tiotropium/olodaterol inhaled (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Stiolto Respimat

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

tiotropium bromide/olodaterol inhaled

inhalation spray

  • (3.124mcg/2.736mcg)/actuation (equivalent to 2.5mcg/2.5mcg)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Indicated for long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema

Inhale 2 actuations PO qDay at the same time of the day

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment

  • No dosage adjustment required
  • Moderate-to-severe (≤60 mL/min): Monitor closely for anticholinergic adverse effects

Hepatic impairment

  • Mild-to-moderate: No dose adjustment required
  • Severe: Not studied

Dosing Considerations

Not indicated to treat acute deteriorations of COPD

Not indicated to treat asthma

Safety and efficacy not established

Next:

Interactions

Interaction Checker

and tiotropium/olodaterol inhaled

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            Contraindicated (1)

            • umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled

              tiotropium, umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Duplicate therapy.

            Serious - Use Alternative (7)

            • amisulpride

              amisulpride and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. ECG monitoring is recommended if coadministered.

            • chloroquine

              chloroquine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • fexinidazole

              fexinidazole and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fexinidazole with drugs known to block potassium channels or prolong QT interval.

            • glucagon

              glucagon increases toxicity of tiotropium by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Coadministration of anticholinergic drugs and glucagon increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions due to additive effects on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. .

            • glucagon intranasal

              glucagon intranasal increases toxicity of tiotropium by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Coadministration of anticholinergic drugs and glucagon increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions due to additive effects on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. .

            • lefamulin

              lefamulin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • pramlintide

              pramlintide, tiotropium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Synergistic inhibition of GI motility.

            Monitor Closely (225)

            • abiraterone

              abiraterone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • abobotulinumtoxinA

              abobotulinumtoxinA increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Use of anticholinergic drugs after administration of botulinum toxin-containing products may potentiate systemic anticholinergic effects. .

            • acebutolol

              acebutolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • albuterol

              albuterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

              albuterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • alfuzosin

              alfuzosin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • amantadine

              tiotropium, amantadine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased anticholinergic adverse effects.

            • amiodarone

              amiodarone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • amitriptyline

              amitriptyline and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium and amitriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • amoxapine

              amoxapine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium and amoxapine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • anticholinergic/sedative combos

              anticholinergic/sedative combos and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • apomorphine

              apomorphine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • arformoterol

              arformoterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

              arformoterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • aripiprazole

              aripiprazole and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of aripiprazole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of aripiprazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              aripiprazole increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • arsenic trioxide

              arsenic trioxide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • atracurium

              atracurium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • artemether

              artemether and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • artemether/lumefantrine

              artemether/lumefantrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • asenapine

              asenapine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • asenapine transdermal

              asenapine transdermal and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • atomoxetine

              atomoxetine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atropine

              atropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atropine IV/IM

              atropine IV/IM and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • azithromycin

              azithromycin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • belladonna alkaloids

              belladonna alkaloids and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • belladonna and opium

              belladonna and opium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bendroflumethiazide

              bendroflumethiazide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • benperidol

              tiotropium decreases levels of benperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of benperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              benperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • benztropine

              benztropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic adverse effects may be seen with concurrent use.

            • betamethasone

              betamethasone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bethanechol

              bethanechol increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bosutinib

              bosutinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bumetanide

              bumetanide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • capecitabine

              capecitabine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carbachol

              carbachol increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carvedilol

              carvedilol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • ceritinib

              ceritinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cevimeline

              cevimeline increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • chlorothiazide

              chlorothiazide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • chlorpromazine

              chlorpromazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of chlorpromazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              chlorpromazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of chlorpromazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • chlorthalidone

              chlorthalidone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cisatracurium

              cisatracurium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ciprofloxacin

              ciprofloxacin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • citalopram

              citalopram and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • clarithromycin

              clarithromycin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • clomipramine

              clomipramine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium and clomipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • clozapine

              tiotropium decreases levels of clozapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              clozapine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of clozapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              clozapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • corticotropin

              corticotropin and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cyclizine

              cyclizine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cortisone

              cortisone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • crizotinib

              crizotinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cyclobenzaprine

              cyclobenzaprine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              cyclobenzaprine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • darifenacin

              darifenacin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dasatinib

              dasatinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • degarelix

              degarelix and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • desipramine

              desipramine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium and desipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • deutetrabenazine

              deutetrabenazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. At the maximum recommended dose, deutetrabenazine does not prolong QT interval to a clinically relevant extent. Certain circumstances may increase risk of torsade de pointes and/or sudden death in association with drugs that prolong the QTc interval (eg, bradycardia, hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia, coadministration with other drugs that prolong QTc interval, presence of congenital QT prolongation).

            • dicyclomine

              dicyclomine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dexamethasone

              dexamethasone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dichlorphenamide

              dichlorphenamide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diphenhydramine

              diphenhydramine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • disopyramide

              disopyramide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • dobutamine

              dobutamine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • dofetilide

              dofetilide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • dolasetron

              dolasetron and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • donepezil

              donepezil and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

              donepezil increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • donepezil transdermal

              donepezil transdermal, tiotropium. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dopamine

              dopamine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • dosulepin

              tiotropium and dosulepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • doxepin

              tiotropium and doxepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

              doxepin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • dronedarone

              dronedarone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • droperidol

              tiotropium decreases levels of droperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of droperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              droperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • droperidol

              droperidol and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • echothiophate iodide

              echothiophate iodide increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • encorafenib

              encorafenib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • entrectinib

              entrectinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ephedrine

              ephedrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • epinephrine

              epinephrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • epinephrine racemic

              epinephrine racemic and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • eribulin

              eribulin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erythromycin base

              erythromycin base and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • erythromycin ethylsuccinate

              erythromycin ethylsuccinate and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • erythromycin lactobionate

              erythromycin lactobionate and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • erythromycin stearate

              erythromycin stearate and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • escitalopram

              escitalopram and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • ethacrynic acid

              ethacrynic acid and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fesoterodine

              fesoterodine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fingolimod

              fingolimod and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • flavoxate

              flavoxate and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • flecainide

              flecainide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • fludrocortisone

              fludrocortisone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fluoxetine

              fluoxetine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Fluoxetine prolongs the QT interval; the prescribing information for fluoxetine recommends avoiding concurrent use of other drugs that may prolong the QT interval; risk may be increased with higher doses and/or when associated with hypokalemia; drugs that prolong the QTc interval may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system

            • fluphenazine

              fluphenazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              fluphenazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of fluphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of fluphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • formoterol

              formoterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • galantamine

              galantamine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • foscarnet

              foscarnet and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • fostemsavir

              olodaterol inhaled and fostemsavir both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. QTc prolongation reported with higher than recommended doses of fostemsavir.

            • furosemide

              furosemide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • gemifloxacin

              gemifloxacin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • gilteritinib

              gilteritinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • glycopyrrolate

              glycopyrrolate and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • glycopyrrolate inhaled

              glycopyrrolate inhaled and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • glycopyrronium tosylate topical

              glycopyrronium tosylate topical, tiotropium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of glycopyrronium tosylate topical with other anticholinergic medications may result in additive anticholinergic adverse effects.

            • haloperidol

              haloperidol and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of haloperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of haloperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              haloperidol increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • hawthorn

              hawthorn and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • henbane

              henbane and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • homatropine

              homatropine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • huperzine A

              huperzine A increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • hydrochlorothiazide

              hydrochlorothiazide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • hydrocortisone

              hydrocortisone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • hyoscyamine

              hyoscyamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • hyoscyamine spray

              hyoscyamine spray and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ibutilide

              ibutilide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • iloperidone

              tiotropium decreases levels of iloperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of iloperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              iloperidone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              iloperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • imipramine

              tiotropium and imipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

              imipramine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • indacaterol, inhaled

              indacaterol, inhaled and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • ipratropium

              ipratropium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Due to the poor systemic absorption of ipratropium, interaction unlikely at regularly recommended dosages.

            • indapamide

              indapamide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              indapamide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • isocarboxazid

              isocarboxazid and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. MAO inhibitors prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • isoproterenol

              isoproterenol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • labetalol

              labetalol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • lapatinib

              lapatinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • levalbuterol

              levalbuterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • levodopa

              tiotropium, levodopa. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Anticholinergic agents may enhance the therapeutic effects of levodopa; however, anticholinergic agents can exacerbate tardive dyskinesia. In high dosage, anticholinergics may decrease the effects of levodopa by delaying its GI absorption. .

            • levofloxacin

              levofloxacin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • lofepramine

              tiotropium and lofepramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lopinavir

              lopinavir and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • loxapine

              tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              loxapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • loxapine inhaled

              loxapine inhaled increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of loxapine inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • maprotiline

              tiotropium and maprotiline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

              maprotiline and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • meclizine

              meclizine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • mefloquine

              mefloquine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • metaproterenol

              metaproterenol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • methadone

              methadone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • methscopolamine

              methscopolamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • methyclothiazide

              methyclothiazide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • methylprednisolone

              methylprednisolone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • metolazone

              metolazone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • moxifloxacin

              moxifloxacin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • nadolol

              nadolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • neostigmine

              neostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nilotinib

              nilotinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • norepinephrine

              norepinephrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • nortriptyline

              tiotropium and nortriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nortriptyline and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • octreotide

              octreotide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • olanzapine

              tiotropium decreases levels of olanzapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of olanzapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              olanzapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • ofloxacin

              ofloxacin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • onabotulinumtoxinA

              onabotulinumtoxinA and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • orphenadrine

              tiotropium and orphenadrine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • osilodrostat

              osilodrostat and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • oxybutynin

              oxybutynin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • oxybutynin topical

              oxybutynin topical and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • oxybutynin transdermal

              oxybutynin transdermal and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • paliperidone

              paliperidone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of paliperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              paliperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of paliperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pancuronium

              pancuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pazopanib

              pazopanib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • penbutolol

              penbutolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • pentamidine

              pentamidine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • perphenazine

              tiotropium decreases levels of perphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              perphenazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of perphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              perphenazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • phenelzine

              phenelzine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. MAO inhibitors prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • physostigmine

              physostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • phenylephrine

              phenylephrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • pilocarpine

              pilocarpine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pimozide

              tiotropium decreases levels of pimozide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of pimozide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              pimozide increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              pimozide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • pindolol

              pindolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • pralidoxime

              pralidoxime and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pirbuterol

              pirbuterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • posaconazole

              posaconazole and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • prednisolone

              prednisolone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • prednisone

              prednisone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • procainamide

              procainamide and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • prochlorperazine

              tiotropium decreases levels of prochlorperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of prochlorperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              prochlorperazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • promethazine

              tiotropium decreases levels of promethazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of promethazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              promethazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

            • propafenone

              propafenone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • propantheline

              propantheline and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • propranolol

              propranolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • protriptyline

              tiotropium and protriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

              protriptyline and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • pseudoephedrine

              pseudoephedrine and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • pyridostigmine

              pyridostigmine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • quetiapine

              tiotropium decreases levels of quetiapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of quetiapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              quetiapine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              quetiapine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • quinidine

              quinidine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • rapacuronium

              rapacuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • quinine

              quinine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • ranolazine

              ranolazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • risperidone

              tiotropium decreases levels of risperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              risperidone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              risperidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of risperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ritonavir

              ritonavir and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • rocuronium

              rocuronium and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • romidepsin

              romidepsin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • salmeterol

              salmeterol and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • saquinavir

              saquinavir and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • scopolamine

              scopolamine and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • solifenacin

              solifenacin and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sotalol

              sotalol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

              sotalol and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • succinylcholine

              succinylcholine increases and tiotropium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sunitinib

              sunitinib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • tacrolimus

              tacrolimus and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • telavancin

              telavancin and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • terbutaline

              terbutaline and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • theophylline

              theophylline and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • thioridazine

              thioridazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of thioridazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              thioridazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of thioridazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • thiothixene

              thiothixene increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of thiothixene by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of thiothixene by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              thiothixene and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • timolol

              timolol, olodaterol inhaled. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers and olodaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

            • tolterodine

              tiotropium and tolterodine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • toremifene

              toremifene and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • torsemide

              torsemide and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tranylcypromine

              tranylcypromine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. MAO inhibitors prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • trazodone

              tiotropium and trazodone both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

              triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • trifluoperazine

              tiotropium decreases levels of trifluoperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of trifluoperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              trifluoperazine increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              trifluoperazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • trihexyphenidyl

              tiotropium and trihexyphenidyl both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for additive anticholinergic effects.

            • trimipramine

              trimipramine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. TCAs prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • trimipramine

              tiotropium and trimipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • trospium chloride

              tiotropium and trospium chloride both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • umeclidinium bromide

              umeclidinium bromide and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. If possible, avoid coadministration of additional anticholinergic agents

            • umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled

              umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • valbenazine

              valbenazine and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • vandetanib

              vandetanib and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • vardenafil

              vardenafil and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • vecuronium

              tiotropium and vecuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled

              vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled and olodaterol inhaled both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution with coadministration of adrenergic drugs by any route because of additive sympathetic effects

            • voriconazole

              voriconazole and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • vorinostat

              vorinostat and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

            • ziprasidone

              ziprasidone and olodaterol inhaled both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that prolong the QTc interval and may potentiate the effects of beta2 agonists on the cardiovascular system; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

              tiotropium decreases levels of ziprasidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ziprasidone increases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

              tiotropium decreases levels of ziprasidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • zotepine

              tiotropium decreases levels of zotepine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tiotropium decreases levels of zotepine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            Minor (3)

            • dimenhydrinate

              dimenhydrinate increases toxicity of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive anticholinergic effects.

            • donepezil

              donepezil decreases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • galantamine

              galantamine decreases effects of tiotropium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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            Adverse Effects

            Incidence similar to individual components

            >10%

            Nasopharyngitis (12.4%)

            1-10%

            Cough (3.9%)

            Back pain (3.6%)

            ≤3%

            • Dehydration
            • Dizziness, insomnia
            • Glaucoma, intraocular pressure increased, vision blurred
            • Atrial fibrillation, palpitations, supraventricular tachycardia, tachycardia, hypertension
            • Epistaxis, pharyngitis, dysphonia, bronchospasm, laryngitis, sinusitis
            • Dry mouth, constipation, oropharyngeal candidiasis, dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gingivitis, glossitis, stomatitis, intestinal obstruction including paralytic ileus
            • Rash, pruritus, angioneurotic edema, urticaria, skin infection, and skin ulcer, dry skin, hypersensitivity (including immediate reactions)
            • Arthralgia, joint swelling
            • Urinary retention, dysuria, and urinary tract infection
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            Warnings

            Black Box Warnings

            Asthma-related death

            • Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs), such as olodaterol, increase the risk for asthma-related death
            • A placebo-controlled trial with another LABA (salmeterol) showed an increase in asthma-related deaths; this finding is considered a class effect of all LABAs, including olodaterol
            • Not to be used as a rescue therapy to treat acute bronchospasm; indicated for COPD maintenance therapy
            • Safety and efficacy not established in patients with asthma; NOT approved for treatment of asthma

            Contraindications

            Use of a LABA without an inhaled corticosteroid; tiotropium/olodaterol inhaled is not indicated for asthma

            Hypersensitivity to tiotropium ipratropium, olodaterol, or other ingredients

            Postmarketing experience with tiotropium, immediate hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema (including swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat), itching, or rash reported; hypersensitivity reactions were also reported in clinical trials with tiotropium/olodaterol inhaled

            Cautions

            Safety and efficacy in patients with asthma not established; not indicated for asthma; monotherapy [without inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)] for asthma is associated with an increased risk of asthma-related death (see Black Box Warnings)

            Available data do not suggest an increased risk of death with use of LABA in patients with COPD

            Do not initiate in acutely deteriorating COPD

            Do not use for relief of acute symptoms; concomitant short-acting beta2­ agonists can be used as needed for acute relief

            Do not exceed the recommended dose; excessive use, or use in conjunction with other medications containing LABA, can result in clinically significant cardiovascular effects and may be fatal

            Immediate hypersensitivity reactions reported; discontinue immediately and consider alternatives if immediate hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema, bronchospasm, or anaphylaxis, occur (see Contraindications)

            Life-threatening paradoxical bronchospasm can occur; discontinue immediately

            Caution with cardiovascular or convulsive disorders, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus, and in patients who are unusually responsive to sympathomimetic amines

            Drug is an anticholinergic and may increase intraocular pressure; this may result in precipitation or worsening of narrow-angle glaucoma; therefore, drug should be used with caution in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma; avoid spraying into eyes; if a patient sprays drug into their eyes they may cause acute eye pain or discomfort, temporary blurring of vision, mydriasis, visual halos, or colored images in association with red eyes from conjunctival or corneal congestion; advise patients to consult their physician immediately if symptoms develop while using drug

            Worsening of urinary retention may occur; caution with prostatic hyperplasia or bladder-neck obstruction and instruct patients to consult a physician immediately if this occurs

            May cause hyperglycemia

            Beta2-adrenergic agonists may produce significant hypokalemia in some patients (possibly through intracellular shunting) which has potential to produce adverse cardiovascular effects; decrease in serum potassium is usually transient, not requiring supplementation

            Monitor patients with moderate-to-severe renal impairment (≤60 mL/min) for anticholinergic adverse effects; tiotropium is predominantly excreted renally

            Cardiovascular effects

            • Can produce a clinically significant cardiovascular effect in some patients, as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure, and/or symptoms
            • If symptoms occur, may need to discontinue therapy; there is some evidence from post-marketing data and published literature of rare occurrences of myocardial ischemia associated with albuterol
            • In addition, beta-adrenergic agonists have been reported to produce electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, such as flattening of the T wave, prolongation of the QTc interval, and ST segment depression
            • Therapy should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders; especially coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension

            Drug interactions overview

            • Additional adrenergic drugs by any route may potentiate sympathetic effects of olodaterol
            • Concomitant treatment with xanthine derivatives, steroids, or diuretics may potentiate any hypokalemic effect of olodaterol
            • ECG changes and/or hypokalemia may result from non-potassium sparing diuretics administration (loop or thiazide diuretics) can be acutely worsened by beta-agonists, especially when the beta-agonist dose exceeds the recommended dose
            • Exercise extreme caution to patients being treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants or other drugs cause QT prolongation; drugs known to prolong the QTc interval may increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias
            • Beta-blockers not only block the therapeutic effects of beta-agonists, but may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients; use with caution
            • May interact additively with concomitantly used anticholinergics; avoid use with other anticholinergic-containing drugs as this may lead to an increase in anticholinergic adverse effects
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            Pregnancy & Lactation

            Pregnancy

            There are no adequate and well-controlled clinical studies with or its individual components, tiotropium bromide and olodaterol, in pregnant women to inform of drug-associated risk of adverse pregnancy-related outcomes

            Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus

            Labor and delivery

            • There are no adequate and well-controlled human studies that have investigated effects on preterm labor or labor at term; because of potential for beta-agonist interference with uterine contractility, use during labor should be restricted to those patients in whom benefits clearly outweigh risks

            Animal data

            • Based on animal reproduction studies, no structural abnormalities observed when tiotropium was administered by inhalation to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis at doses 790 and 8 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human daily inhalation dose (MRHDID)
            • Increased postimplantation loss observed in rats and rabbits administered tiotropium at maternally toxic doses 430 times and 40 times the MRHDID, respectively
            • Based on animal studies, olodaterol was not teratogenic when administered to pregnant rats or rabbits during organogenesis at inhalation doses of approximately 2731 or 1353 times the MRHDID (on an AUC basis), in rats or rabbits, respectively

            Lactation

            There are no data on presence of tiotropium or olodaterol in human milk, effects on breastfed infant, or on milk production

            Consider the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with the mother’s clinical need for the drug, and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from the drug or from the underlying maternal condition

            Pregnancy Categories

            A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

            B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

            C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

            D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

            X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

            NA: Information not available.

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            Pharmacology

            Mechanism of Action

            Tiotropium: Long-acting antimuscarinic agent, often referred to as anticholinergic; inhibits M3-receptors at smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation

            Olodaterol: Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA); activates specific beta2-adrenergic receptors on the surface of smooth muscle cells, which increases intracellular cAMP and smooth muscle relaxation

            Absorption

            Tiotropium

            • ~33% of the inhaled dose reaches the systemic circulation
            • Absolute bioavailability (oral solution): 2-3%
            • Peak plasma time: 5-7 minutes after inhalation

            Olodaterol

            • ~30% of the inhaled dose reaches the systemic circulation
            • Absolute bioavailability (oral solution): <1%
            • Peak plasma time: 10-20 minutes after inhalation

            Distribution

            Tiotropium

            • Protein bound: 72%
            • Vd: 32 L/kg

            Olodaterol

            • Protein bound: 60%
            • Vd: 1110 L

            Metabolism

            Tiotropium: 25% metabolized by CYP2D6 and 3A4, then subsequent glutathione conjugation

            Olodaterol

            • Substantially metabolized by direct glucuronidation and by O-demethylation at the methoxy moiety followed by conjugation
            • Cytochrome P450 isozymes CYP2C9 and CYP2C8, with negligible contribution of CYP3A4, are involved in the O-demethylation of olodaterol
            • Uridine diphosphate glycosyl transferase isoforms UGT2B7, UGT1A1, 1A7, and 1A9 were shown to be involved in the formation of olodaterol glucuronides

            Elimination

            Tiotropium

            • Half-life (inhaled): 25 hr (terminal)
            • Total clearance: 880 mL/min (IV administration)
            • Excretion: 18.6% urine; remainder being mainly nonabsorbed drug in the gut that is eliminated via the feces

            Olodaterol

            • Half-life (inhaled): 45 hr (terminal); 7.5 hr (effective)
            • Total clearance: 872 mL/min
            • Renal clearance: 173 mL/min
            • Excretion: 9% urine; remainder being mainly nonabsorbed drug in the gut that is eliminated via the feces
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            Administration

            Oral Inhalation Administration

            Oral inhalation only

            See prescribing information for full instructions

            Priming inhaler

            • When using the unit for the first time, insert the cartridge into inhaler and prime the unit by actuating the inhaler toward the ground until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process 3 more times
            • If not used for >3 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler once to prepare the inhaler for use
            • If not used for >21 days, patients are to actuate the inhaler until an aerosol cloud is visible and then repeat the process 3 more times to prepare the inhaler for use

            Missed dose: Take it as soon as possible; do not take more than 1 dose (2 puffs) in 24 hours

            Storage

            Store at controlled room temperature at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F)

            Avoid freezing

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            Images

            No images available for this drug.
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            Patient Handout

            A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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            Formulary

            FormularyPatient Discounts

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            The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

            Tier Description
            1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
            2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
            3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
            4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
            Code Definition
            PA Prior Authorization
            Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
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            Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.