Dosing & Uses
Not prescribed for adults
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results

Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor

Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (27)
- aminobenzoate potassium
aminobenzoate potassium decreases effects of sulfisoxazole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- aminolevulinic acid oral
aminolevulinic acid oral, sulfisoxazole. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid administering other phototoxic drugs with aminolevulinic acid oral for 24 hr during perioperative period.
- aminolevulinic acid topical
sulfisoxazole increases toxicity of aminolevulinic acid topical by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of photosensitizing drugs may enhance the phototoxic reaction to photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid.
- antithrombin alfa
sulfisoxazole increases effects of antithrombin alfa by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of antithrombin alfa by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - antithrombin III
sulfisoxazole increases effects of antithrombin III by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of antithrombin III by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - argatroban
sulfisoxazole increases effects of argatroban by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of argatroban by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - BCG vaccine live
sulfisoxazole decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.
- bemiparin
sulfisoxazole increases effects of bemiparin by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of bemiparin by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - bivalirudin
sulfisoxazole increases effects of bivalirudin by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of bivalirudin by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - cholera vaccine
sulfisoxazole, cholera vaccine. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of cholera vaccine with systemic antibiotics since these agents may be active against the vaccine strain. Do not administer cholera vaccine to patients who have received oral or parenteral antibiotics within 14 days prior to vaccination.
- dabrafenib
sulfisoxazole increases levels of dabrafenib by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors may increase dabrafenib levels.
- dalteparin
sulfisoxazole increases effects of dalteparin by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of dalteparin by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - enoxaparin
sulfisoxazole increases effects of enoxaparin by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of enoxaparin by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - fondaparinux
sulfisoxazole increases effects of fondaparinux by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of fondaparinux by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - heparin
sulfisoxazole increases effects of heparin by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of heparin by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - ivosidenib
ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP2C9 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.
- methenamine
methenamine, sulfisoxazole. Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: This combination may form an insoluble precipitate in the urine, decreasing the effects of both agents.
- methotrexate
sulfisoxazole increases toxicity of methotrexate by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- methyl aminolevulinate
sulfisoxazole, methyl aminolevulinate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.
- microbiota oral
sulfisoxazole decreases effects of microbiota oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Microbiota oral contains bacterial spores. Antibacterial agents may decrease efficacy if coadministered. Complete antibiotic regimens 2-4 days before initiating microbiota oral. .
- pexidartinib
sulfisoxazole and pexidartinib both increase Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Pexidartinib can cause hepatotoxicity. Avoid coadministration of pexidartinib with other products know to cause hepatoxicity.
- phenindione
sulfisoxazole increases effects of phenindione by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of phenindione by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - pretomanid
sulfisoxazole, pretomanid. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Pretomanid regimen associated with hepatotoxicity. Avoid alcohol and hepatotoxic agents, including herbal supplements and drugs other than bedaquiline and linezolid.
- protamine
sulfisoxazole increases effects of protamine by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of protamine by plasma protein binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. - tretinoin
sulfisoxazole, tretinoin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.
- tretinoin topical
sulfisoxazole, tretinoin topical. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.
- typhoid vaccine live
sulfisoxazole decreases effects of typhoid vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.
Monitor Closely (47)
- alpelisib
alpelisib will decrease the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- bupivacaine implant
sulfisoxazole, bupivacaine implant. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Local anesthetics may increase the risk of developing methemoglobinemia when concurrently exposed to drugs that also cause methemoglobinemia.
- cannabidiol
cannabidiol will increase the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cannabidiol may potentially inhibit CYP2C9 activity. Consider reducing the dose when concomitantly using CYP2C9 substrates.
- chlorpropamide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of chlorpropamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- conjugated estrogens
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cyclosporine
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of cyclosporine by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dapsone topical
sulfisoxazole increases toxicity of dapsone topical by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. May induce methemoglobinemia .
- digoxin
sulfisoxazole will increase the level or effect of digoxin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF decreases levels of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Elvitegravir is a moderate CYP2C9 inducer.
- estradiol
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of estradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- estrogens conjugated synthetic
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of estrogens conjugated synthetic by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- estropipate
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of estropipate by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ethinylestradiol
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glimepiride
sulfisoxazole increases levels of glimepiride by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glipizide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of glipizide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glyburide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of glyburide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- insulin aspart
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin aspart by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin degludec
sulfisoxazole, insulin degludec. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin degludec by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring. - insulin degludec/insulin aspart
sulfisoxazole, insulin degludec/insulin aspart. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.
- insulin detemir
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin detemir by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin glargine
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin glargine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin glulisine
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin glulisine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin inhaled
sulfisoxazole, insulin inhaled. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease blood glucose.
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin inhaled by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring. - insulin isophane human/insulin regular human
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin isophane human/insulin regular human by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin lispro
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin lispro by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin NPH
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin NPH by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- insulin regular human
sulfisoxazole increases effects of insulin regular human by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of insulin and sulfonamide antibiotics may require insulin dosage adjustment and increased glucose monitoring.
- levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.
- lumacaftor/ivacaftor
lumacaftor/ivacaftor, sulfisoxazole. affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. In vitro studies suggest that lumacaftor may induce and ivacaftor may inhibit CYP2C9 substrates. .
- mestranol
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of mestranol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- methoxsalen
methoxsalen, sulfisoxazole. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive photosensitizing effects.
- nateglinide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of nateglinide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nitisinone
nitisinone will increase the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Nitisinone inhibits CYP2C9. Caution if CYP2C9 substrate coadministered, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic index.
- paclitaxel
sulfisoxazole will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors
- paclitaxel protein bound
sulfisoxazole will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel protein bound by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors
- promazine
promazine increases toxicity of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced myelosuppression.
- repaglinide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of repaglinide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rucaparib
rucaparib will increase the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP2C9 substrates, if clinically indicated.
- sparsentan
sparsentan will decrease the level or effect of sulfisoxazole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C9/10 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Sparsentan (a CYP2C9 inducer) decreases exposure of CYP2C9 substrates and reduces efficacy related to these substrates.
- tetracaine
tetracaine, sulfisoxazole. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Monitor for signs of methemoglobinemia when methemoglobin-inducing drugs are coadministered.
- tolazamide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of tolazamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tolbutamide
sulfisoxazole increases levels of tolbutamide by plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.
- valoctocogene roxaparvovec
sulfisoxazole and valoctocogene roxaparvovec both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Medications that may cause hepatotoxicity when combined with valoctogene roxaparvovec may potentiate the risk of elevated liver enzymes. Closely monitor these medications and consider alternative medications in case of potential drug interactions.
- voclosporin
voclosporin, sulfisoxazole. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with drugs associated with nephrotoxicity may increase the risk for acute and/or chronic nephrotoxicity.
Minor (49)
- amiloride
amiloride increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- aminohippurate sodium
sulfisoxazole, aminohippurate sodium. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: This substance interferes with chemical color development of aminohippurate (PAH) essential to accurate renal clearance analysis.
- aspirin
aspirin increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- aspirin rectal
aspirin rectal increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate
aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- balsalazide
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of balsalazide by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
balsalazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. - bendroflumethiazide
bendroflumethiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- biotin
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of biotin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- bumetanide
bumetanide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- chlorothiazide
chlorothiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- chlorthalidone
chlorthalidone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- choline magnesium trisalicylate
choline magnesium trisalicylate increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cyclopenthiazide
cyclopenthiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- diflunisal
diflunisal increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- drospirenone
drospirenone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ethacrynic acid
ethacrynic acid increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ethotoin
sulfisoxazole increases levels of ethotoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fosphenytoin
sulfisoxazole increases levels of fosphenytoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- furosemide
furosemide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- hydrochlorothiazide
hydrochlorothiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- indapamide
indapamide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- indomethacin
indomethacin increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- isocarboxazid
isocarboxazid increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- linezolid
linezolid increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- mesalamine
mesalamine increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- methohexital
sulfisoxazole increases levels of methohexital by plasma protein binding competition. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- methyclothiazide
methyclothiazide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- metolazone
metolazone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- mineral oil
mineral oil decreases levels of sulfisoxazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- niacin
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of niacin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pantothenic acid
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of pantothenic acid by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- phenelzine
phenelzine increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- phenytoin
sulfisoxazole increases levels of phenytoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- primaquine
primaquine, sulfisoxazole. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hemolysis in G6PD deficient pts.
- probenecid
probenecid increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pyridoxine
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pyridoxine (Antidote)
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine (Antidote) by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pyrimethamine
sulfisoxazole, pyrimethamine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased bone marrow toxicity.
- salicylates (non-asa)
salicylates (non-asa) increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- salsalate
salsalate increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- selegiline transdermal
selegiline transdermal increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- spironolactone
spironolactone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- sulfasalazine
sulfasalazine increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- thiamine
sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- torsemide
torsemide increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- tranylcypromine
tranylcypromine increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- triamterene
triamterene increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- verteporfin
sulfisoxazole, verteporfin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased phototoxicity.
- willow bark
willow bark increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
Frequency Not Defined
Abdominal pain and discomfort
Diarrhea
Lack or loss of appetite
Nausea
Vomiting
Anxiety
Arrythmia
Blood disorders
Blood or stone formation in urine
Bluish discoloration of skin
Chills
Colitis
Convulsions
Cough
Melena
Depression
Dermatitis
Difficulty/inability to urinate
Disorientation
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Dystonia
Exhaustion
Fainting
Fatigue
Fluid retention
Flushing
Fever
Gas
GI bleeding
Hallucinations
Headache
Hepatitis
Hives
Hypoglycemia
Insomnia
Itching
Polyuria
Stoamtitis
Redness & swelling of tongue
Tinnitus
Sensitivity to light
Severe allergic reactions
Severe skin welts or swelling
Shortness of breath
Skin rash
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Swelling around the eye
Temporary hearing loss
Vertigo
Weakness
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to macrolides, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazides
Term pregnancy
Lactation
Age <2 months
Porphyria
G-6-PD deficiency
Severe hepatic or renal impairment (CrCl <15 mL/min), documented megaloblastic or folate deficiency anemia, obstructive uropathy
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category: C
Lactation: enters breast milk
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Half-Life: 1-1.5 hr (erythromycin); 4.6-7.8 hr (sulfisoxazole)
Protein bound: 75-90% (erythromycin); 855 (sulfisoxazole)
Protein Bound: 75-90%
Peak Plasma Time of erythromycin: base: 4 hr; ethylsuccinate: 0.5-2.5 hr; delayed with food due to differences in absorption
Metabolized: in liver by demethylation (erythromycin); conjugated in liver (sulfisoxazole)
Excretion
Erythromycin
- Unchanged drug excreted and concentrated in bile
- Urine: <5%
Sulfisoxazole
- Urine: 50% in urine as unchanged drug
Mechanism of Action
Erythromycin: Erythromycin: Macrolide antibiotic; iInhibits bacterial growth, possibly by blocking dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes, causing RNA-dependent protein synthesis to arrest
Sulfisoxazole: Sulfonamide derivative; exerts bacteriostatic action by antagonizing para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), an essential component in folic acid synthesis
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