Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
scored tablet (ONFI, generic): Schedule IV
- 10mg
- 20mg
oral suspension (ONFI, generic): Schedule IV
- 2.5mg/mL
oral soluble film (Sympazan): Schedule IV
- 5mg
- 10mg
- 20mg
Seizures
Indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS)
Initiate at 5 mg PO q12hr; may titrate as tolerated up to 40 mg/day divided q12hr
Dose escalation should not proceed more rapidly than once weekly
CYP2C19 poor metabolizers
- In CYP2C19 poor metabolizers, levels of N-desmethylclobazam, clobazam’s active metabolite, will be increased
- Starting dose should be 5 mg/day and titrated according to weight, but to half the typical adult dose
- Additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day), depending on the weight group) may be started on day 21
Dosage Modifications
Renal impairment
- Mild or moderate: No dose adjustment required
- Severe or ESRD: No experience
- Dialyzable: Unknown if clobazam or active metabolite is dialyzable
Hepatic impairment
- Limited data to characterize the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics; proceed with low and slow titration
- Mild-to-moderate (Child-Pugh 5-9): Starting dose should be 5 mg/day and titrated according to weight, but to half the typical adult dose; additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day), depending on the weight group may be started on day 21
- Severe: Not recommended
Dosage Forms & Strengths
scored tablet (ONFI, generic): Schedule IV
- 10mg
- 20mg
oral suspension (ONFI, generic): Schedule IV
- 2.5mg/mL
oral soluble film (Sympazan): Schedule IV
- 5mg
- 10mg
- 20mg
Seizures
Indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients aged 2 years or older
≤30 kg
- Starting dose: 5 mg PO qDay; titrate as tolerated up to 20 mg PO daily
- After 7 days, may increase to 5 mg PO q12hr; if needed, may increase to 10 mg PO q12hr after an additional 7 days
>30 kg
- Starting dose: 5 mg PO q12hr; titrate as tolerated up to 40 mg PO daily
- After 7 days, may increase to 10 mg PO q12hr; if needed, may increase to 20 mg PO q12hr after an additional 7 days
CYP2C19 poor metabolizers
- In CYP2C19 poor metabolizers, levels of N-desmethylclobazam, clobazam’s active metabolite, will be increased
- Starting dose should be 5 mg/day and titrated according to weight, but to half the typical dose
- Additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day), depending on the weight group) may be started on day 21
Dosage Modifications
Renal impairment
- Mild or moderate: No dose adjustment required
- Severe or ESRD: No experience
- Dialyzable: Unknown if clobazam or active metabolite is dialyzable
Hepatic impairment
- Limited data to characterize the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics; proceed with low and slow titration
- Mild-to-moderate (Child-Pugh 5-9): Starting dose should be 5 mg/day and titrated according to weight, but to half the typical adult dose; additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day), depending on the weight group) may be started on day 21
- Severe hepatic impairment: Not recommended
Plasma concentrations at any given dose are generally higher in the elderly; proceed slowly with dose escalation
Starting dose should be 5 mg/day for all elderly patients and titrated according to weight, but to half the typical adult dose
Additional titration to the maximum daily dose (depending on weight either 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day) may be started on day 21
Administer daily doses >5 mg in divided doses q12hr
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (3)
- cobimetinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of cobimetinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Avoid coadministration. Strong or moderate CYP3A inducers may decrease cobimetinib systemic exposure by >80% and reduce its efficacy.
- doravirine
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of doravirine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Coadministration of doravirine with a CYP3A inducer may decrease doravirine plasma concentrations and/or effects. Potential for loss of virologic response and possible resistance to doravirine.
- eliglustat
clobazam increases levels of eliglustat by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Contraindicated. If coadministered with strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors, reduce eliglustat dose from 84 mg BID to 84 mg once daily in extensive and intermediate metabolizers; eliglustat is contraindiated if strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors are given concomitantly with strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors.
Serious - Use Alternative (39)
- apalutamide
apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP2C19 inducer, with drugs that are CYP2C19 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered.
- avapritinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- axitinib
clobazam decreases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Selection of concomitant medication with no or minimal CYP3A4 induction potential is recommended.
- benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen
benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen and clobazam both increase sedation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Limit use to patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate
- buprenorphine subdermal implant
buprenorphine subdermal implant and clobazam both increase sedation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Limit use to patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate
- buprenorphine transdermal
buprenorphine transdermal and clobazam both increase sedation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Limit use to patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate
- cabozantinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of cabozantinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of cabozantinib with strong CYP3A4 inducers. If a strong CYP3A4 inducer is required, increase cabozantinib dose by 40 mg/day (Cometriq) or by 20 mg/day (Cabometyx). Resume previous dose 2-3 days after strong CYP3A4 inducer discontinued.
- daridorexant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of daridorexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- deflazacort
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of deflazacort by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of deflazacort with moderate or strong CYP3A4 inducers.
- elbasvir/grazoprevir
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of elbasvir/grazoprevir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The therapeutic effect of elbasvir/grazoprevir may be reduced if coadministered with moderate CYP3A inducers and should be avoided.
- entrectinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of entrectinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- fedratinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of fedratinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Effect of coadministering a moderate CYP3A4 inducer with fedratinib has not been studied.
- finerenone
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- infigratinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of infigratinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- irinotecan
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of irinotecan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- irinotecan liposomal
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of irinotecan liposomal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ivabradine
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ivabradine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of ivabradine with moderate CYP3A4 inducers.
- lefamulin
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of lefamulin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of lefamulin with strong or moderate CYP3A inducers unless the benefit outweighs risks. Monitor for reduced efficacy.
- lemborexant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- lonafarnib
clobazam will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.
- lorlatinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of lorlatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid use of lorlatinib with moderate CYP3A inducers. If unable to avoid, monitor ALT, AST, and bilirubin as recommended.
- lurbinectedin
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of lurbinectedin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- metoclopramide intranasal
clobazam, metoclopramide intranasal. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Avoid use of metoclopramide intranasal or interacting drug, depending on importance of drug to patient.
- mobocertinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of mobocertinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- neratinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of neratinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of neratinib with strong/moderate CYP3A4 inducers.
- pacritinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of pacritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- pemigatinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of pemigatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- pretomanid
clobazam will increase the level or effect of pretomanid by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Pretomanid is a CYP3A4 substrate. Avoid coadministration of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers.
- rimegepant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of rimegepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- selinexor
selinexor, clobazam. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Patients treated with selinexor may experience neurological toxicities. Avoid taking selinexor with other medications that may cause dizziness or confusion.
- selumetinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of selumetinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- siponimod
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of siponimod by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of siponimod with a drug that causes moderate CYP2C9 plus a moderate or strong CYP3A4 inducer is not recommended. Coadministration with moderate or strong CYP3A4 inducers alone is not recommended for patients with CYP2C9*1/*3 and*2/*3 genotype.
- sofosbuvir/velpatasvir
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Velpatasvir is a substrate of CYP2B6, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4. Drugs that are moderate-to-potent inducers of CYP2B6, CYP2C8, or CYP3A4 may significantly decrease velpatasvir plasma concentrations, leading to potentially reduced therapeutic effect.
- sonidegib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of sonidegib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sonidegib with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers.
- tazemetostat
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- venetoclax
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of venetoclax by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of venetoclax with strong or moderate CYP3A inducers. Consider alternative treatment with agents that have less CYP3A induction.
- voclosporin
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of voclosporin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- voxelotor
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of voxelotor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Voxelotor is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4. Avoid coadministration with moderate or strong CYP3A4 inducers. If unable to avoid coadministration, increase voxelotor dose (see Dosage Modifications).
- zanubrutinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of zanubrutinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
Monitor Closely (207)
- abiraterone
abiraterone will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- acrivastine
acrivastine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
acrivastine and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. - aldesleukin
aldesleukin, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- alfentanil
alfentanil, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- alprazolam
alprazolam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- amisulpride
amisulpride and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- amitriptyline
clobazam will increase the level or effect of amitriptyline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
amitriptyline, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - amobarbital
amobarbital, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- amoxapine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of amoxapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
amoxapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - apomorphine
apomorphine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- aripiprazole
clobazam will increase the level or effect of aripiprazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
aripiprazole, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - armodafinil
armodafinil will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- asenapine
asenapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
asenapine and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. - asenapine transdermal
asenapine transdermal and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atogepant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Recommended atogepant dosage with concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers is 30 mg or 60 mg qDay.
- avapritinib
avapritinib and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- azelastine
azelastine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- baclofen
baclofen, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- belumosudil
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of belumosudil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- bortezomib
bortezomib will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- brexanolone
brexanolone, clobazam. Either increases toxicity of the other by sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- brexpiprazole
clobazam will increase the level or effect of brexpiprazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Administer a quarter of brexpiprazole dose if coadministered with a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor PLUS a strong/moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor.
brexpiprazole and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. - brimonidine
brimonidine and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- brivaracetam
brivaracetam and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- brompheniramine
brompheniramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- buprenorphine
buprenorphine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- buprenorphine buccal
buprenorphine buccal, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- buprenorphine subdermal implant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine subdermal implant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor patients already on buprenorphine subdermal implant who require newly-initiated treatment with CYP3A4 inducer for signs and symptoms of withdrawal. If the dose of the concomitant CYP3A4 inducer cannot be reduced or discontinued, implant removal may be necessary and the patient should then be treated with a buprenorphine dosage form that permits dose adjustments. If a CYP3A4 inducer is discontinued in a patient who has been stabilized on buprenorphine, monitor the patient for overmedication.
clobazam increases toxicity of buprenorphine subdermal implant by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Studies have shown that the combination of benzodiazepines and buprenorphine altered the usual ceiling effect on buprenorphine-induced respiratory depression, making the respiratory effects of buprenorphine appear similar to those of full opioid agonists. There have been postmarketing reports of coma and death with coadministration of buprenorphine and benzodiazepines. In many, but not all of these cases, buprenorphine was misused by self-injection. If a benzodiazepine must be used for an indication other than seizures, lower the benzodiazepine initial dose and cautiously titrate to clinical response. - buprenorphine, long-acting injection
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine, long-acting injection by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Patients who transfer to buprenorphine long-acting injection from transmucosal buprenorphine coadministered with CYP3A4 inducers should be monitored to ensure buprenorphine plasma levels are adequate. If the buprenorphine dose is inadequate and the CYP3A4 inducer cannot be reduced or discontinued, transition the patient back to a buprenorphine formulation that permits dose adjustments.
- butabarbital
butabarbital, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- butorphanol
butorphanol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- cannabidiol
cannabidiol will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing the dose of sensitive CYP2C19 substrates, as clinically appropriate, when coadministered with cannabidiol.
- carbamazepine
carbamazepine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- carbinoxamine
carbinoxamine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- carisoprodol
carisoprodol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- carvedilol
clobazam will increase the level or effect of carvedilol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- cenobamate
cenobamate will increase the level or effect of clobazam by unspecified interaction mechanism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing dose of clobazam as clinically appropriate. Cenobamate may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
cenobamate will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider a dose reduction of CYP2C19 substrates, as clinically appropriate, when used concomitantly with cenobamate.
cenobamate, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. - cetirizine
cetirizine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- chloral hydrate
chloral hydrate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- chlordiazepoxide
chlordiazepoxide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- chloroquine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of chloroquine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- chlorpheniramine
chlorpheniramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- chlorpromazine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of chlorpromazine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
chlorpromazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - chlorzoxazone
chlorzoxazone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- clemastine
clemastine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- clomipramine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of clomipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
clomipramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - clonazepam
clonazepam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- clonidine
clonidine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- clorazepate
clorazepate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- clozapine
clozapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- codeine
codeine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
clobazam decreases effects of codeine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Prevents conversion of codeine to its active metabolite morphine. - cyclizine
cyclizine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- cyproheptadine
cyproheptadine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- dantrolene
dantrolene, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- daridorexant
clobazam and daridorexant both increase sedation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration increases risk of CNS depression, which can lead to additive impairment of psychomotor performance and cause daytime impairment.
- desipramine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of desipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
desipramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - desogestrel
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of desogestrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- dexchlorpheniramine
dexchlorpheniramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- dextromethorphan
clobazam will increase the level or effect of dextromethorphan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- diazepam
diazepam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- diazepam intranasal
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of diazepam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers may increase rate of diazepam elimination; therefore, efficacy of diazepam may be decreased.
diazepam intranasal, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may potentiate the CNS-depressant effects of each drug. - difelikefalin
difelikefalin and clobazam both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dimenhydrinate
dimenhydrinate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- diphenhydramine
diphenhydramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- doxepin
clobazam will increase the level or effect of doxepin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
doxepin, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - doxylamine
doxylamine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- dronabinol
dronabinol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- droperidol
droperidol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- drospirenone
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- duloxetine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of duloxetine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- efavirenz
efavirenz will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
efavirenz, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - elagolix
elagolix will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C19. Clobazam is a very sensitive CYP2C19 substrate. Cautiously monitor and decrease clobazam dose if needed.
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of elagolix by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. - erdafitinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of erdafitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If a moderate CYP3A4 inducer must be coadministered, administer 8-mg/day dose initially, with potential to increase to 9 mg/day based on serum phosphate levels on Days 14-21 and tolerability. If a moderate CYP3A4 inducer must be coadministered after the initial dose increase period based on serum phosphate levels and tolerability, increase erdafitinib dose up to 9 mg. When a moderate inducer discontinued, continue erdafitinib at same dose, in absence of drug-related toxicity.
- eslicarbazepine acetate
eslicarbazepine acetate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
eslicarbazepine acetate will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. - esomeprazole
esomeprazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- eszopiclone
eszopiclone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ethanol
ethanol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ethinylestradiol
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- ethosuximide
ethosuximide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- etomidate
etomidate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- etonogestrel
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of etonogestrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- etravirine
etravirine will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- fedratinib
fedratinib will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP2C19 substrates as necessary.
- fexinidazole
fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- flecainide
clobazam will increase the level or effect of flecainide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- fluconazole
fluconazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- fluoxetine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of fluoxetine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- fluphenazine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of fluphenazine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
fluphenazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - fluvoxamine
fluvoxamine will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be necessary ; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite)
clobazam will increase the level or effect of fluvoxamine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. May be necessary to admininister lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 when used concomitantly - gabapentin
gabapentin, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation.
gabapentin, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation. - gabapentin enacarbil
gabapentin enacarbil, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation.
gabapentin enacarbil, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation. - ganaxolone
clobazam and ganaxolone both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- guanfacine
guanfacine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of guanfacine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers significantly reduce guanfacine plasma concentrations and elimination half-life. If coadministered, more frequent dosing of the IR product may be required to achieve or maintain the desired hypotensive response. For patients with ADHD, FDA-approved labeling for ER guanfacine recommends that, if coadministered, doubling the recommended dose of guanfacine should be considered. - haloperidol
clobazam will increase the level or effect of haloperidol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- hydrocodone
hydrocodone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- hydromorphone
hydromorphone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- hydroxyzine
hydroxyzine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ifosfamide
clobazam increases toxicity of ifosfamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of ifosfamide to its active alkylating metabolites. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the formation of the neurotoxic/nephrotoxic ifosfamide metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde. Closely monitor patients taking ifosfamide with CYP3A4 inducers for toxicities and consider dose adjustment.
- iloperidone
iloperidone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- imipramine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of imipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
imipramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - isavuconazonium sulfate
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- isoniazid
isoniazid will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- ketoconazole
ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- lansoprazole
lansoprazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- lasmiditan
lasmiditan, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of lasmiditan and other CNS depressant drugs, including alcohol have not been evaluated in clinical studies. Lasmiditan may cause sedation, as well as other cognitive and/or neuropsychiatric adverse reactions.
- lemborexant
lemborexant, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by sedation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Dosage adjustment may be necessary if lemborexant is coadministered with other CNS depressants because of potentially additive effects.
- levamlodipine
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of levamlodipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. No information is available on the quantitative effects of CYP3A4 inducers on amlodipine. Closely monitor blood pressure when amlodipine is coadministered with CYP3A4 inducers.
- levocetirizine
levocetirizine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- levoketoconazole
levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- levonorgestrel intrauterine
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of levonorgestrel intrauterine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- levonorgestrel oral
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of levonorgestrel oral by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- levorphanol
levorphanol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- linagliptin
clobazam will increase the level or effect of linagliptin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Use of alternative treatments is strongly recommended when linagliptin is to be administered with a CYP3A4 inducer
- lorazepam
lorazepam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- lumacaftor/ivacaftor
lumacaftor/ivacaftor, clobazam. affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. In vitro studies suggest that lumacaftor may induce and ivacaftor may inhibit CYP2C19 substrates. .
- maprotiline
clobazam will increase the level or effect of maprotiline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
maprotiline, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - meclizine
meclizine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- medroxyprogesterone
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of medroxyprogesterone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- meperidine
meperidine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- meprobamate
meprobamate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- mestranol
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of mestranol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- metaxalone
metaxalone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- methadone
methadone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- methamphetamine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of methamphetamine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- methocarbamol
methocarbamol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- methylphenidate transdermal
methylphenidate transdermal will increase the level or effect of clobazam by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider decreasing the dose of these drugs when given coadministered with methylphenidate. Monitor for drug toxiticities when initiating or discontinuing methylphenidate.
- metoclopramide
metoclopramide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- mexiletine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of mexiletine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- miconazole oral
miconazole oral will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- midazolam intranasal
clobazam will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.
midazolam intranasal, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Concomitant use of barbiturates, alcohol, or other CNS depressants may increase the risk of hypoventilation, airway obstruction, desaturation, or apnea and may contribute to profound and/or prolonged drug effect. - mirtazapine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of mirtazapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
mirtazapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - modafinil
modafinil will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- morphine
morphine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- nabilone
nabilone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- naldemedine
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of naldemedine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Simulation using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling suggests that concomitant use of moderated CYP3A4 inducers decrease exposure to naldemedine. The clinical consequence of this decreased exposure is unknown.
- nicardipine
nicardipine will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- norelgestromin
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of norelgestromin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- norethindrone
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of norethindrone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- norethindrone acetate
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of norethindrone acetate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- norgestimate
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of norgestimate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
- nortriptyline
clobazam will increase the level or effect of nortriptyline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
nortriptyline, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - olanzapine
olanzapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- oliceridine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of oliceridine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If concomitant use is necessary, may require less frequent oliceridine dosing. Closely monitor for respiratory depression and sedation and titrate subsequent doses accordingly. If inhibitor is discontinued, consider increase oliceridine dosage until stable drug effects are achieved. Monitor for signs of opioid withdrawal.
- olopatadine intranasal
olopatadine intranasal, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- omeprazole
omeprazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- orlistat
orlistat decreases levels of clobazam by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Risk of convulsions.
- oxazepam
oxazepam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- oxcarbazepine
oxcarbazepine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- oxycodone
oxycodone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- palbociclib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of palbociclib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- paliperidone
paliperidone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- paroxetine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of paroxetine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- pentobarbital
pentobarbital, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- perphenazine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of perphenazine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- phenobarbital
phenobarbital, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- pimozide
pimozide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ponatinib
clobazam decreases levels of ponatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pramipexole
pramipexole, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- pregabalin
pregabalin, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation.
pregabalin, clobazam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of CNS depressants can result in serious, life-threatening, and fatal respiratory depression. Use lowest dose possible and monitor for respiratory depression and sedation. - primidone
primidone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- prochlorperazine
prochlorperazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- promethazine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of promethazine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
promethazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - propafenone
clobazam will increase the level or effect of propafenone by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- protriptyline
clobazam will increase the level or effect of protriptyline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
protriptyline, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - quetiapine
quetiapine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- rabeprazole
rabeprazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- remifentanil
remifentanil, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ripretinib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ripretinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If coadministration cannot be avoided, increase dosing frequency from recommended dose of 150 mg once daily to 150 mg twice daily during co-administration period; monitor for clinical response and tolerability
- risperidone
clobazam will increase the level or effect of risperidone by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
risperidone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - ropinirole
ropinirole, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- rotigotine
rotigotine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- rucaparib
rucaparib will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP2C19 substrates, if clinically indicated.
- secobarbital
secobarbital, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- sertraline
clobazam will increase the level or effect of sertraline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- sparsentan
sparsentan will decrease the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Sparsentan (a CYP2C19 inducer) decreases exposure of CYP2C19 substrates and reduces efficacy related to these substrates.
- stiripentol
stiripentol, clobazam. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor. Consider dosage reduction for CYP3A4 substrates if adverse effects are experienced when coadministered. If somnolence occurs during coadministration, consider an initial dose reduction of clobazam by 25%. If somnolence persists, further clobazam dose reduction by an additional 25% should be considered.
stiripentol, clobazam. affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP2C19 inhibitor. Consider dosage reduction for CYP2C19 substrates if adverse effects are experienced when coadministered. If somnolence occurs during coadministration, consider an initial dose reduction of clobazam by 25%. If somnolence persists, further clobazam dose reduction by an additional 25% should be considered.
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of stiripentol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor closely if stiripentol is coadministered with a moderate CYP3A4 inducer. - sufentanil
sufentanil, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- sufentanil SL
clobazam decreases effects of sufentanil SL by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of CYP3A4 inducers may decrease sufentanil levels and efficacy, possibly precipitating withdrawal syndrome in patients who have developed physical dependence to sufentanil. Discontinuation of concomitantly used CYP3A4 inducers may increase sufentanil plasma concentration.
- tamsulosin
clobazam increases levels of tamsulosin by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tapentadol
tapentadol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- tecovirimat
tecovirimat will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C8 and CYP2C19. Monitor for adverse effects if coadministered with sensitive substrates of these enzymes.
- temazepam
temazepam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- tetrabenazine
tetrabenazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- thioridazine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of thioridazine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
thioridazine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - thiothixene
thiothixene, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- tiagabine
tiagabine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ticlopidine
ticlopidine will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- tinidazole
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tivozanib
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of tivozanib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tizanidine
tizanidine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- tolterodine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of tolterodine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- topiramate
topiramate, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- trabectedin
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of trabectedin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tramadol
clobazam will increase the level or effect of tramadol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
tramadol, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - triazolam
triazolam, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- triclabendazole
triclabendazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. If plasma concentrations of the CYP2C19 substrates are elevated during triclabendazole, recheck plasma concentration of the CYP2C19 substrates after discontinuation of triclabendazole.
- trimipramine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of trimipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
trimipramine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression). - triprolidine
triprolidine, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ubrogepant
clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ubrogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Dose adjustment is recommended with concomitant use of ubrogepant and moderate and weak CYP3A4 inducers. (see Dosage Modifications)
- venlafaxine
clobazam will increase the level or effect of venlafaxine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2D6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lower doses of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be required when used concomitantly.
- vigabatrin
vigabatrin, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- zaleplon
zaleplon, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ziconotide
ziconotide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- ziprasidone
ziprasidone, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- zolpidem
zolpidem, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- zonisamide
zonisamide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
Minor (2)
- pantoprazole
pantoprazole will increase the level or effect of clobazam by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Dosage adjustment may be required; CYP2C19 inhibitors may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam (active metabolite).
- perampanel
perampanel increases levels of clobazam by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Somnolence or sedation (26%)
Somnolence (22%)
Pyrexia (13%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (12%)
1-10%
Drooling (9%)
Aggression (8%)
Irritability (7%)
Vomiting (7%)
Insomnia (5%)
Ataxia (5%)
Sedation (5%)
Constipation (5%)
Fatigue (5%)
Cough (5%)
Psychomotor hyperactivity (4%)
Pneumonia (4%)
Urinary tract infection (4%)
Dysarthria (3%)
Decreased appetite (3%)
Increased appetite (3%)
Bronchitis (2%)
Dysphagia (2%)
Postmarketing Reports
Hypothermia
Blood Disorders: Anemia, eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Eye Disorders: Diplopia, vision blurred
Gastrointestinal Disorders: Abdominal distention
GU disorders: Urinary retention
Lab: Hepatic enzyme increased
Musculoskeletal: Muscle spasms
Respiratory Disorders: Aspiration, respiratory depression
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: Rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), urticaria
Warnings
Black Box Warnings
Risks from concomitant use with opioids
- Concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death
- Reserve concomitant prescribing of these drugs for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate
- Limit dosages and durations to the minimum required
- Follow patients for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation
- Inform patients and caregivers that potentially fatal additive effects may occur if drug is used with opioids and that such drugs should not be used concomitantly unless supervised by a health care provider
- Prescribers should advise caregivers that they expect to be informed immediately if a patient develops any new findings which are not typical of the patient’s characteristic seizure episode
Addiction, abuse, and misuse
- On September 2020, FDA addressed serious risks of benzodiazepine addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death
- Physical dependence can occur when taken steadily for several days to weeks, even as prescribed
- Stopping abruptly or reducing dosage too quickly can result in withdrawal reactions, including seizures, which can be life-threatening
- Assess each patient’s risk prior to prescribing and monitor regularly for the development of these behaviors or conditions
- Abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes; before prescribing and throughout treatment, assess each patient’s risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction
- Risks of dependence and withdrawal increase with longer treatment duration and higher daily dose; although injection is indicated only for intermittent use, if used more frequently than recommended, abrupt discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction may precipitate acute withdrawal reactions, including seizures, which can be life-threatening; use gradual taper when discontinuing therapy to reduce withdrawal reactions risk
Contraindications
History of hypersensitivity to drug or ingredients
Cautions
Somnolence or sedation; generally occurs within the first month of treatment and may diminish with continued treatment; caution patients about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles, until they are reasonably certain that therapy does not affect them adversely (eg, impair judgment, thinking or motor skills)
Serious skin reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis) reported in both children and adults; monitor closely, especially during the first 8 weeks of treatment initiation or when reintroducing therapy; discontinue at the first sign of drug-related rash and do not resume unless rash is clearly not drug related; if signs or symptoms suggest SJS/TEN, do not resume therapy; alternative therapy should be considered
Consider history of substance abuse because of predisposition of such patients to physical and/or psychological dependence; patients with history of substance abuse should be under careful surveillance when receiving drug or other psychotropic agents because of predisposition of such patients to habituation and dependence
Use of drug, particularly in patients at elevated risk of abuse, necessitates counseling about risks and proper use of drug along with monitoring for signs and symptoms of abuse, misuse, and addiction; do not exceed recommended dosing frequency
Avoid or minimize concomitant use of CNS depressants and other substances associated with abuse, misuse, and addiction (eg, opioid analgesics, stimulants); advise patients on proper disposal of unused drug; if a substance use disorder is suspected, evaluate patient and institute (or refer them for) early treatment, as appropriate
For patients using treated more frequently than recommended, to reduce risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue therapy (a patient-specific plan should be used to taper the dose)
Patients at an increased risk of withdrawal adverse reactions after benzodiazepine discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction include those who take higher dosages, and those who have had longer durations of use
In some cases, benzodiazepine users have developed a protracted withdrawal syndrome with withdrawal symptoms lasting weeks to more than 12 months
Patients treated with any antiepileptic drug for any indication should be monitored for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and/or any unusual changes in mood or behavior; should suicidal thoughts and behavior emerge during treatment, the prescriber needs to consider whether emergence of these symptoms in any given patient may be related to illness being treated; behaviors of concern should be reported immediately to healthcare providers
Drug interaction overview
- Concomitant use with other CNS depressants may increase the risk of sedation and somnolence; alcohol, as a CNS depressant, will interact to increase clobazam’s maximum plasma exposure by approximately 50%; caution patients or caregivers against simultaneous use with other CNS depressant drugs or alcohol, and caution that effects of other CNS depressants or alcohol may be potentiated
- Weak CYP3A4 inducers may diminish effectiveness of some hormonal contraceptives; additional non-hormonal forms of contraception recommended when receiving therapy
- Strong and moderate inhibitors of CYP2C19 may result in increased exposure to N-desmethylclobazam, the active metabolite of clobazam; this may increase risk of dose-related adverse reactions; dosage adjustment may be necessary when co-administered with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors (eg, fluconazole, fluvoxamine, ticlopidine) or moderate CYP2C19 inhibitors (eg, omeprazole)
- Coadministration of cannabidiol, a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate and a CYP2C19 inhibitor, with clobazam may increase the risk of clobazam-related adverse reactions; consider a reduction in dosage of cannabidiol or clobazam if adverse reactions known to occur with drug are experienced
- Drug therapy inhibits CYP2D6; dose adjustments of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 may be necessary
Withdrawal
- As with all antiepileptic drugs, withdraw gradually to minimize the risk of precipitating seizures, seizure exacerbation, or status epilepticus
- Avoid abrupt discontinuation; taper by decreasing dose each week by 5-10 mg/day until discontinued
- Withdrawal symptoms (eg, convulsions, psychosis, hallucinations, behavioral disorder, tremor, and anxiety) occur following abrupt discontinuation, risk is greater with higher doses
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
Encourage pregnant patients (or their caregivers) to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry; toll free number 1-888-233-2334; http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women; available data suggest that the class of benzodiazepines is not associated with marked increases in risk for congenital anomalies; although some early epidemiological studies suggested a relationship between benzodiazepine drug use in pregnancy and congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and or palate, these studies had considerable limitations; more recently completed studies of benzodiazepine use in pregnancy have not consistently documented elevated risks for specific congenital anomalies; there is insufficient evidence to assess effect of benzodiazepine pregnancy exposure on neurodevelopment
There are clinical considerations regarding exposure to benzodiazepines during second and third trimester of pregnancy or immediately prior to or during childbirth; these risks include decreased fetal movement and/or fetal heart rate variability, “floppy infant syndrome,” dependence, and withdrawal
Available data from published observational studies of pregnant women exposed to benzodiazepines do not report a clear association with benzodiazepines and major birth defects
Administration of clobazam to pregnant rats and rabbits during period of organogenesis or to rats throughout pregnancy and lactation resulted in developmental toxicity, including increased incidences of fetal malformations and mortality, at plasma exposures for clobazam and its major active metabolite, N-desmethylclobazam, below those expected at therapeutic doses in patients; data for other benzodiazepines suggest possibility of long-term effects on neurobehavioral and immunological function in animals following prenatal exposure to benzodiazepines at clinically relevant doses; drug should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefit to mother justifies potential risk to fetus; advise a pregnant woman and women of childbearing age of potential risk to a fetus
Infants born to mothers who have taken benzodiazepines during later stages of pregnancy can develop dependence, and subsequently withdrawal, during postnatal period; clinical manifestations of withdrawal or neonatal abstinence syndrome may include hypertonia, hyperreflexia, hypoventilation, irritability, tremors, diarrhea, and vomiting; these complications can appear shortly after delivery to 3 weeks after birth and persist from hours to several months depending on degree of dependence and pharmacokinetic profile of the benzodiazepine; symptoms may be mild and transient or severe; standard management for neonatal withdrawal syndrome has not yet been defined; observe newborns who are exposed to drug in utero during later stages of pregnancy for symptoms of withdrawal and manage accordingly
Laber and delivery
- Administration of benzodiazepines immediately prior to or during childbirth can result in a floppy infant syndrome, which is characterized by lethargy, hypothermia, hypotonia, respiratory depression, and difficulty feeding; floppy infant syndrome occurs mainly within first hours after birth and may last up to 14 days; observe exposed newborns for these symptoms and manage accordingly
Lactation
Drug is excreted in human milk; there are reports of sedation, poor feeding, and poor weight gain in infants exposed to benzodiazepines through breast milk; there are no data on effects of therapy on milk production; postmarketing experience suggests that breastfed infants of mothers taking benzodiazepines, may have effects of lethargy, somnolence, and poor sucking; effect of drug on milk production is unknown; developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with mother’s clinical need for drug and any potential adverse effects on breastfed infant from drug or from underlying maternal condition; infants exposed to this drug through breast milk should be monitored for sedation, poor feeding and poor weight gain
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
A 1,5-benzodiazepine, exact mechanism of action not fully understood; thought to potentiate GABAergic neurotransmission resulting from binding to GABA-A receptor
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability: 100%
Peak Plasma Time: 0.5-4 hr
Peak Plasma Concentration: Dose-proportional (linear)
AUC: Dose-proportional (linear)
Protein Bound: 80-90% (clobazam); 70% (N-desmethylclobazam)
Vd: 100 L
Half-life: 36-42 hr (clobazam); 72-82 hr (N-desmethylclobazam)
Dialyzable: Unknown
Excretion: 11% as metabolites feces (1% unchanged drug), 82% as metabolites urine (2% unchanged drug)
Metabolism
- Metabolized extensively by N-demethylation in the liver, primarily by CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by CYP2C19 and CYP2B6; active metabolite is extensively metabolized by CYP2C19
- Metabolites: N-desmethylclobazam is the major circulating active metabolite; at therapeutic doses, plasma concentration is 3-5 times higher than those of clobazam
- Enzyme substrate: CYP2C19 (active metabolite)
- Inhibitor: CYP2D6
- Inducer: Weak inhibitor of CYP3A4
Pharmacogenomics
Polymorphic CYP2C19 is the main enzyme that metabolizes the pharmacologically active metabolite N-desmethylclobazam
Compared to CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers, N-desmethylclobazam AUC and Cmax are approximately 3-5 times higher in poor metabolizers (eg, subjects with *2/*2 genotype) and 2 times higher in intermediate metabolizers (eg, subjects with *1/*2 genotype)
The prevalence of CYP2C19 poor metabolism differs depending on racial/ethnic background
Dosage in patients who are known CYP2C19 poor metabolizers may need to be adjusted
Systemic exposure for the parent drug, clobazam, is similar for both CYP2C19 poor and extensive metabolizers
Administration
Oral Administration
Individualize weight-based dose according to clinical efficacy and tolerability
Doses above 5 mg/day should be administered in divided doses twice daily (5 mg dose can be administered as a single daily dose)
When discontinuing, withdraw gradually; taper by decreasing the total daily dose by 5-10 mg/day on a weekly basis until discontinued
Oral tablet
- May take with or without food
- Tablets can be administered whole, broken in half along the score, or crushed and mixed in applesauce
Oral suspension
- May take with or without food
- Shake suspension well before every administration
- When administering, use only the oral dosing syringe provided with the product
- Insert the provided adapter firmly into the neck of the bottle before first use and keep the adapter in place for the duration of the usage of the bottle; to withdraw dose, insert dosing syringe into the adapter and invert the bottle then slowly pull back the plunger to prescribed dose
- After removing syringe from bottle adapter, slowly squirt oral suspension into the corner of the patient’s mouth
Oral soluble film
- May take with or without food
- Do not administer with liquids
- Apply film on top of the tongue where it adheres and dissolves
- As the film dissolves, saliva should be swallowed in a normal manner, but the patient should refrain from chewing, spitting or talking
- Only 1 oral film should be taken at a time; if a second film is needed to complete the dose, it should not be taken until the first film has completely dissolved
Storage
Tablets, oral suspension: Store at controlled room temperature 20-25°C (68-77°F)
Oral film: Store at controlled room temperature 20-25°C (68-77°F); excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F)
Oral suspension
- Store and dispense in original bottle in an upright position
- Use within 90 days of first opening the bottle; discard remaining suspension after 90 days
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sympazan oral - | 10 mg film |  | |
| Sympazan oral - | 5 mg film |  | |
| Sympazan oral - | 20 mg film |  | |
| Sympazan oral - | 5 mg film |  | |
| Sympazan oral - | 20 mg film |  | |
| Sympazan oral - | 10 mg film |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 20 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| clobazam oral - | 10 mg tablet |  | |
| Onfi oral - | 10 mg tablet | | |
| Onfi oral - | 2.5 mg/mL suspension |  | |
| Onfi oral - | 20 mg tablet | |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
clobazam oral
CLOBAZAM FILM - ORAL
(KLOE-ba-zam)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Sympazan
WARNING: Clobazam has a risk for abuse and addiction, which can lead to overdose and death. Taking this medication with alcohol or other drugs that can cause drowsiness or breathing problems (especially opioid medications such as codeine, hydrocodone) may cause very serious side effects, including death. To lower your risk, your doctor should have you take the smallest dose of clobazam that works, and take it for the shortest possible time. Be sure you know how to take clobazam and what other drugs you should avoid taking with it. See also Drug Interactions section. Get medical help right away if any of these very serious side effects occur: slow/shallow breathing, unusual lightheadedness, severe drowsiness/dizziness, difficulty waking up.Suddenly stopping this medication may cause serious (possibly fatal) withdrawal, especially if you have used it for a long time or in high doses. To prevent withdrawal, your doctor may lower your dose slowly. Tell your doctor or pharmacist right away if you have any withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hallucinations/confusion, depression, nausea, or seizures. Withdrawal symptoms may sometimes last weeks to months.
USES: This medication is used with other medications to help control seizures. It belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines, which act on the brain and nerves (central nervous system) to produce a calming effect. This drug works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body (GABA).
HOW TO USE: See also Warning section.Read the Medication Guide and Instructions for Use provided by your pharmacist before you start taking clobazam and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once or twice daily. If you are taking this medication once daily, then take it at bedtime. If you are taking this medication in divided doses, take the larger dose at bedtime.The dosage is based on your age, weight, medical condition, and response to treatment.Apply the medication on top of the tongue and let it dissolve. Do not chew, spit, talk, or drink any liquids while the medication is dissolving. Swallow saliva normally as the medication is dissolving. If your dose is for more than one film, let the first film fully dissolve before using the next film.Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.Though it helps many people, this medication may sometimes cause addiction. This risk may be higher if you have a substance use disorder (such as overuse of or addiction to drugs/alcohol). Take this medication exactly as prescribed to lower the risk of addiction. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.When this medication is used for a long time, it may not work as well. Talk with your doctor if this medication stops working well.Tell your doctor if your condition lasts or gets worse.
SIDE EFFECTS: See also Warning section.Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, constipation, fever, cough, drooling, or trouble sleeping may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as agitation, nervousness, confusion), muscle weakness, loss of coordination, trouble speaking, painful urination.A small number of people who take anticonvulsants for any condition (such as seizure, bipolar disorder, pain) may experience depression, suicidal thoughts/attempts, or other mental/mood problems. Tell your doctor right away if you or your family/caregiver notice any unusual/sudden changes in your mood, thoughts, or behavior including signs of depression, suicidal thoughts/attempts, thoughts about harming yourself.Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: slow/shallow breathing.Clobazam may rarely cause very serious (possibly fatal) skin reactions, especially during the first 8 weeks of treatment or when restarting treatment with this medication. Get medical help right away if you develop any of the following symptoms: skin rash/blisters/peeling, itching, or mouth sores. If you have a very serious skin reaction and your doctor says it was caused by clobazam, you should not take the medication again. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking clobazam, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other benzodiazepines (such as diazepam, lorazepam); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: muscle disorders (such as myasthenia gravis, weakness, loss of coordination), glaucoma, liver disease, personal or family history of a substance use disorder (such as overuse of or addiction to drugs/alcohol), mental/mood disorders (such as depression, psychosis), breathing problems (such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD, sleep apnea).Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis). Alcohol may also increase the drug levels.Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of the drug, especially drowsiness. This drug may also cause excitement instead of drowsiness in older adults.Children may be more sensitive to the effects of the drug. This drug can often cause excitement in young children instead of drowsiness.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. It may harm an unborn baby. Newborn babies of mothers who use this medication late in pregnancy may have symptoms such as slow/shallow breathing, nonstop crying, shaking, or trouble feeding. However, since untreated seizures are a serious condition that can harm both a pregnant woman and her unborn baby, do not stop taking this medication unless directed by your doctor. If you are planning pregnancy, become pregnant, or think you may be pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication. Since birth control pills, patches, implants, and injections may not work if taken with this medication (see also Drug Interactions section), discuss reliable forms of birth control with your doctor.This drug passes into breast milk and may have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also Warning section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug are: orlistat, sodium oxybate.Other medications can affect the removal of clobazam from your body, which may affect how clobazam works. Examples include fluconazole, fluvoxamine, among others.The risk of serious side effects (such as slow/shallow breathing, severe drowsiness/dizziness) may be increased if this medication is taken with other products that may also cause drowsiness or breathing problems. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.This medication may decrease the effectiveness of hormonal birth control such as pills, patch, or ring. This could cause pregnancy. Discuss with your doctor or pharmacist if you should use reliable backup birth control methods while using this medication. Also tell your doctor if you have any new spotting or breakthrough bleeding, because these may be signs that your birth control is not working well.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: confusion, weakness, severe drowsiness/dizziness, slow/shallow breathing, loss of consciousness, slowed/decreased reflexes.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others. Sharing it is against the law.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised February 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.
Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
