilized mixture of mitomycin 0.2 mg and mannitol 0.4 mg
  • To reconstitute, add 1 mL of sterile water for injection, then shake to dissolve
  • If product does not dissolve immediately, allow to stand at room temperature until the product dissolves into solution
  • Following reconstitution, resulting solution has a pH of 5.0-8.0
  • Preparing sponges: See full prescribing information

Stability

  • Unreconstituted vials: Store at controlled room temperature (ie, 20-25°C [68-77°F]); avoid excessive heat and protect form light
  • Reconstituted vials: When reconstituted to concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, stable for 1 hr at room temperature

Handling & disposal

  • Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be followed
  • Appropriate containment and disposal devices are included in each kit

Pterygium (Orphan)

Prevention of recurrence of pterygium after its surgical excision

Orphan designation sponsor

  • Mobius Therapeutics, Inc; 1141 South 7th Street; St. Louis, MO 63104

Corneal Subepithelial Haze (Orphan)

Prevention of corneal subepithelial haze formation following surface ablation laser keratectomy

Orphan designation sponsor

  • Mobius Therapeutics, Inc; 1141 South 7th Street; St. Louis, MO 63104

Safety and efficacy not established

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Adverse Effects

Frequency Not Defined

Blebitis (eg, bleb ulceration, chronic bleb leak, encapsulated/cystic bleb, bleb-related infection, wound dehiscence, conjunctival necrosis, thin-walled bleb)

Corneal reactions (eg, corneal endothelial damage, epithelial defect, anterior synechiae, superficial punctuate keratitis, Descemet’s detachment, induced astigmatism)

Endophthalmitis

Hypotony that include choroidal reactions (eg, choroidal detachment, choroidal effusion, serous choroidal detachment, suprachoroidal hemorrhage, hypotony maculopathy, presence of supraciliochoroidal fluid, hypoechogenic suprachoroidal effusion)

Inflammation (eg, iritis, fibrin reaction)

Cataract development, cataract progression, capsule opacification, capsular constriction and/or capsulotomy rupture, posterior synechiae

Retinal pigment epithelial tear, retinal detachment (serous and rhegmatogenous)

Wound dehiscence

Vascular (eg, hyphema, central retinal vein occlusion, hemiretinal vein occlusion, retinal hemorrhage, vitreal hemorrhage and blood clot, subconjunctival hemorrhage, disk hemorrhage)

Other reactions (macular edema, sclera thinning or ulceration, intraocular lens capture, disk swelling, malignant glaucoma, lacrimal drainage system obstruction, ciliary block, corneal vascularization, visual acuity decrease, cystic conjunctival degeneration, upper eyelid retraction, dislocated implants, severe loss of vision)

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Warnings

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Women who are or may become pregnant during therapy

Cautions

Cytotoxic agent; use in concentrations >0.2 mg/mL or use for longer than 2 minutes may lead to unintended corneal and/or scleral damage including thinning or perforation

Direct contact with the corneal endothelium will result in cell death

Associated with an increased instance of postoperative hypotony

Use in phakic patients has been correlated to a higher instance of lenticular change and cataract formation

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Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy

Based on findings in animals and mechanism of action; drug can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman

There are no available data on use in pregnant women to inform drug-associated risk

Verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to using Mitosol

Animal data

  • In animal reproduction studies, parenteral administration of mitomycin resulted in teratogenicity; advise pregnant women of potential risk to fetus
  • Verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to initiating therapy

Lactation

There are no data on the presence of mitomycin in human milk, effects on breastfed child, or on milk production; because of potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during and for 1 week following administration of drug

Pregnancy Categories

A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

NA: Information not available.

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Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA); guanine and cytosine content correlates with the degree of mitomycin-induced cross-linking

Cellular RNA and protein synthesis may also be suppressed

Absorption

Systemic exposure following ocular administration is unknown, but is expected to be multiple orders of magnitude lower than those achieved by IV administration

Metabolism

Cleared from ophthalmic tissue after intraoperative topical application and irrigation, as metabolism occurs in other affected tissues; systemic clearance is affected primarily by metabolism in the liver

Elimination

Excretion: Urine 10% (as unchanged)

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Images

No images available for this drug.
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Patient Handout

A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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Formulary

FormularyPatient Discounts

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The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

Tier Description
1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
Code Definition
PA Prior Authorization
Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
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Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.