Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule (Spiriva Handihaler; powder for oral inhalation)
- 18mcg
solution for inhalation (Spiriva Respimat)
- 1.25mcg/actuation
- 2.5mcg/actuation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); reduction of COPD exacerbations
Spiriva Handihaler: 2 PO inhalations of 1 capsule (18 mcg) qDay via HandiHaler inhalation device
Spiriva Respimat: 5 mcg (2 actuations; 2.5 mcg/actuation) inhaled PO qDay
Asthma
Indicated for long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of asthma in patients aged ≥12 yr
Spiriva Respimat: 2.5 mcg (2 actuations; 1.25 mcg/actuation) inhaled PO qDay
Dosage Modifications
CrCl <50 mL/min: Use only if benefit outweighs potential risk
Cystic Fibrosis (Orphan)
Improvement of pulmonary function in conjunction with standard therapy in management of patients with cystic fibrosis
Orphan indication sponsor
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, PO Box 368, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877
Dosage Forms & Strengths
solution for inhalation (Spiriva Respimat)
- 1.25mcg/actuation
Asthma
Indicated for long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of asthma in patients aged ≥6 yr
Spiriva Respimat: 2.5 mcg (2 actuations; 1.25 mcg/actuation) inhaled PO qDay
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (1)
- umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled
tiotropium, umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Duplicate therapy.
Serious - Use Alternative (4)
- glucagon
glucagon increases toxicity of tiotropium by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Coadministration of anticholinergic drugs and glucagon increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions due to additive effects on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. .
- glucagon intranasal
glucagon intranasal increases toxicity of tiotropium by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Coadministration of anticholinergic drugs and glucagon increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions due to additive effects on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. .
- pramlintide
pramlintide, tiotropium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Synergistic inhibition of GI motility.
- revefenacin
revefenacin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may cause additive anticholinergic effects.
Monitor Closely (94)
- abobotulinumtoxinA
abobotulinumtoxinA increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Use of anticholinergic drugs after administration of botulinum toxin-containing products may potentiate systemic anticholinergic effects. .
- amantadine
tiotropium, amantadine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased anticholinergic adverse effects.
- amitriptyline
tiotropium and amitriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- amoxapine
tiotropium and amoxapine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- anticholinergic/sedative combos
anticholinergic/sedative combos and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- aripiprazole
tiotropium decreases levels of aripiprazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of aripiprazole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
aripiprazole increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - atracurium
atracurium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atropine
atropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atropine IV/IM
atropine IV/IM and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- belladonna alkaloids
belladonna alkaloids and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- belladonna and opium
belladonna and opium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- benperidol
tiotropium decreases levels of benperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of benperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
benperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - benztropine
benztropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic adverse effects may be seen with concurrent use.
- bethanechol
bethanechol increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- carbachol
carbachol increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cevimeline
cevimeline increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- chlorpromazine
tiotropium decreases levels of chlorpromazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of chlorpromazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
chlorpromazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - cisatracurium
cisatracurium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- clomipramine
tiotropium and clomipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- clozapine
tiotropium decreases levels of clozapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of clozapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
clozapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - cyclizine
cyclizine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- darifenacin
darifenacin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- desipramine
tiotropium and desipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dicyclomine
dicyclomine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- diphenhydramine
diphenhydramine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- donepezil
donepezil increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- donepezil transdermal
donepezil transdermal, tiotropium. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dosulepin
tiotropium and dosulepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- doxepin
tiotropium and doxepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- droperidol
tiotropium decreases levels of droperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of droperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
droperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - echothiophate iodide
echothiophate iodide increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fesoterodine
fesoterodine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- flavoxate
flavoxate and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fluphenazine
tiotropium decreases levels of fluphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of fluphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
fluphenazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - galantamine
galantamine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glycopyrrolate
glycopyrrolate and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glycopyrrolate inhaled
glycopyrrolate inhaled and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- glycopyrronium tosylate topical
glycopyrronium tosylate topical, tiotropium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of glycopyrronium tosylate topical with other anticholinergic medications may result in additive anticholinergic adverse effects.
- haloperidol
tiotropium decreases levels of haloperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of haloperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
haloperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - henbane
henbane and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- homatropine
homatropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- huperzine A
huperzine A increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- hyoscyamine
hyoscyamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- hyoscyamine spray
hyoscyamine spray and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- iloperidone
tiotropium decreases levels of iloperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of iloperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
iloperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - imipramine
tiotropium and imipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ipratropium
ipratropium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Due to the poor systemic absorption of ipratropium, interaction unlikely at regularly recommended dosages.
- levodopa
tiotropium, levodopa. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Anticholinergic agents may enhance the therapeutic effects of levodopa; however, anticholinergic agents can exacerbate tardive dyskinesia. In high dosage, anticholinergics may decrease the effects of levodopa by delaying its GI absorption. .
- lofepramine
tiotropium and lofepramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- loxapine
tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
loxapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - loxapine inhaled
loxapine inhaled increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.
tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. - maprotiline
tiotropium and maprotiline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- meclizine
meclizine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- methscopolamine
methscopolamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- neostigmine
neostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nortriptyline
tiotropium and nortriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- olanzapine
tiotropium decreases levels of olanzapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of olanzapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
olanzapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - onabotulinumtoxinA
onabotulinumtoxinA and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- orphenadrine
tiotropium and orphenadrine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- oxybutynin
oxybutynin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- oxybutynin topical
oxybutynin topical and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- oxybutynin transdermal
oxybutynin transdermal and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- paliperidone
tiotropium decreases levels of paliperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of paliperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
paliperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - pancuronium
pancuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- perphenazine
tiotropium decreases levels of perphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of perphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
perphenazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - physostigmine
physostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pilocarpine
pilocarpine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pimozide
tiotropium decreases levels of pimozide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of pimozide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
pimozide increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - pralidoxime
pralidoxime and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- prochlorperazine
tiotropium decreases levels of prochlorperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of prochlorperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
prochlorperazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - promethazine
tiotropium decreases levels of promethazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of promethazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
promethazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - propantheline
propantheline and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- protriptyline
tiotropium and protriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pyridostigmine
pyridostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- quetiapine
tiotropium decreases levels of quetiapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of quetiapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
quetiapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - rapacuronium
rapacuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- risperidone
tiotropium decreases levels of risperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of risperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
risperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - rocuronium
rocuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- scopolamine
scopolamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- solifenacin
solifenacin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- succinylcholine
succinylcholine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.
- thioridazine
tiotropium decreases levels of thioridazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of thioridazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
thioridazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - thiothixene
tiotropium decreases levels of thiothixene by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of thiothixene by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
thiothixene increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - tolterodine
tiotropium and tolterodine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- trazodone
tiotropium and trazodone both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- trifluoperazine
tiotropium decreases levels of trifluoperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of trifluoperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
trifluoperazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - trihexyphenidyl
tiotropium and trihexyphenidyl both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for additive anticholinergic effects.
- trimipramine
tiotropium and trimipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- trospium chloride
tiotropium and trospium chloride both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- umeclidinium bromide
umeclidinium bromide and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. If possible, avoid coadministration of additional anticholinergic agents
- vecuronium
tiotropium and vecuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ziprasidone
tiotropium decreases levels of ziprasidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of ziprasidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
ziprasidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. - zotepine
tiotropium decreases levels of zotepine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
tiotropium decreases levels of zotepine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
Minor (3)
- dimenhydrinate
dimenhydrinate increases toxicity of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive anticholinergic effects.
- donepezil
donepezil decreases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- galantamine
galantamine decreases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Upper respiratory tract infection (41%)
Dry mouth (16%)
Sinusitis (11%)
1-10%
Abdominal pain
Allergic reaction
Angina pectoris (including aggravated angina pectoris)
Cataract
Chest pain (nonspecific)
Constipation
Depression
Dyspepsia
Dysphonia
Edema
Epistaxis
Gastroesophageal reflux
Herpes zoster
Hypercholesterolemia
Hyperglycemia
Infection
Laryngitis
Leg pain
Moniliasis
Myalgia
Paresthesia
Pharyngitis
Rash
Rhinitis
Skeletal pain
Stomatitis (including ulcerative stomatitis)
Urinary tract infection
Vomiting
<1%
Angioedema
Fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Urinary retention
Postmarketing Reports
Bronchospasm
Glossitis
Dehydration
Insomnia
Warnings
Contraindications
History of hypersensitivity to ipratropium or tiotropium
History of severe hypersensitivity to milk proteins (excipient in powder contained in capsule)
Lactose allergy
Cautions
Not for acute use; not a rescue medication
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions (eg, angioedema, itching, rash); stop treatment immediately
Capsule not to be swallowed; to be administered only by PO inhalation via HandiHaler device
Worsening of narrow-angle glaucoma
Worsening of urinary retention
Potential for paradoxical bronchospasm
Prostatic hyperplasia
Bladder-neck obstruction
Wash hands after handling capsules
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
The limited human data with therapy during pregnancy are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk of adverse pregnancy-related outcomes
Poorly or moderately controlled asthma in pregnancy increases maternal risk of preeclampsia and infant prematurity, low birth weight, and small for gestational age; level of asthma control should be closely monitored in pregnant women and treatment adjusted as necessary to maintain optimal control
Lactation
There are no data on presence of tiotropium in human milk, effects on breastfed infant, or effects on milk production; tiotropium is present in milk of lactating rats; however, clinical relevance of these data are not clear. the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed child from therapy or from underlying maternal condition
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Long-acting antimuscarinic agent, often referred to as anticholinergic
Inhibits M3-receptors at smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation
Absorption
Bioavailability: 19.5%
Onset: 30 min
Duration: >24 hr
Time to peak effect: 1-4 hr
Distribution
Protein bound: 72%
Vd: 32 L/kg
Metabolism
Metabolized in liver via CYP450-dependent oxidation and subsequent glutathione conjugation
Elimination
Half-life: 5-6 days
Total body clearance: 880 mL/min
Excretion: Urine
Administration
Oral Inhalation
Spiriva Respimat: Premeasured dose in slow-moving mist for oral inhalation; delivers medication in a way that does not depend on how fast air is breathed in from the inhaler
To receive the full dose of medication, Spiriva Respimat must be administered as 2 inhalations once-daily (ie, 2 inhalations of 2.5 mcg [5 mcg] for COPD; 2 inhalations of 1.25 mcg [2.5 mcg] for asthma)
Spiriva Handihaler: Powder for inhalation; device is dependent on the patient's ability to inhale the powder
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spiriva with HandiHaler inhalation - | 18 mcg capsule |  | |
| Spiriva with HandiHaler inhalation - | 18 mcg capsule |  | |
| Spiriva with HandiHaler inhalation - | 18 mcg capsule |  | |
| Spiriva Respimat inhalation - | 1.25 mcg/actuation inhalation |  | |
| Spiriva Respimat inhalation - | 2.5 mcg/actuation inhalation |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
tiotropium bromide inhalation
TIOTROPIUM POWDER IN CAPSULE - INHALATION
(TYE-oh-TROE-pee-um)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Spiriva
USES: Tiotropium is used to control and prevent symptoms (such as wheezing, shortness of breath) caused by ongoing lung disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD which includes bronchitis and emphysema). It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they open up and you can breathe more easily. Tiotropium belongs to a class of drugs known as anticholinergics. Controlling symptoms of breathing problems can decrease time lost from work or school.This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden breathing problems. If wheezing or sudden shortness of breath occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler (such as albuterol, also called salbutamol in some countries) as prescribed.
HOW TO USE: Read the Patient Information Leaflet and instruction sheet if available from your pharmacist before you start using tiotropium and each time you get a refill. Learn how to use this inhaler properly. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Do not swallow these capsules by mouth. Use the special inhaler to inhale the powder in the capsules. Inhale this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually once daily. Inhale 2 times per capsule to make sure you inhale all of the drug. Do not breathe out into the mouthpiece at any time. Avoid getting this medication into your eyes. It may cause eye pain/irritation, temporary blurred vision, and other vision changes.If you are using other inhalers at the same time, wait at least 1 minute between the use of each medication.Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. This medication works best if used at evenly spaced intervals. To help you remember, use it at the same time each day. Do not increase your dose, use this medication more often, or stop using it without first consulting your doctor.Rinse your mouth after using the inhaler to prevent dry mouth and throat irritation.Clean the inhaler at least once a month with water. Allow to air-dry fully before using again.Learn which of your inhalers you should use every day and which you should use if your breathing suddenly worsens (quick-relief drugs). Ask your doctor ahead of time what you should do if you have new or worsening cough or shortness of breath, wheezing, increased sputum, waking up at night with trouble breathing, if you use your quick-relief inhaler more often, or if your quick-relief inhaler does not seem to be working well. Learn when you can treat sudden breathing problems by yourself and when you must get medical help right away.Tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve or if they worsen.
SIDE EFFECTS: Dry mouth, constipation, or dizziness may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Rarely, this medication may cause severe sudden worsening of breathing problems right after use. If you have sudden worsening of breathing, use your quick-relief inhaler and get medical help right away.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: difficult/painful urination, fast heartbeat.Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: eye pain/swelling/redness, vision changes (such as seeing rainbows around lights at night, blurred vision).A very serious allergic reaction to this product is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before using tiotropium, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it or to ipratropium; or to atropine or other belladonna-type drugs; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients (such as milk proteins), which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, personal or family history of glaucoma (angle-closure type), difficulty urinating (for example, due to enlarged prostate).This drug may make you dizzy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially dry mouth and constipation. Older men may also be at greater risk for difficulty urinating while using this drug.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug include: other anticholinergics (such as ipratropium).
OVERDOSE: This medication will not work and may be harmful if swallowed. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Use your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store the capsules at room temperature away from light and moisture. Keep the capsules in the blister package until ready to use. Do not store capsules in the inhaler device. Once the blister package for a capsule is opened, that capsule should be used right away. Discard any capsule that has its blister package opened and not used right away. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised May 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.
Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
