Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tablet

  • 75mg
  • 300mg

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI): 300 mg loading dose; initiating therapy without a loading dose will delay establishment of antiplatelet effect by several days; following the loading dose, administer 75 mg/day PO for up to 12 months; may administer beyond 12 months if used in combination with aspirin (75-100 mg/day); long-term combination therapy with aspirin, following stent placement, is individualized depending on how a patient tolerates long-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), whether they have stable coronary artery disease, and do NOT have risk factors (eg, TIA or stroke, age >75 years, bleeding risk, low body wt, concurrent medications)

ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI): 75 mg/day PO in combination with aspirin 162-325 mg/day and then 81-162 mg/day

<75 years

  • 300 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg for 14 days up to 12 months (if no bleeding)
  • Concomitant therapy with aspirin: Administer in combination with aspirin 75-325 mg qDay with or without thrombolytics

>75 years

  • No loading dose
  • 75 mg for 14 days up to 12 months (if no bleeding)

Recent MI, Stroke, or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease

75 mg PO qDay without a loading dose; recommended as alternative to aspirin or concomitantly with aspirin if patient not at increased risk for bleeding but at high risk for cardiovascular disease

Coronary Artery Disease

75 mg PO qDay

Cardioembolic Stroke

Prophylaxis if patient not candidate for oral anticoagulation

75 mg/day PO

Carotid Artery Stenting (Off-label)

300 mg PO plus aspirin 81-325 mg for 1 dose on day before carotid artery stenting (CAS), then 75 mg/day PO plus aspirin 81-325 mg/day for at least 30 days after CAS

Alternative: 300-600 mg PO once, then 75 mg/day for 4 days before CAS in combination with aspirin 81-325 mg/day

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment: Dose adjustment not necessary

Hepatic impairment: Use caution; experience limited

Dosing Considerations

CYP2C19 poor metabolizers associated with diminished antiplatelet response to clopidogrel; although higher-dose regimen (600 mg loading dose followed by 150 mg once daily) in poor metabolizers increases antiplatelet response, no appropriate dosing regimen for poor metabolizers has been established in clinical outcome trials

Not recommended

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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and clopidogrel

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            Contraindicated (2)

            • abrocitinib

              abrocitinib and clopidogrel both increase anticoagulation. Contraindicated. Antiplatelet drugs, except for low-dose aspirin (=81 mg qDay), during the first 3 months of treatment are contraindicated.

            • ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC) by decreasing metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors are shown to increase dasabuvir plasma concentrations (~10-fold), and therefore increase risk of QT prolongation

            Serious - Use Alternative (45)

            • antithrombin alfa

              antithrombin alfa, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • antithrombin III

              antithrombin III, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • apixaban

              clopidogrel and apixaban both increase anticoagulation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • argatroban

              argatroban, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • aspirin rectal

              aspirin rectal increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • bivalirudin

              bivalirudin, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • cangrelor

              cangrelor decreases effects of clopidogrel by receptor binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The expected antiplatelet effect of a 600 mg loading dose of clopidogrel was blocked when clopidogrel was administered during a cangrelor infusion. Therefore, clopidogrel should not be administered until cangrelor infusion is discontinued.

            • caplacizumab

              caplacizumab, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • carbamazepine

              carbamazepine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • cimetidine

              cimetidine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • clarithromycin

              clarithromycin will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • dalteparin

              dalteparin, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • erythromycin base

              erythromycin base will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • erythromycin ethylsuccinate

              erythromycin ethylsuccinate will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A44 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • erythromycin lactobionate

              erythromycin lactobionate will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • erythromycin stearate

              erythromycin stearate will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • eslicarbazepine acetate

              eslicarbazepine acetate decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel is metabolized by CYP2C19 enzyme to its active metabolite. Concomitant use of clopidogrel and CYP2C19 inhibitors may decrease plasma concentrations of the active metabolite of clopidogrel and reduction in platelet inhibition.

            • esomeprazole

              esomeprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • etrasimod

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of etrasimod by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased exposure of etrasimod expected in patients who are CYP2C9 poor metabolizers if coadministered with moderate to strong CYP2C8 inhibitors.

            • etravirine

              etravirine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • felbamate

              felbamate decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • fluoxetine

              fluoxetine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • fluvoxamine

              fluvoxamine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metaolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19.

            • fondaparinux

              fondaparinux, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • isoniazid

              isoniazid decreases effects of clopidogrel by decreasing metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitors decrease the conversion of clopidogrel to its active form.

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • modafinil

              modafinil decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • morphine

              morphine will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. coadministration of opioid agonists delay and reduce absorption of clopidogrel, presumably because of slowed gastric emptying, resulting in reduced exposure to its metabolites; consider use of parenteral antiplatelet agents in acute coronary syndrome patients requiring coadministration of morphine or other opioid agonists

            • nefazodone

              nefazodone will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

              nirmatrelvir/ritonavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel is a prodrug and is converted to its active metabolite via CYPs 3A4, 2B6, 2C19 and 1A2. Coadministration of clopidogrel and ritonavir-boosted HIV protease inhibitors has been evaluated in clinical studies and showed that ritonavir decreased the AUC and Cmax of clopidogrel?s active metabolite.

            • omeprazole

              omeprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • oxcarbazepine

              oxcarbazepine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • pacritinib

              clopidogrel will decrease the level or effect of pacritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • protamine

              protamine, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage.

            • rabeprazole

              rabeprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • repaglinide

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of repaglinide by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel inhibits CYP2C8. Coadministration significantly increases repaglinide serum levels. If unable to avoid coadministration, decrease initial repaglinide dose to 0.5 mg/meal and do not exceed 4 mg/day.

            • rifabutin

              rifabutin will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • rifampin

              rifampin will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • St John's Wort

              St John's Wort will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • ticlopidine

              ticlopidine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            • tucatinib

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of tucatinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of tucatinib (a CYP2C8 substrate) with a strong or moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increases tucatinib plasma concentrations and risk of toxicities.

            • voriconazole

              voriconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. .

            Monitor Closely (143)

            • acalabrutinib

              acalabrutinib increases effects of clopidogrel by anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of acalabrutinib with antiplatelets or anticoagulants may further increase risk of hemorrhage. Monitor for signs of bleeding and consider the benefit-risk of withholding acalabrutinib for 3-7 days presurgery and postsurgery depending upon the type of surgery and the risk of bleeding.

            • amobarbital

              amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • apalutamide

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of apalutamide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of apalutamide with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors does not require initial dosage modification; however, dose reduction may be needed based on tolerability.

            • aprepitant

              aprepitant will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • armodafinil

              armodafinil will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

              armodafinil decreases effects of clopidogrel by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitors decrease the conversion of clopidogrel to its active form.

            • artemether/lumefantrine

              artemether/lumefantrine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • aspirin

              aspirin, clopidogrel. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. The need for simultaneous use of low-dose aspirin and anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents are common for patients with cardiovascular disease; monitor closely.

            • aspirin rectal

              clopidogrel, aspirin rectal. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

              aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate, clopidogrel. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. The need for simultaneous use of low-dose aspirin and anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents are common for patients with cardiovascular disease; monitor closely.

            • atazanavir

              atazanavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • atogepant

              clopidogrel will decrease the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • azficel-T

              azficel-T, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with anticoagulants or antiplatelets may increase bruising or bleeding at biopsy and/or injection sites; concomitant use not recommended. Decisions regarding continued use or cessation of anticoagulants or antiplatelets should be made by a physician.

            • betrixaban

              clopidogrel, betrixaban. Either increases levels of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bortezomib

              bortezomib decreases effects of clopidogrel by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid concurrent use of CYP2C19 inhibitors with clopidogrel. Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of bortezomib, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.

            • bosentan

              bosentan will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • budesonide

              budesonide will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • bupropion

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of bupropion by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2B6 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Plasma concentrations of bupropion may be significantly increased when coadministered with clopidogrel or other CYP2B6 inhibitors. The increase in plasma bupropion concentrations may cause an increase in adverse reactions including tremor, headache, insomnia, dry mouth, nausea, or seizures.

            • butabarbital

              butabarbital will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • butalbital

              butalbital will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • celecoxib

              clopidogrel, celecoxib. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • choline magnesium trisalicylate

              clopidogrel, choline magnesium trisalicylate. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • cimetidine

              cimetidine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • citalopram

              citalopram increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SSRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • conivaptan

              conivaptan will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • cortisone

              cortisone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • cyclosporine

              cyclosporine will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • dabigatran

              dabigatran, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs have the potential to cause bleeding. Concomitant use may increase risk of bleeding.

            • daprodustat

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of daprodustat by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increase daprodustat exposure. If coadministered with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors, reduce daprodustat starting dose by half (except if starting dose is already 1 mg). Monitor hemoglobin and adjust daprodustat dose when initiating or stopping therapy with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors during treatment

            • darifenacin

              darifenacin will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • darunavir

              darunavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • dasatinib

              dasatinib will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • deferasirox

              deferasirox, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Gastric ulceration and GI bleeding have been reported in patients taking deferasirox, use caution when coadministering with other drugs known to increase the risk of peptic ulcers or gastric hemorrhage including anticoagulants.

            • defibrotide

              defibrotide increases effects of clopidogrel by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Defibrotide may enhance effects of platelet inhibitors.

            • desvenlafaxine

              desvenlafaxine increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SNRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • dexamethasone

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • dexlansoprazole

              dexlansoprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mean AUC of clopidogrel active metabolite was reduced by ~9% when dexlansoprazole was coadministered compared to administration of clopidogrel alone in healthy subjects who were CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to the active clopidogrel metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized in part by CYP2C19.

            • DHEA, herbal

              DHEA, herbal will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • diclofenac

              clopidogrel, diclofenac. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • diflunisal

              clopidogrel, diflunisal. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • diltiazem

              diltiazem will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of clopidogrel and a calcium channel blocking agent may decrease the effect of clopidogrel on platelet inhibition, possibly increasing the risk of atherothrombotic events. Clopidogrel requires hepatic biotransformation to an active metabolite, mediated by the 3A4 enzyme. Diltiazem is a 3A4 inhibitor and may decrease the hepatic metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite.

            • dronedarone

              dronedarone will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • duloxetine

              duloxetine increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SNRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • edoxaban

              edoxaban, clopidogrel. Either increases toxicity of the other by anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Both drugs have the potential to cause bleeding. The need for simultaneous use of platelet aggregation inhibitors with anticoagulants is common for patients with cardiovascular disease, but may result in increased bleeding; monitor closely. Promptly evaluate any signs or symptoms of blood loss.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • enoxaparin

              enoxaparin, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage; additive effects are intended when both drugs are prescribed as indicated for ACS.

            • escitalopram

              escitalopram increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SSRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • eslicarbazepine acetate

              eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4.

            • etodolac

              clopidogrel, etodolac. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • etravirine

              etravirine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • felodipine

              felodipine decreases effects of clopidogrel by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitors decrease the conversion of clopidogrel to its active form.

            • fenoprofen

              clopidogrel, fenoprofen. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • fish oil

              fish oil, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Patients taking fish oil and an anticoagulant or other drug affecting coagulation should be monitored periodically due to potential increased risk of bleeding. .

            • fish oil triglycerides

              fish oil triglycerides will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Prolonged bleeding reported in patients taking antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants and oral omega-3 fatty acids. Periodically monitor bleeding time in patients receiving fish oil triglycerides and concomitant antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants.

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole increases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • fludrocortisone

              fludrocortisone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • fluoxetine

              fluoxetine increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SSRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • flurbiprofen

              clopidogrel, flurbiprofen. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • fluvoxamine

              fluvoxamine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration may increase risk of bleeding

            • fosamprenavir

              fosamprenavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • fosaprepitant

              fosaprepitant will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • fosphenytoin

              fosphenytoin will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • grapefruit

              grapefruit will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • green tea

              green tea increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. (Theoretical interaction). Combination may increase risk of bleeding.

            • griseofulvin

              griseofulvin will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • heparin

              heparin, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Enhanced risk of hemorrhage; additive effects are intended when both drugs are prescribed as indicated for ACS.

            • hydrocortisone

              hydrocortisone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • ibrutinib

              ibrutinib will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Ibrutinib may increase the risk of hemorrhage in patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapies and monitor for signs of bleeding.

            • ibuprofen

              clopidogrel, ibuprofen. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • ibuprofen IV

              clopidogrel, ibuprofen IV. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • icosapent

              icosapent, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Icosapent may prolong bleeding time; monitor periodically if coadministered with other drugs that affect bleeding.

            • indinavir

              indinavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • indomethacin

              clopidogrel, indomethacin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • isoniazid

              isoniazid will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • ketoprofen

              clopidogrel, ketoprofen. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • ketorolac

              clopidogrel, ketorolac. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • ketorolac intranasal

              clopidogrel, ketorolac intranasal. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • lansoprazole

              lansoprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mean AUC of clopidogrel active metabolite was reduced by ~14% when lansoprazole was coadministered compared to administration of clopidogrel alone in healthy subjects who were CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to the active clopidogrel metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized in part by CYP2C19.

            • lapatinib

              lapatinib will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • letermovir

              letermovir increases levels of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • levomilnacipran

              levomilnacipran increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SNRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • lumefantrine

              lumefantrine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • marijuana

              marijuana will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • meclofenamate

              clopidogrel, meclofenamate. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • mefenamic acid

              clopidogrel, mefenamic acid. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • melatonin

              melatonin increases effects of clopidogrel by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Melatonin may decrease prothrombin time.

            • meloxicam

              clopidogrel, meloxicam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • methylprednisolone

              methylprednisolone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • metronidazole

              metronidazole will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • miconazole vaginal

              miconazole vaginal will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • milnacipran

              milnacipran increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SNRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • mipomersen

              mipomersen, clopidogrel. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Both drugs have potential to increase hepatic enzymes; monitor LFTs.

            • nabumetone

              clopidogrel, nabumetone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • naproxen

              clopidogrel, naproxen. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • nelfinavir

              nelfinavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • nevirapine

              nevirapine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • nilotinib

              nilotinib will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • nilutamide

              nilutamide will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • omega 3 carboxylic acids

              omega 3 carboxylic acids, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Patients taking omega-3 acids and an anticoagulant or other drug affecting coagulation should be monitored periodically due to potential increased risk of bleeding.

            • omega 3 fatty acids

              omega 3 fatty acids, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Patients taking omega-3-fatty acids and an anticoagulant or other drug affecting coagulation should be monitored periodically due to potential increased risk of bleeding. .

            • oseltamivir

              clopidogrel decreases levels of oseltamivir by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Clopidogrel may decrease serum concentrations of active metabolite(s) of oseltamivir. .

            • oxaprozin

              clopidogrel, oxaprozin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • oxcarbazepine

              oxcarbazepine decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • pantoprazole

              pantoprazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to the active clopidogrel metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized in part by CYP2C19. Pantoprazole prescribing information state that coadministration with clopidogrel had no clinically important effect on exposure to clopidogrel active metabolite; no dose adjustment of clopidogrel is required .

            • parecoxib

              parecoxib decreases effects of clopidogrel by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitors decrease the conversion of clopidogrel to its active form.

            • paroxetine

              paroxetine increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SSRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • pentobarbital

              pentobarbital will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • phenobarbital

              phenobarbital will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • phenytoin

              phenytoin will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • piracetam

              piracetam increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • piroxicam

              clopidogrel, piroxicam. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • porfimer

              clopidogrel decreases effects of porfimer by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • posaconazole

              posaconazole will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • prednisone

              prednisone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • primidone

              primidone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • quinupristin/dalfopristin

              quinupristin/dalfopristin will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • rifapentine

              rifapentine will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • ritonavir

              ritonavir will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • rivaroxaban

              rivaroxaban, clopidogrel. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Avoid concurrent administration of clopidogrel with rivaroxaban unless the benefit outweighs the risk of increased bleeding. .

            • rufinamide

              rufinamide will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • salsalate

              clopidogrel, salsalate. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • secobarbital

              secobarbital will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • selexipag

              clopidogrel will increase the level or effect of selexipag by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Selexipag is a ABCG2 (BCRP) substrate. Monitor selexipag for increased pharmacologic or adverse effects when coadministered with ABCG2 (BCRP) inhibitors.

            • selumetinib

              clopidogrel and selumetinib both increase anticoagulation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. An increased risk of bleeding may occur in patients taking a vitamin-K antagonist or an antiplatelet agent with selumetinib. Monitor for bleeding and INR or PT in patients coadministered a vitamin-K antagonist or an antiplatelet agent with selumetinib.

            • sertraline

              sertraline increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SSRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SSRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • sodium zirconium cyclosilicate

              sodium zirconium cyclosilicate will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by increasing gastric pH. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel active metabolite may be decreased. Separate administration by at least 2 hr.

            • sulfasalazine

              clopidogrel, sulfasalazine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • sulindac

              clopidogrel, sulindac. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • tazemetostat

              clopidogrel will decrease the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ticagrelor

              ticagrelor, clopidogrel. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Increased risk of bleeding during concomitant use of medications that increase potential for bleeding.

            • tolmetin

              clopidogrel, tolmetin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Clopidogrel and NSAIDs both inhibit platelet aggregation.

            • topiramate

              topiramate will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

              triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • ubrogepant

              clopidogrel will decrease the level or effect of ubrogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Dose adjustment is recommended with concomitant use of ubrogepant and moderate and weak CYP3A4 inducers. (see Dosage Modifications)

            • venlafaxine

              venlafaxine increases effects of clopidogrel by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. SNRIs affect platelet activation; coadministration of SNRIs with clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding.

            • verapamil

              verapamil will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            • vonoprazan

              vonoprazan will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Vonoprazan may reduce plasma concentrations of the active metabolite of clopidogrel and may cause reduction in platelet inhibition.

            • vorapaxar

              clopidogrel, vorapaxar. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or other drug affecting coagulation should be monitored periodically due to potential increased risk of bleeding.

            • voriconazole

              voriconazole decreases effects of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clopidogrel efficacy may be reduced by drugs that inhibit CYP3A4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. Clopidogrel is metabolized to this active metabolite in part by CYP3A4. .

            • vortioxetine

              clopidogrel, vortioxetine. Either increases effects of the other by anticoagulation. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • warfarin

              clopidogrel, warfarin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Drugs with antiplatelet properties may increase anticoagulation effect of warfarin.

            • zafirlukast

              zafirlukast will decrease the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Inhibition of CYP3A4 will reduce clopidogrel bioactivation

            Minor (13)

            • aspirin rectal

              clopidogrel increases levels of aspirin rectal by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • devil's claw

              devil's claw, clopidogrel. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May prolong bleeding time. Conflicting evidence.ÿ Use with caution.

            • ethotoin

              clopidogrel increases levels of ethotoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • fluvastatin

              clopidogrel increases levels of fluvastatin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • fosphenytoin

              clopidogrel increases levels of fosphenytoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ginger

              ginger, clopidogrel. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May prolong bleeding time. Conflicting evidence. Use with caution.

            • ginkgo biloba

              ginkgo biloba, clopidogrel. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May prolong bleeding time. Conflicting evidence. Use with caution.

            • horse chestnut seed

              horse chestnut seed, clopidogrel. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May prolong bleeding time. Theoretical. Use with caution.

            • phenytoin

              clopidogrel increases levels of phenytoin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • salicylates (non-asa)

              clopidogrel increases levels of salicylates (non-asa) by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • tolbutamide

              clopidogrel increases levels of tolbutamide by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • torsemide

              clopidogrel increases levels of torsemide by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • verteporfin

              clopidogrel decreases effects of verteporfin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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            Adverse Effects

            1-10%

            Upper respiratory tract infection (8.7%)

            Chest pain (8.3%)

            Headache (7.6%)

            Flulike syndrome (7.5%)

            Arthralgia (6%)

            Pain (6%)

            Dizziness (6%)

            Diarrhea (4.5%)

            Rash (4.2%)

            Rhinitis (4.2%)

            Depression (3.6%)

            Urinary tract infection (3.1%)

            <1%

            Severe neutropenia

            Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

            Acute liver failure

            Aplastic anemia

            Hypotension

            Hepatitis

            Myalgia

            Eczema

            Erythema

            Agranulocytosis

            Postmarketing Reports

            Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia/pancytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), acquired hemophilia A

            Eye disorders: Eye (conjunctival, ocular, retinal) bleeding

            Gastrointestinal disorders: Gastrointestinal and retroperitoneal hemorrhage with fatal outcome, colitis (including ulcerative or lymphocytic colitis), pancreatitis, stomatitis, gastric/duodenal ulcer, diarrhea

            General disorders and administration site condition: Fever, hemorrhage of operative wound

            Hepato-biliary disorders: Acute liver failure, hepatitis (non-infectious), abnormal liver function test

            Immune system disorders: Hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylactoid reactions, serum sickness

            Musculoskeletal, connective tissue and bone disorders: Musculoskeletal bleeding, myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis

            Nervous system disorders: Taste disorders, fatal intracranial bleeding, headache

            Psychiatric disorders: Confusion, hallucinations

            Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Bronchospasm, interstitial pneumonitis, respiratory tract bleeding, eosinophilic pneumonia

            Renal and urinary disorders: Increased creatinine levels

            Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Maculopapular, erythematous, or exfoliative rash, urticaria, bullous dermatitis, eczema, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, angioedema, drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), erythema multiforme, skin bleeding, lichen planus, generalized pruritus, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)

            Vascular disorders: Vasculitis, hypotension

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            Warnings

            Black Box Warnings

            Clopidogrel's antiplatelet activity is dependent on conversion to an active metabolite by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, principally CYP2C19

            Tests are available to identify patients who are CYP2C19 poor metabolizers

            Consider use of another platelet P2Y12 inhibitor in patients identified as CYP2C19 poor metabolizers

            Contraindications

            Hypersensitivity

            Active pathologic bleeding (eg, peptic ulcer, intracranial hemorrhage)

            Cautions

            Use with caution in patients with bleeding or platelet disorders

            Premature discontinuation increases risk of cardiovascular events; discontinue 5 days prior to elective surgery that has a major risk of bleeding

            Use caution in patients with atrial fibrillation; assess bleeding risk carefully; significant increase in major bleeding events reported in patients receiving clopidogrel plus aspirin instead of aspirin alone

            Patients allergic to aspirin who are undergoing PCI; see American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) recommendations

            Rare but potentially fatal thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with use

            Risk of bleeding with potentially fatal outcome

            Hepatic or renal impairment

            Allergic cross-reactivity including rash, angioedema, or hematologic reaction among thienopyridines (eg, ticlopidine, prasugrel) reported; evaluate patient for history of hypersensitivity

            Use caution in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment

            Use caution or avoid in patients with hypersensitivity or hematologic reactions to previous thienopyridine use, including ticlopidine and prasugrel

            Risk factors for bleeding include concomitant use of other drugs that increase the risk of bleeding (eg, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and chronic use of NSAIDs)

            Premature interruption of therapy may result in stent thrombosis with subsequent fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction; duration of therapy is determined by type of stent placed

            P2Y12 inhibitors (thienopyridines), including clopidogrel, inhibit platelet aggregation for lifetime of platelet (7-10 days); because half-life of clopidogrel’s active metabolite is short, it may be possible to restore hemostasis by administering exogenous platelets; however, platelet transfusions within 4 hours of loading dose or 2 hours of the maintenance dose may be less effective

            May increase risk of major hemorrhage in patients with recent lacunar stroke

            CYP2C19 inhibition & poor metabolizers

            • Metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite can be impaired by genetic variations in CYP2C19
            • Clopidogrel is a prodrug and requires CYP2C19 to convert to active metabolite; inhibition of platelet aggregation is entirely due to active metabolite
            • CYP2C19*2 and *3 alleles have no functional metabolism of clopidogrel to active metabolite; CYP2C19*4, *5, *6, *7, and *8 may be associated with absent or reduced metabolism of clopidogrel but are less frequent than CYP2C19*2 and *3
            • >50% of Asians have CYP2C19 genetic variants that inhibit clopidogrel metabolism
            • Use of CYP2C19 inhibitors (eg, proton pump inhibitors [PPIs]) or use in poor metabolizers may decrease formation of active metabolite, thereby decreasing antiplatelet effect; observational studies and 1 randomized clinical trial have shown concomitant use of clopidogrel and PPIs to have inconsistent effects on cardiovascular outcomes
            • Use of drugs that induce the activity of CYP2C19 would be expected to result in increased drug levels of the active metabolite of clopidogrel and might potentiate bleeding risk; as a precaution, avoid concomitant use of strong CYP2C19 inducers
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            Pregnancy & Lactation

            Pregnancy

            Available data from cases reported over two decades in published literature and postmarketing surveillance have not identified any drug-associated risks for major birth defects or miscarriage; there are risks to pregnant woman and fetus associated with myocardial infarction and stroke

            Myocardial infarction and stroke are medical emergencies; therapy for pregnant woman should not be withheld because of potential concerns regarding effects of clopidogrel on the fetus

            Labor or delivery

            • Therapy during labor or delivery will increase risk of maternal bleeding and hemorrhage; avoid neuraxial blockade during clopidogrel use because of risk of spinal hematoma; when possible, discontinue therapy 5-7 days prior to labor, delivery, or neuraxial blockade

            Animal data

            • Embryo-fetal development studies performed showed no evidence of fetotoxicity when drug administered to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis at doses corresponding to 65 and 78 times the recommended daily human dose

            Lactation

            There are no data on presence of drug in human milk or effects on milk production; no adverse effects on breastfed infants observed during lactation in a small number of postmarketing cases; studies in rats have shown that clopidogrel and/or its metabolites are present in milk; when a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk; consider developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed infant from drug or underlying maternal condition

            Pregnancy Categories

            A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

            B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

            C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

            D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

            X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

            NA: Information not available.

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            Pharmacology

            Mechanism of Action

            Inhibitor of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced pathway for platelet aggregation

            Absorption

            Bioavailability: >50%

            Onset: 2 hr

            Peak serum time: 0.75 hr

            Peak plasma concentration: 3 mg/L

            Distribution

            Protein bound: 98%

            Metabolism

            Metabolized in liver by hepatic CYP450 enzymes (in vitro by CYP3A4, CYP2C19 [predominantly], others) to generate active metabolite and also by esterase to generate inactive metabolite

            Metabolites: Thiol (active); further activation of thiol metabolite is required through hydrolysis via paraoxonase-1 (PON-1); allele variation of PON-1 may inhibit activation and increase risk for stent thrombosis

            Elimination

            Half-life: 6 hr (parent drug); 30 min (active metabolite)

            Excretion: Urine (50%), feces (46%)

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            Images

            BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
            clopidogrel oral
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            clopidogrel oral
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            clopidogrel oral
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            75 mg tablet
            Plavix oral
            -
            75 mg tablet

            Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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            Patient Handout

            Patient Education
            clopidogrel oral

            CLOPIDOGREL - ORAL

            (kloe-PID-oh-grel)

            COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Plavix

            USES: Clopidogrel is used to prevent heart attacks and strokes in persons with heart disease (recent heart attack), recent stroke, or blood circulation disease (peripheral vascular disease).It is also used with aspirin to treat new/worsening chest pain (new heart attack, unstable angina) and to keep blood vessels open and prevent blood clots after certain procedures (such as cardiac stent).Clopidogrel works by blocking platelets from sticking together and prevents them from forming harmful clots. It is an antiplatelet drug. It helps keep blood flowing smoothly in your body.

            HOW TO USE: Read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start taking clopidogrel and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once daily. Take this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day.The dosage and length of treatment are based on your medical condition and response to treatment. If you are taking this medication to prevent clots after a stent implant or other procedure, take this medication with aspirin for many months to years after the procedure (depending on the procedure/type of stent) as directed by your doctor. Consult your doctor for more details and about the risks of stopping early. Keep taking this medication even if you feel well. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while using this medication unless your doctor or pharmacist says you may do so safely. Grapefruit can increase the chance of side effects with this medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.Get medical help right away if you have any signs that this medication is not working, such as symptoms of a new heart attack or stroke (such as chest/jaw/left arm pain, shortness of breath, unusual sweating, weakness on one side of the body, trouble speaking, sudden vision changes, confusion).

            SIDE EFFECTS: Easy bleeding/bruising, stomach upset/pain, diarrhea, and constipation may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Although unlikely, serious bleeding in the stomach, gut, eyes, or brain may occur. Also, clopidogrel can rarely cause a very serious blood disorder (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-TTP). Symptoms may appear any time after starting this medication. Get medical help right away if any of these symptoms occur: severe stomach/abdominal pain, uncontrolled bleeding from gums or nose, bloody/black stools, confusion, fever, extreme skin paleness, purple skin patches, fainting, fast heartbeat, sudden severe headache, unusual weakness/tiredness, vomit with blood or that looks like coffee grounds, trouble speaking, vision changes, seizures, yellowing eyes/skin, bloody/red/pink/dark urine, signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine).A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

            PRECAUTIONS: Before taking clopidogrel, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to similar antiplatelet drugs (thienopyridines such as prasugrel); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: bleeding conditions (such as stomach ulcers, bleeding in the brain/eye), recent surgery, serious injury/trauma, liver disease, bleeding disease (such as hemophilia).To lower the chance of getting cut, bruised, or injured, use caution with sharp objects like razors and nail cutters, and avoid activities such as contact sports.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products). Your doctor may instruct you to stop clopidogrel for at least 5 days before surgery. Do not stop taking clopidogrel without talking with your heart doctor (cardiologist) first.This medicine may cause stomach bleeding. Daily use of alcohol while using this medicine may increase your risk for stomach bleeding. Limit alcoholic beverages. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about how much alcohol you may safely drink.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

            DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also How to Use section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.A product that may interact with this drug is: tipranavir.If you are currently taking aspirin, consult your doctor promptly and ask whether to continue or stop taking it with this medication for your specific condition (aspirin and clopidogrel may be used in combination after a coronary stent procedure, or for some heart conditions). If you are not currently taking aspirin, consult your doctor before starting it for any medical condition.Other medications can affect the removal of clopidogrel from your body, which may affect how clopidogrel works. Examples include certain acid reducers (proton pump inhibitors/PPIs such as omeprazole, esomeprazole), cimetidine, etravirine, felbamate, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, ketoconazole, rifampin, ticlopidine, voriconazole, among others.Clopidogrel can slow down the removal of other drugs from your body, which may affect how they work. Examples of affected drugs include repaglinide, among others.Check all prescription and nonprescription medicine labels carefully since many medications contain pain relievers/fever reducers (NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin). These drugs may increase the risk of bleeding/antiplatelet effect when used with clopidogrel. Ask your pharmacist about using these products safely.

            OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

            NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as complete blood count) may be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

            MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

            STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

            MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).

            Information last revised March 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.

            IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

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            Formulary

            FormularyPatient Discounts

            Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.

            To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.

            Adding plans allows you to:

            • View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
            • Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
            • Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
            • Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.

            The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

            Tier Description
            1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
            2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
            3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
            4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
            Code Definition
            PA Prior Authorization
            Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
            QL Quantity Limits
            Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
            ST Step Therapy
            Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
            OR Other Restrictions
            Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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            Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.