Surfaxin (lucinactant) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more

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Sections lucinactant
Dosing & Uses
Adverse Effects
Warnings
Pharmacology
Images
Patient Handout
Formulary

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Not indicated for adults

Increased serious adverse reactions in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), see Cautions

Dosage Forms & Strengths

intratracheal suspension

8.5mL/vial
Each mL contains 30mg phospholipids (22.5mg dipalmitoylphophatidylcholine and 7.5mg palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylglyerol, sodium salt), 4.05mg palmitic acid, and 0.862mg sinapultide

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Indicated for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature newborns at high risk for RDS

5.8 mL/kg (birth weight) administered by intratracheal administration; divide dose into 4 aliquots to administer (see Administration)

May administer up to 4 doses in the first 48 hr of life; doses should be administered at least 6 hr apart

Administration

Visually inspect before use

After being warmed and vigorously shaken, suspension should be free-flowing and opaque white to off-white

Use aseptic technique to slowly draw up the appropriate amount into a single, appropriately sized syringe, depending on the total dose volume, using a 16- or 18-gauge needle

Before administration, assure proper placement and patency of the endotracheal tube (ETT)

At the discretion of the clinician, the ETT may be suctioned before administering lucinactant; the infant should be allowed to stabilize before proceeding with dosing

Position the infant in the right lateral decubitus position with head and thorax inclined upward 30°; attach the syringe containing lucinactant to a 5-French end-hole catheter, and then thread the catheter through a Bodai valve or equivalent device that allows maintenance of positive end-expiratory pressure and then advance the tip of the catheter into the endotracheal tube; position the catheter such that its tip is slightly distal to the end of the endotracheal tube

Each dose should be delivered in 4 aliquots; instill the first aliquot of the dose (one-quarter of the total volume) as a bolus while continuing positive pressure mechanical ventilation and maintaining positive end-expiratory pressure of 4-5 cm H2O

Ventilator settings may be adjusted at the discretion of the clinician to maintain appropriate oxygenation and ventilation

Ventilate until the infant is stable, that is, has an oxygen saturation of at least 90% and a heart rate greater than 120 bpm

Repeat the procedure with the infant in the left decubitus position while maintaining adequate positive pressure ventilation, then repeat the procedure with the infant in the right again, and then the left decubitus position again to deliver a total of 4 aliquots

A pause should separate administration of the aliquots to allow for an evaluation of the infant’s respiratory status

After instillation of the last aliquot, remove the catheter and resume usual ventilator management and critical care while keeping the head of the infant’s bed elevated at least 10 degrees for at least 1-2 hr

Do not suction the infant during the first hour after dosing unless signs of significant airway obstruction occur

Use the same technique for additional doses, if indicated

Preparation

Before use, warm the vial for 15 minutes in a preheated dry block heater set at 44°C (111°F)
After warming, shake the vial vigorously until a uniform and free-flowing suspension is formed
The temperature of the product will be approximately 37°C (99°F) or less after the product is drawn into a syringe for administration
For each vial that is warmed, record the date and time of warming in the space provided on the carton; if not used immediately after warming, vial can be stored protected from light (ie, in the carton) at room temperature for up to 2 hr
Do not return vial to the refrigerator after warming
Discard the product if not used within 2 hr of warming
Vials are for single use only; discard any unused portion of lucinactant

>10%

ETT refulx (18%)

1-10%

Pallor (9%)

Dose interruption (9%)

ETT obstruction (6%)

Contraindications

None

Cautions

For intratracheal use only

Frequent clinical assessments for acute changes in lung compliance required; modify oxygen and ventilatory support to respond to changes in respiratory status

During administration, if bradycardia, oxygen desaturation, endotracheal tube (ETT) reflux, or airway/ETT obstruction occurs, administration should be interrupted and the infant’s clinical condition assessed and stabilized; ETT suctioning or reintubation may be required if airway obstruction persists or is severe

Not indicated for use in adults for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); adults with ARDS who received lucinactant via segmental bronchoscopic lavage had an increased incidence of death, multi-organ failure, sepsis, anoxic encephalopathy, renal failure, hypoxia, pneumothorax, hypotension, and pulmonary embolism

Mechanism of Action

Endogenous pulmonary surfactant lowers surface tension at the air-liquid interface of the alveolar surfaces during respiration and stabilizes the alveoli against collapse at resting transpulmonary pressures; deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in premature infants results in RDS

Lucinactant compensates for the deficiency of surfactant and restores surface activity to the lungs of these infants

Images

No images available for this drug.

Patient Handout

A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.

Formulary

FormularyPatient Discounts

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The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

View explanations for tiers and restrictions

Tier	Description
1	This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
2	This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
3	This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
4	This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
5	This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
6	This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
NC	NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.

Code	Definition
PA	Prior Authorization Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
QL	Quantity Limits Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
ST	Step Therapy Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
OR	Other Restrictions Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.

Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.

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