atenolol/chlorthalidone (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:Tenoretic

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

atenolol/chlorthalidone

tablet

  • 50mg/25mg
  • 100mg/25mg

Hypertension

Not indicated for initial therapy

If the fixed dose combination represents the dose appropriate to the individual patient's needs, it may be more convenient than the separate components

Initial dose: 50 mg atenolol/25 mg chlorthalidone PO qDay

May increase to 100 mg atenolol/25 mg chlorthalidone PO qDay if needed

When necessary, another antihypertensive agent may be added gradually beginning with 50 percent of the usual recommended starting dose to avoid an excessive fall in blood pressure

Renal Impairment

Use caution in dosing/titrating patients with renal dysfunction

Cumulative effects of thiazides may develop with impaired renal function

CrCl > 35 mL/min/1.73 m²: Dose adjustment not necessary

CrCl 15-35 mL/min/1.73 m²: Maximum 50 mg PO qDay

CrCl <15 mL/min/1.73 m²: Maximum 25 mg PO qDay or 50 mg PO every other day

Anuria: Contraindicated

Hepatic Impairment

Not studied; use caution

Administration

Combination may be substituted for the titrated individual components

Withdraw gradually over a period of about 2 weeks

May need dosage reduction for geriatric patients

<18 years: Safety/efficacy not established

Next:

Interactions

Interaction Checker

and atenolol/chlorthalidone

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              Serious - Use Alternative (31)

              • acebutolol

                acebutolol and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • aminolevulinic acid oral

                aminolevulinic acid oral, chlorthalidone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid administering other phototoxic drugs with aminolevulinic acid oral for 24 hr during perioperative period.

              • aminolevulinic acid topical

                chlorthalidone increases toxicity of aminolevulinic acid topical by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of photosensitizing drugs may enhance the phototoxic reaction to photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid.

              • betaxolol

                atenolol and betaxolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • bisoprolol

                atenolol and bisoprolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • carvedilol

                atenolol and carvedilol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • celiprolol

                atenolol and celiprolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • clonidine

                clonidine, atenolol. Either increases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Can increase risk of bradycardia.

              • digoxin

                digoxin, atenolol. Either decreases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Can increase risk of bradycardia.

              • diltiazem

                diltiazem, atenolol. Either increases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Can increase risk of bradycardia.

              • esmolol

                atenolol and esmolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • fexinidazole

                fexinidazole, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fexinidazole with drugs known to induce bradycardia. .

              • isocarboxazid

                isocarboxazid, chlorthalidone. Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: Additive hypotensive effects may be seen when MAOI's are combined with antihypertensives.

              • labetalol

                atenolol and labetalol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • lofexidine

                lofexidine, chlorthalidone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with other drugs that decrease pulse or blood pressure to mitigate risk of excessive bradycardia and hypotension.

                lofexidine, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with other drugs that decrease pulse or blood pressure to mitigate risk of excessive bradycardia and hypotension.

              • mavacamten

                atenolol, mavacamten. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Expect additive negative inotropic effects of mavacamten and other drugs that reduce cardiac contractility.

              • methyl aminolevulinate

                chlorthalidone, methyl aminolevulinate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.

              • metoprolol

                atenolol and metoprolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • nadolol

                atenolol and nadolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • nebivolol

                atenolol and nebivolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • penbutolol

                atenolol and penbutolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • pindolol

                atenolol and pindolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • propranolol

                atenolol and propranolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • rivastigmine

                atenolol increases toxicity of rivastigmine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Additive bradycardia effect may result in syncope.

              • saquinavir

                saquinavir, atenolol. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of PR prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias.

              • sotalol

                atenolol and sotalol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • squill

                chlorthalidone increases toxicity of squill by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Potassium depletion may enhance toxicity of squill.

              • timolol

                atenolol and timolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              • tretinoin

                chlorthalidone, tretinoin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.

              • tretinoin topical

                chlorthalidone, tretinoin topical. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.

              • verapamil

                verapamil, atenolol. Either increases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Can increase risk of bradycardia.

              Monitor Closely (239)

              • acebutolol

                acebutolol and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                acebutolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aceclofenac

                aceclofenac increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aceclofenac decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and aceclofenac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • acemetacin

                atenolol and acemetacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                acemetacin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                acemetacin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • albiglutide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of albiglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • albuterol

                atenolol increases and albuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of albuterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • albuterol

                albuterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • aldesleukin

                aldesleukin increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

                aldesleukin increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • alfuzosin

                alfuzosin and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • amifostine

                amifostine, chlorthalidone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with blood pressure lowering agents may increase the risk and severity of hypotension associated with amifostine. When amifostine is used at chemotherapeutic doses, withhold blood pressure lowering medications for 24 hr prior to amifostine; if blood pressure lowering medication cannot be withheld, do not administer amifostine.

              • aluminum hydroxide

                aluminum hydroxide decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.

              • amifostine

                amifostine, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with blood pressure lowering agents may increase the risk and severity of hypotension associated with amifostine. When amifostine is used at chemotherapeutic doses, withhold blood pressure lowering medications for 24 hr prior to amifostine; if blood pressure lowering medication cannot be withheld, do not administer amifostine.

              • amiloride

                amiloride increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                atenolol and amiloride both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • amiodarone

                amiodarone, atenolol. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of cardiotoxicity with bradycardia.

              • arformoterol

                arformoterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • amlodipine

                atenolol, amlodipine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • amobarbital

                amobarbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of amobarbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • arformoterol

                atenolol increases and arformoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of arformoterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • asenapine

                asenapine and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • aspirin

                atenolol and aspirin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • aspirin rectal

                aspirin rectal increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

                atenolol and aspirin rectal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin rectal decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • atazanavir

                atazanavir increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypotension, bradycardia, AV block, and prolonged PR interval. Consider lowering beta blocker dose.

              • atenolol

                atenolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • avanafil

                avanafil increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

                avanafil increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • beclomethasone, inhaled

                beclomethasone, inhaled increases toxicity of chlorthalidone by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. May increase the hypokalemic effects of thiazide diuretics.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                atenolol increases and bendroflumethiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • benazepril

                benazepril, chlorthalidone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced hypotensive effects. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor blood pressure and renal function.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                bendroflumethiazide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • betaxolol

                betaxolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and betaxolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bismuth subsalicylate

                bismuth subsalicylate, atenolol. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Blockage of renal prostaglandin synthesis; may cause severe hypertension.

              • bisoprolol

                bisoprolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bisoprolol

                atenolol and bisoprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • bretylium

                atenolol, bretylium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Each drug may cause hypotension.

                chlorthalidone, bretylium. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Each drug may cause hypotension.

              • bumetanide

                atenolol increases and bumetanide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                bumetanide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • buprenorphine, long-acting injection

                buprenorphine, long-acting injection decreases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Opioids can reduce diuretic efficacy by inducing antidiuretic hormone release.

              • butabarbital

                butabarbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of butabarbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • butalbital

                butalbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of butalbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • calcifediol

                chlorthalidone increases toxicity of calcifediol by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Thiazide diuretics may increase serum calcium by decreasing urinary calcium excretion.

              • calcium acetate

                calcium acetate decreases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • calcium carbonate

                calcium carbonate decreases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                calcium carbonate decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.

              • calcium chloride

                calcium chloride decreases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • calcium citrate

                calcium citrate decreases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • calcium gluconate

                calcium gluconate decreases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • candesartan

                candesartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, candesartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

                candesartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • captopril

                captopril, chlorthalidone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor blood pressure and renal function.

              • carbenoxolone

                atenolol increases and carbenoxolone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • carbenoxolone

                chlorthalidone and carbenoxolone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • carbidopa

                carbidopa increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Therapy with carbidopa, given with or without levodopa or carbidopa-levodopa combination products, is started, dosage adjustment of the antihypertensive drug may be required.

                carbidopa increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Therapy with carbidopa, given with or without levodopa or carbidopa-levodopa combination products, is started, dosage adjustment of the antihypertensive drug may be required.

              • carvedilol

                carvedilol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and carvedilol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • celecoxib

                celecoxib increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and celecoxib both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                celecoxib decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • celiprolol

                celiprolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of celiprolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and celiprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • chlorothiazide

                chlorothiazide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • chlorthalidone

                atenolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • cholestyramine

                cholestyramine decreases levels of chlorthalidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                choline magnesium trisalicylate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

                choline magnesium trisalicylate decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • clevidipine

                atenolol, clevidipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • cornsilk

                cornsilk increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypokalemia (theoretical interaction).

              • clonidine

                atenolol, clonidine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Selective beta blocker administration during withdrawal from centrally acting alpha agonists may result in rebound hypertension.

                clonidine, atenolol. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Sympatholytic action may worsen sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular (AV) block.

              • cyclopenthiazide

                atenolol increases and cyclopenthiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorthalidone and cyclopenthiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dasiglucagon

                atenolol decreases effects of dasiglucagon by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dasiglucagon may stimulate catecholamine release; whereas beta blockers may inhibit catecholamines released in response to dasiglucagon. Coadministration may also transiently increase pulse and BP.

              • deflazacort

                chlorthalidone and deflazacort both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • desflurane

                desflurane, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • dichlorphenamide

                dichlorphenamide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                dichlorphenamide and atenolol both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • diclofenac

                diclofenac decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and diclofenac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                diclofenac increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • diflunisal

                diflunisal decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                diflunisal increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and diflunisal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • digoxin

                digoxin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and digoxin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases effects of digoxin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced bradycardia.

                chlorthalidone increases effects of digoxin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hypokalemia increases digoxin effects.

              • diltiazem

                atenolol and diltiazem both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • dobutamine

                dobutamine and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • disopyramide

                atenolol increases effects of disopyramide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive negative inotropic effects.

              • dobutamine

                atenolol increases and dobutamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of dobutamine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • dopexamine

                dopexamine and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of dopexamine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and dopexamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • doxazosin

                doxazosin and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • drospirenone

                drospirenone increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • drospirenone

                atenolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • empagliflozin

                empagliflozin, chlorthalidone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of empagliflozin with diuretics results in increased urine volume and frequency of voids, which might enhance the potential for volume depletion.

              • ephedrine

                ephedrine and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and ephedrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of ephedrine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine

                epinephrine and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of epinephrine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and epinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • epinephrine racemic

                atenolol decreases effects of epinephrine racemic by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                epinephrine racemic and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and epinephrine racemic decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • eprosartan

                eprosartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, eprosartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

                eprosartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • esmolol

                atenolol and esmolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                esmolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ethacrynic acid

                ethacrynic acid and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and ethacrynic acid decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ether

                atenolol, ether. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both beta blockers and ether depress the myocardium; consider lowering beta blocker dose if ether used for anesthesia.

              • etodolac

                etodolac increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • etodolac

                atenolol and etodolac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                etodolac decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • etomidate

                etomidate, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • etrasimod

                etrasimod, atenolol. pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Transient decrease in heart rate and AV conduction delays may occur when initiating etrasimod. Concomitant use of etrasimod in patients receiving stable beta-blocker treatment did not result in additive effects on heart rate reduction. However, risk of additive heart rate reduction following initiation of beta-blocker therapy with stable etrasimod treatment or concomitant use with other drugs that may decrease heart rate is unknown. .

              • exenatide injectable solution

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • exenatide injectable suspension

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of exenatide injectable suspension by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • felodipine

                atenolol and felodipine both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • fenbufen

                atenolol and fenbufen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • fenoprofen

                fenoprofen increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and fenoprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                fenoprofen decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • fentanyl

                fentanyl decreases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fingolimod

                fingolimod, atenolol. pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs decrease heart rate. Monitor for bradycardia.

                atenolol increases effects of fingolimod by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both medications decrease heart rate. Monitor patients on concomitant therapy, particularly in the first 6 hours after fingolimod is initiated or after a treatment interruption of at least two weeks, for bradycardia and atrioventricular block. To identify underlying risk factors of bradycardia and AV block, obtain a new or recent ECG in patients using beta-blockers prior to starting fingolimod.

              • fentanyl intranasal

                fentanyl intranasal decreases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fentanyl transdermal

                fentanyl transdermal decreases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • fentanyl transmucosal

                fentanyl transmucosal decreases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Fentanyl can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing antidiuretic hormone release. Fentanyl may also lead to acute urinary retention by causing bladder sphincter spasm (particularly in men with enlarged prostates).

              • flurbiprofen

                flurbiprofen increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                flurbiprofen decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and flurbiprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • formoterol

                formoterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of formoterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • furosemide

                furosemide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and furosemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • gentamicin

                atenolol increases and gentamicin decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorthalidone and gentamicin both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • glucagon

                glucagon decreases toxicity of atenolol by sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of glucagon with beta-blockers may have transiently increased pulse and blood pressure.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • glucagon intranasal

                glucagon intranasal decreases toxicity of atenolol by sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of glucagon with beta-blockers may have transiently increased pulse and blood pressure.

              • glycopyrrolate

                glycopyrrolate increases levels of atenolol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • glycopyrrolate inhaled

                glycopyrrolate inhaled increases levels of atenolol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • hydralazine

                hydralazine increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive hypotensive effects.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                atenolol increases and hydrochlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ibuprofen

                ibuprofen decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and ibuprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ibuprofen increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ibuprofen IV

                ibuprofen IV increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. NSAIDs may decrease the therapeutic effects of thiazide-like diuretics; may also enhance nephrotoxic effects.

                ibuprofen IV decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and ibuprofen IV both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ibuprofen IV by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • indacaterol, inhaled

                indacaterol, inhaled, chlorthalidone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution is advised in the coadministration of indacaterol neohaler with non-potassium-sparing diuretics.

                indacaterol, inhaled, atenolol. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Beta-blockers and indacaterol may interfere with the effect of each other when administered concurrently. Beta-blockers may produce severe bronchospasm in COPD patients. Therefore, patients with COPD should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g. as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution.

                chlorthalidone, indacaterol, inhaled. serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination may increase risk of hypokalemia.

              • indapamide

                chlorthalidone and indapamide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and indapamide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • indomethacin

                indomethacin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                indomethacin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • insulin degludec

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin degludec by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

                atenolol, insulin degludec. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Beta-blockers may either increase or decrease the blood glucose lowering effect of insulin; beta-blockers can prolong hypoglycemia (interference with glycogenolysis) or cause hyperglycemia (insulin secretion inhibited).

              • insulin degludec/insulin aspart

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin degludec/insulin aspart by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

                atenolol, insulin degludec/insulin aspart. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Beta-blockers may either increase or decrease the blood glucose lowering effect of insulin; beta-blockers can prolong hypoglycemia (interference with glycogenolysis) or cause hyperglycemia (insulin secretion inhibited).

              • insulin inhaled

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin inhaled by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Diuretics may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, possibly by diuretic-induced hpokalemia.

                atenolol, insulin inhaled. Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Beta-blockers may either increase or decrease the blood glucose lowering effect of insulin; beta-blockers can prolong hypoglycemia (interference with glycogenolysis) or cause hyperglycemia (insulin secretion inhibited).

              • iodixanol

                atenolol increases toxicity of iodixanol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Use of beta-blockers lowers the threshold for and increases the severity of contrast reactions, and reduces the responsiveness of treatment of hypersensitivity reactions with epinephrine. .

              • irbesartan

                irbesartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • irbesartan

                irbesartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, irbesartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

              • isoproterenol

                atenolol increases and isoproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of isoproterenol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                isoproterenol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • isradipine

                atenolol, isradipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • juniper

                juniper, chlorthalidone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Juniper may potentiate or interfere with diuretic therapy. Juniper has diuretic effects, but may cause kidney damage at large doses.

              • ivabradine

                ivabradine, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Most patients receiving ivabradine will also be treated with a beta-blocker. The risk of bradycardia increases with coadministration of drugs that slow heart rate (eg, digoxin, amiodarone, beta-blockers). Monitor heart rate in patients taking ivabradine with other negative chronotropes.

              • ketamine

                ketamine, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • ketoprofen

                ketoprofen increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ketoprofen decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and ketoprofen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ketorolac

                atenolol and ketorolac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ketorolac increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ketorolac decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                atenolol and ketorolac intranasal both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                ketorolac intranasal decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                ketorolac intranasal increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • labetalol

                atenolol and labetalol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                labetalol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lasmiditan

                atenolol increases effects of lasmiditan by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lasmiditan has been associated with a lowering of heart rate (HR). In a drug interaction study, addition of a single 200-mg dose of lasmiditan to propranolol decreased HR by an additional 5 bpm compared to propranolol alone, for a mean maximum of 19 bpm.

              • levalbuterol

                levalbuterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • levalbuterol

                atenolol increases and levalbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of levalbuterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • levodopa

                levodopa increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider decreasing dosage of antihypertensive agent.

                levodopa increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider decreasing dosage of antihypertensive agent.

              • lily of the valley

                chlorthalidone increases toxicity of lily of the valley by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Increased risk of cardiac toxicity due to K+ depletion.

              • lornoxicam

                atenolol and lornoxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                lornoxicam decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • liraglutide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of liraglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Thiazide diuretics can decrease insulin sensitivity thereby leading to glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Monitor glycemic control especially when initiating, discontinuing, or increasing thiazide diuretic dose.

              • lithium

                chlorthalidone increases toxicity of lithium by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lornoxicam

                lornoxicam increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • losartan

                losartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, losartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

                losartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • lurasidone

                lurasidone increases effects of atenolol by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Potential for increased risk of hypotension with concurrent use. Monitor blood pressure and adjust dose of antihypertensive agent as needed.

                lurasidone increases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Potential for increased risk of hypotension with concurrent use. Monitor blood pressure and adjust dose of antihypertensive agent as needed.

              • maitake

                maitake increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of hypokalemia (theoretical interaction).

              • maraviroc

                maraviroc, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of orthostatic hypotension.

              • maraviroc

                maraviroc, chlorthalidone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of orthostatic hypotension.

              • meclofenamate

                atenolol and meclofenamate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                meclofenamate decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                meclofenamate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mefenamic acid

                mefenamic acid decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and mefenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                mefenamic acid increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mefloquine

                mefloquine increases levels of atenolol by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of arrhythmia.

              • meloxicam

                meloxicam increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • meloxicam

                atenolol and meloxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                meloxicam decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • metaproterenol

                metaproterenol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and metaproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of metaproterenol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • methoxsalen

                methoxsalen, chlorthalidone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive photosensitizing effects.

              • methyclothiazide

                atenolol increases and methyclothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. .

              • methyclothiazide

                chlorthalidone and methyclothiazide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • methylphenidate transdermal

                methylphenidate transdermal decreases effects of chlorthalidone by anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metolazone

                chlorthalidone and metolazone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and metolazone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • metoprolol

                metoprolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and metoprolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • mometasone inhaled

                mometasone inhaled increases toxicity of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may increase hypokalemic effect of loop diuretics.

              • moxisylyte

                moxisylyte and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • mycophenolate

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of mycophenolate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nabumetone

                nabumetone increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                nabumetone decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and nabumetone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nadolol

                nadolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and nadolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • naproxen

                atenolol and naproxen both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                naproxen increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                naproxen decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • nebivolol

                nebivolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and nebivolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nicardipine

                atenolol, nicardipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • nitazoxanide

                nitazoxanide, chlorthalidone. Either increases levels of the other by Mechanism: plasma protein binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • nifedipine

                atenolol, nifedipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • nimodipine

                atenolol, nimodipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • nisoldipine

                atenolol, nisoldipine. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Both drugs lower blood pressure.

              • nitroglycerin rectal

                nitroglycerin rectal, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers blunt the reflex tachycardia produced by nitroglycerin without preventing its hypotensive effects. If beta-blockers are used with nitroglycerin in patients with angina pectoris, additional hypotensive effects may occur.

                nitroglycerin rectal, chlorthalidone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Observe for possible additive hypotensive effects during concomitant use. .

              • norepinephrine

                norepinephrine and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and norepinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of norepinephrine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • oliceridine

                oliceridine decreases effects of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Opioids can reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing the release of antidiuretic hormone. Monitor for signs of diminished diuresis and/or effects on blood pressure and increase dosage of the diuretic as needed. .

              • olmesartan

                olmesartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, olmesartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

              • olmesartan

                olmesartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • olodaterol inhaled

                chlorthalidone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ospemifene

                chlorthalidone, ospemifene. Either increases levels of the other by plasma protein binding competition. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • oxaprozin

                atenolol and oxaprozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                oxaprozin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                oxaprozin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • oxymetazoline topical

                oxymetazoline topical increases and atenolol decreases sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • parecoxib

                parecoxib increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • parecoxib

                atenolol and parecoxib both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                parecoxib decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • penbutolol

                penbutolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and penbutolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pentobarbital

                pentobarbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of pentobarbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • pindolol

                pindolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • phenobarbital

                phenobarbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of phenobarbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • phenoxybenzamine

                phenoxybenzamine and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • phentolamine

                phentolamine and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • pindolol

                atenolol and pindolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pirbuterol

                atenolol increases and pirbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of pirbuterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                pirbuterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • piroxicam

                piroxicam increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                piroxicam decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and piroxicam both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • pivmecillinam

                pivmecillinam, chlorthalidone. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • ponesimod

                ponesimod and atenolol both increase pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Beta-blockers may have additive effects on lowering HR. Consider resting HR before initiating ponesimod in patients on stable dose of beta-blocker. Refer to the ponesimod prescribing information for more dosing information.

              • porfimer

                chlorthalidone, porfimer. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced photosensitivity.

              • potassium acid phosphate

                potassium acid phosphate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                atenolol and potassium acid phosphate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium chloride

                atenolol and potassium chloride both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                potassium chloride increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • potassium citrate

                atenolol and potassium citrate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                potassium citrate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • prazosin

                prazosin and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • probenecid

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of probenecid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • primidone

                primidone decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of primidone. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • propofol

                propofol, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • propranolol

                atenolol and propranolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                propranolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sacubitril/valsartan

                atenolol, sacubitril/valsartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

                sacubitril/valsartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sacubitril/valsartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                salicylates (non-asa) decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                salicylates (non-asa) increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and salicylates (non-asa) both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salmeterol

                salmeterol and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of salmeterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol increases and salmeterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • salsalate

                salsalate increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                salsalate decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and salsalate both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • secobarbital

                secobarbital decreases levels of atenolol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider a higher beta-blocker dose during coadministration of secobarbital. Atenolol, sotalol, nadolol less likely to be affected than other beta blockers.

              • shark cartilage

                chlorthalidone, shark cartilage. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May lead to hypercalcemia (theoretical).

              • sevoflurane

                sevoflurane, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • sildenafil

                atenolol increases effects of sildenafil by additive vasodilation. Use Caution/Monitor. Sildenafil has systemic vasodilatory properties and may further lower blood pressure in patients taking antihypertensive medications. Monitor blood pressure response to sildenafil in patients receiving concurrent blood pressure lowering therapy.

              • silodosin

                silodosin and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • siponimod

                siponimod, atenolol. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Caution when siponimod is initiated in patients receiving beta-blocker treatment because of additive effects on lowering heart rate. Temporary interruption of beta-blocker may be needed before initiating siponimod. Beta-blocker treatment can be initiated in patients receiving stable doses of siponimod.

              • sodium bicarbonate

                sodium bicarbonate decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.

              • sodium citrate/citric acid

                sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Separate by 2 hours.

              • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride

                sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol

                chlorthalidone and sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

                sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of chlorthalidone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              • sotalol

                atenolol and sotalol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sotalol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • spironolactone

                atenolol and spironolactone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                spironolactone increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • succinylcholine

                succinylcholine increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and succinylcholine both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • sulfasalazine

                atenolol and sulfasalazine both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sulfasalazine increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sulfasalazine decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • sulindac

                atenolol and sulindac both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sulindac increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                sulindac decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

              • tadalafil

                tadalafil increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

                tadalafil increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

              • telmisartan

                atenolol, telmisartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

                telmisartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                telmisartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • temocillin

                temocillin, chlorthalidone. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • terazosin

                terazosin and atenolol both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • terbutaline

                atenolol increases and terbutaline decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol decreases effects of terbutaline by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                terbutaline and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • theophylline

                atenolol, theophylline. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Beta blockers (esp. non selective) antagonize theophylline effects, while at the same time increasing theophylline levels and toxicity (mechanism: decreased theophylline metabolism). Smoking increases risk of interaction.

              • ticarcillin

                ticarcillin, chlorthalidone. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • timolol

                timolol increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol and timolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolfenamic acid

                tolfenamic acid increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                tolfenamic acid decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and tolfenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolmetin

                tolmetin decreases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Long term (>1 wk) NSAID use. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin synthesis.

                atenolol and tolmetin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                tolmetin increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • tolvaptan

                atenolol and tolvaptan both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                tolvaptan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • toremifene

                chlorthalidone, toremifene. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Thiazide diuretics decrease renal calcium excretion and may increase risk of hypercalcemia in patients taking toremifene.

              • torsemide

                atenolol increases and torsemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • torsemide

                torsemide and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • triamterene

                triamterene increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                atenolol and triamterene both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • trientine

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of trientine by increasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • valsartan

                valsartan and atenolol both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

                atenolol, valsartan. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of fetal compromise if given during pregnancy.

              • umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled

                umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Electrocardiographic changes and/or hypokalemia associated with non?potassium-sparing diuretics may worsen with concomitant beta-agonists, particularly if recommended dose is exceeded

              • valsartan

                valsartan increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

              • verapamil

                atenolol and verapamil both increase anti-hypertensive channel blocking. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              • vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled

                vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled and chlorthalidone both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Beta-agonists may acutely worsen ECG changes and/or hypokalemia resulting from non-potassium-sparing diuretics

              • vitamin D

                chlorthalidone increases effects of vitamin D by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase hypercalcemic effect of vitamin D analogs. Use with caution.

              • xipamide

                xipamide increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                xipamide increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              Minor (169)

              • acarbose

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of acarbose by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • aceclofenac

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of aceclofenac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acemetacin

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of acemetacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • acyclovir

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of acyclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • adenosine

                atenolol, adenosine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Bradycardia.

              • agrimony

                agrimony increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                agrimony increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • albuterol

                albuterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • ampicillin

                ampicillin decreases levels of atenolol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aminohippurate sodium

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of aminohippurate sodium by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • anticholinergic/sedative combos

                anticholinergic/sedative combos decreases levels of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • antipyrine

                atenolol increases levels of antipyrine by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • arformoterol

                arformoterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • aspirin

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of aspirin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin rectal

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of aspirin rectal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • atropine

                atropine increases levels of atenolol by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • atropine IV/IM

                atropine IV/IM increases levels of atenolol by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • balsalazide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of balsalazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • bendroflumethiazide

                bendroflumethiazide will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • birch

                birch increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • bitter melon

                bitter melon, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • brimonidine

                brimonidine increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                brimonidine increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • budesonide

                budesonide, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • cevimeline

                cevimeline increases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • calcitriol topical

                calcitriol topical, chlorthalidone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Potential additive hypercalcemia.

              • calcium acetate

                chlorthalidone increases levels of calcium acetate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium carbonate

                chlorthalidone increases levels of calcium carbonate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium chloride

                chlorthalidone increases levels of calcium chloride by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium citrate

                chlorthalidone increases levels of calcium citrate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • calcium gluconate

                chlorthalidone increases levels of calcium gluconate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of alkalosis, hypercalcemia.

              • carbenoxolone

                chlorthalidone, carbenoxolone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypokalemic effects.

              • cefadroxil

                cefadroxil will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefamandole

                cefamandole will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cefpirome

                cefpirome will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • celecoxib

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of celecoxib by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cephalexin

                cephalexin will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorothiazide

                chlorothiazide will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • chlorpropamide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of chlorpropamide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of chlorpropamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • choline magnesium trisalicylate

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of choline magnesium trisalicylate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cocaine topical

                atenolol increases effects of cocaine topical by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of angina.

              • colestipol

                colestipol decreases levels of chlorthalidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • cornsilk

                cornsilk increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • corticotropin

                corticotropin, chlorthalidone. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Possible enhanced electrolyte loss.

              • cortisone

                cortisone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • cosyntropin

                cosyntropin, chlorthalidone. pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Possible enhanced electrolyte loss.

              • cyclopenthiazide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of cyclopenthiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • deflazacort

                deflazacort, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • dexamethasone

                dexamethasone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • diazoxide

                diazoxide, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyperglycemia.

              • diclofenac

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of diclofenac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • diflunisal

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of diflunisal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • dihydroergotamine

                dihydroergotamine, atenolol. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive vasospasm.

              • dihydroergotamine intranasal

                dihydroergotamine intranasal, atenolol. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive vasospasm.

              • dipyridamole

                dipyridamole, atenolol. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of bradycardia.

              • dobutamine

                dobutamine, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • dopexamine

                dopexamine, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • ephedrine

                ephedrine, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epinephrine

                epinephrine, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epinephrine racemic

                epinephrine racemic, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • epoprostenol

                epoprostenol increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypotensive effects.

              • escitalopram

                escitalopram increases levels of atenolol by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • etodolac

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of etodolac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fenbufen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of fenbufen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fenoldopam

                fenoldopam increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypotensive effects.

              • fenoprofen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of fenoprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • flavoxate

                flavoxate increases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fludrocortisone

                fludrocortisone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • flurbiprofen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of flurbiprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • fo-ti

                fo-ti increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia (theoretical).

              • folic acid

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of folic acid by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • formoterol

                formoterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • forskolin

                forskolin increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                forskolin increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ganciclovir

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • guanfacine

                atenolol, guanfacine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Selective beta blocker administration during withdrawal from centrally acting alpha agonists may result in rebound hypertension.

              • glimepiride

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of glimepiride by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • glipizide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of glipizide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • glyburide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of glyburide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • goldenrod

                goldenrod increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • hydrochlorothiazide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of hydrochlorothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • hydrocortisone

                hydrocortisone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • ibuprofen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ibuprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • imaging agents (gadolinium)

                atenolol, imaging agents (gadolinium). Mechanism: unknown. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased risk of anaphylaxis from contrast media.

              • indapamide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of indapamide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • indomethacin

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of indomethacin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • insulin aspart

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin detemir

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin detemir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin glargine

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin glargine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin glulisine

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin glulisine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin lispro

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin lispro by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin NPH

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin NPH by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • insulin regular human

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of insulin regular human by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • isoproterenol

                isoproterenol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • ketoprofen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ketoprofen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ketorolac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • ketorolac intranasal

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of ketorolac intranasal by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • L-methylfolate

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of L-methylfolate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • levalbuterol

                levalbuterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • levobetaxolol

                levobetaxolol increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • lornoxicam

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of lornoxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium chloride

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium citrate

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of magnesium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium hydroxide

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of magnesium hydroxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium oxide

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of magnesium oxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • magnesium sulfate

                chlorthalidone decreases levels of magnesium sulfate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • maitake

                maitake increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meclofenamate

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of meclofenamate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mefenamic acid

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of mefenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • meloxicam

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of meloxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • mesalamine

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of mesalamine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • metaproterenol

                metaproterenol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • metformin

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • methyclothiazide

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of methyclothiazide by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • methylprednisolone

                methylprednisolone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • metipranolol ophthalmic

                metipranolol ophthalmic increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • metolazone

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of metolazone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • miglitol

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of miglitol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • minoxidil

                chlorthalidone increases effects of minoxidil by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nabumetone

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of nabumetone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • naproxen

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of naproxen by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • nateglinide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of nateglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • neostigmine

                atenolol, neostigmine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive bradycardia.

              • noni juice

                noni juice increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                atenolol and noni juice both increase serum potassium. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • norepinephrine

                norepinephrine, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • octacosanol

                octacosanol increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • octacosanol

                octacosanol increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • oxaprozin

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of oxaprozin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • oxybutynin

                atenolol increases levels of oxybutynin by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • oxybutynin topical

                atenolol increases levels of oxybutynin topical by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • oxybutynin transdermal

                atenolol increases levels of oxybutynin transdermal by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • parecoxib

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of parecoxib by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • physostigmine

                atenolol, physostigmine. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive bradycardia.

              • pilocarpine

                pilocarpine increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • pioglitazone

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of pioglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • pirbuterol

                pirbuterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • piroxicam

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of piroxicam by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • prednisolone

                prednisolone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • prednisone

                prednisone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • reishi

                reishi increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                reishi increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • repaglinide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of repaglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • shepherd's purse

                shepherd's purse, atenolol. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

              • rose hips

                rose hips will increase the level or effect of chlorthalidone by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • rosiglitazone

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of rosiglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • salicylates (non-asa)

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of salicylates (non-asa) by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • salmeterol

                salmeterol, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

              • salsalate

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of salsalate by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • saxagliptin

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of saxagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • shepherd's purse

                shepherd's purse, chlorthalidone. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

              • sitagliptin

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of sitagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • sulfadiazine

                chlorthalidone increases levels of sulfadiazine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfamethoxazole

                chlorthalidone increases levels of sulfamethoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                chlorthalidone, sulfamethoxazole. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyponatremia.

              • sulfasalazine

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of sulfasalazine by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulfisoxazole

                chlorthalidone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • sulindac

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of sulindac by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • terbutaline

                terbutaline, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.

                chlorthalidone, terbutaline. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypokalemic effects.

              • tizanidine

                tizanidine increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypotension.

                tizanidine increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypotension.

              • tolazamide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of tolazamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • treprostinil

                treprostinil increases effects of atenolol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tolbutamide

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of tolbutamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • tolfenamic acid

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of tolfenamic acid by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • tolmetin

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of tolmetin by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • treprostinil

                treprostinil increases effects of chlorthalidone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

                triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

              • trilostane

                trilostane, chlorthalidone. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Trilostane reduces K+ loss while maintaining the natriuretic effect. Mechanism: inhibition of mineralocorticoid steroid synthesis.

              • trimethoprim

                chlorthalidone, trimethoprim. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hyponatremia.

              • valganciclovir

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of valganciclovir by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • verteporfin

                chlorthalidone, verteporfin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased phototoxicity.

              • vildagliptin

                chlorthalidone decreases effects of vildagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Thiazide dosage >50 mg/day may increase blood glucose.

              • willow bark

                chlorthalidone will increase the level or effect of willow bark by acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              • yohimbe

                atenolol decreases toxicity of yohimbe by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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              Adverse Effects

              No adverse effects specific to the combination have been observed; adverse effects limited to those previously reported with atenolol and chlorthalidone

              Frequency Not Defined

              Atenolol

              • 2/3° AV block
              • Bradycardia
              • Cold extremities
              • Diarrhea
              • Drowsiness
              • Hypotension
              • Leg pain
              • Lethargy
              • Lightheadedness
              • Nausea
              • Postural hypotension
              • Unusual dreams
              • Vertigo

              Chlorthalidone

              • Blurred vision, xanthopsia
              • Constipation
              • Diarrhea
              • Dizziness
              • Electrolyte abnormalities
              • Headache, vasculitis
              • Hyperglycemia
              • Hyperuricemia
              • Hypotension
              • Impotence
              • Loss of appetite
              • Muscular spasticity, restlessness
              • Nausea/vomiting
              • Paresthesia
              • Photosensitivity, phototoxicity

              < 1%

              Atenolol

              • Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), catatonia, disorientation, elevated serum hepatic enzymes & bilirubin, emotional lability, fatigue, hallucinations, headache, hypotension, impaired performance on neuropsychometric tests, impotence, lupus syndrome, mental depression, nausea, Peyronie's disease, psychoses, purpura, rashes, severe CHF, short-term memory impairment, sick sinus syndrome, thrombocytopenia, visual disturbances, wheezing & dyspnea more likely if dose >100 mg qD, xerophthalmia, xerostomia

              Chlorthalidone

              • Cardiac dysrhythmia (rare), disorder of hematopoietic structure (rare), hepatotoxicity (rare), pancreatitis (rare), pulmonary edema (rare), scaling eczema (ra re), stevens-Johnson syndrome (rare), systemic lupus erythematosus (rare), toxic epidermal necrolysis (rare)
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              Warnings

              Contraindications

              Anuria

              Cardiogenic shock

              Heart block 2°/3°

              Hypersensitivity to either component or sulfonamides

              Overt cardiac failure

              Sinus bradycardia

              Cautions

              Chronically administered beta-blocking therapy should not be routinely withdrawn prior to major surgery, however, the impaired ability of the heart to respond to reflex adrenergic stimuli may augment the risks of general anesthesia and surgical procedures

              Atenolol and chlorthalidone tablets should not be given to patients with untreated pheochromocytoma

              Atenolol and chlorthalidone tablets may aggravate peripheral arterial circulatory disorders

              In patients receiving thiazides, sensitivity reactions may occur with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma; possible exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus reported; antihypertensive effects of thiazides may be enhanced in post sympathectomy patient

              Cardiac failure

              • Sympathetic stimulation is necessary in supporting circulatory function in congestive heart failure, and beta-blockade carries the potential hazard of further depressing myocardial contrac­tility and precipitating more severe failure
              • In patients without history of cardiac failure, continued depression of myocardium with beta-blocking agents over a period of time can, in some cases, lead to cardiac failure; at first sign or symptom of impending cardiac failure, patients should be treated appropriately according to currently recommended guidelines, and response observed closely; if cardiac failure continues despite adequate treatment, atenolol and chlorthalidone should be withdrawn
              • Renal and hepatic disease and electrolyte disturbances
              • Since atenolol is excreted via kidneys, atenolol and chlorthalidone should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function
              • In patients with renal disease, thiazides may precipitate azotemia; since cumulative effects may develop in presence of impaired renal function, if progressive renal impairment becomes evident, atenolol and chlorthalidone should be discontinued
              • In patients with impaired hepatic function or progressive liver disease, minor alterations in fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma; atenolol and chlorthalidone should be used with caution in these patients

              Ischemic heart disease

              • Following abrupt cessation of therapy with certain beta-blocking agents in patients with coronary artery disease, exacerbations of angina pectoris and, in some cases, myocardial infarction have been reported; such patients should be cautioned against interruption of therapy without physician’s advice
              • Even in absence of overt angina pectoris, when discontin­uation of atenolol and chlorthalidone is planned, the patient should be carefully observed and should be advised to limit physical activity to a minimum
              • Atenolol and chlorthalidone should be reinstated if withdrawal symptoms occur; because coronary artery disease is common and may be unrecognized, it may be prudent not to discontinue atenolol and chlorthalidone therapy abruptly even in patients treated only for hypertension

              Bronchospastic disease

              • In general, patients with bronchospastic disease should not receive beta-blockers; because of its relative beta1-selectivity, however, atenolol and chlorthalidone may be used with caution in patients with bronchospastic disease who do not respond to or cannot tolerate other antihypertensive treatment
              • Since beta1-selectivity is not absolute, the lowest possible dose of atenolol and chlorthalidone should be used and a beta2-stimulating agent (bronchodilator) should be made available; if dosage must be increased, dividing the dose should be considered in order to achieve lower peak blood levels

              Metabolic endocrine effects

              • Atenolol and chlorthalidone may be used with caution in diabetic patients; beta-blockers may mask tachycardia occurring with hypoglycemia, but other manifestations such as dizziness and sweating may not be significantly affected
              • At recommended doses atenolol does not potentiate insulin-induced hypoglycemia and, unlike nonselective beta blockers, does not delay recovery of blood glucose to normal levels
              • Insulin requirements in diabetic patients may be increased, decreased or unchanged; latent diabetes mellitus may become manifest during chlorthalidone administration.
              • Beta-adrenergic blockade may mask certain clinical signs (eg, tachycardia) of hyperthyroidism; abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockade might precipitate a thyroid storm; therefore, patients suspected of developing thyrotoxicosis from whom atenolol and chlorthalidone therapy is to be withdrawn should be monitored closely
              • Because calcium excretion is decreased by thiazides, atenolol, and chlorthalidone should be discontinued before carrying out tests for parathyroid function; pathologic changes in the para­thyroid glands, with hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia, have been observed in a few patients on prolonged thiazide therapy; however, the common complications of hyperparathyroidism such as renal lithiasis, bone resorption, and peptic ulceration have not been seen
              • Hyperuricemia may occur, or acute gout may be precipitated in certain patients receiving thiazide therapy

              Electrolyte and fluid balance status

              • Periodic determination of serum electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be performed at appropriate intervals
              • Patients should be observed for clinical signs of fluid or electrolyte imbalance; eg, hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, and hypokalemia; serum and urine electrolyte determinations are partic­ularly important when patient is vomiting excessively or receiving parenteral fluids
              • Warning signs or symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance include dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting
              • Measurement of potassium levels is appropriate, especially in elderly patients, those receiving digitalis preparations for cardiac failure, patients whose dietary intake of potassium is abnormally low, or those suffering from gastrointestinal complaints
              • Hypokalemia may develop especially with brisk diuresis when severe cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids or ACTH
              • Interference with adequate oral electrolyte intake will also contribute to hypokalemia; hypo­kalemia can sensitize or exaggerate response of heart to toxic effects of digitalis (eg, increased ventricular irritability); hypokalemia may be avoided or treated by use of potassium supplements or foods with a high potassium content
              • Any chloride deficit during thiazide therapy is generally mild and usually does not require specific treatment except under extraordinary circumstances (as in liver disease or renal disease); dilutional hyponatremia may occur in edematous patients in hot weather; appropriate therapy is water restriction rather than administration of salt except in rare instances when hyponatremia is life-threatening; in actual salt depletion, appropriate replacement is the therapy of choice

              Drug interaction overview

              • Bradycardia and heart block can occur and the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure can rise when beta-blockers are administered with verapamil or diltiazem; patients with pre-existing conduction abnormalities or left ventricular dysfunction are particularly susceptible; calcium channel blockers may have additive effect when given with atenolol and chlorthalidone
              • Atenolol and chlorthalidone may potentiate action of other antihypertensive agents used concomitantly; patients treated with atenolol and chlorthalidone plus a catecholamine depletor (eg, reserpine) should be closely observed for evidence of hypotension and/or marked bradycardia which may produce vertigo, syncope, or postural hypotension
              • Disopyramide is a Type I antiarrhythmic drug with potent negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Disopyramide has been associated with severe bradycardia, asystole and heart failure when administered with beta-blockers.
              • Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent with negative chronotropic properties that may be additive to those seen with beta-blockers.
              • Thiazides may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. This diminution is not sufficient to preclude the therapeutic effectiveness of norepinephrine. Thiazides may increase the responsiveness to tubocurarine.
              • Concomitant use of prostaglandin synthase inhibiting drugs, eg, indomethacin, may decrease hypotensive effects of beta blockers
              • Lithium generally should not be given with diuretics because they reduce renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity
              • Beta-blockers may exacerbate the rebound hypertension which can follow withdrawal of clonidine; if the two drugs are coadministered, the beta blocker should be withdrawn several days before the gradual withdrawal of clonidine; if replacing clonidine by beta-blocker therapy, the introduction of beta-blockers should be delayed for several days after clonidine administration has stopped
              • While taking beta-blockers, patients with a history of anaphylactic reaction to a variety of allergens may have a more severe reaction on repeated challenge, either accidental, diagnostic, or therapeutic; such patients may be unresponsive to usual doses of epinephrine used to treat allergic reaction
              • Both digitalis glycosides and beta-blockers slow atrioventricular conduction and decrease heart rate; concomitant use can increase risk of bradycardia
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              Pregnancy & Lactation

              Pregnancy

              Atenolol can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman; atenolol crosses placental barrier and appears in cord blood; administration of atenolol, starting in second trimester of pregnancy, has been associated with birth of infants that are small for gestational age; no studies have been performed on the use of atenolol in first trimester and possibility of fetal injury cannot be excluded

              If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of potential hazard to fetus

              Neonates born to mothers who are receiving atenolol at parturition may be at risk for hypoglycemia and bradycardia; exercise caution when atenolol and chlorthalidone is administered during pregnancy or to a woman who is breastfeeding

              No teratogenic or embryotoxic effects demonstrated in rat and rabbit

              Atenolol

              • Atenolol has been shown to produce a dose-related increase in embryo/fetal resorptions in rats at doses 25 or more times maximum recommended human antihypertensive dose; although similar effects were not seen in rabbits, the compound was not evaluated in rabbits at doses above 25 mg/kg/day or 12.5 times maximum recommended human antihypertensive dose, based on maximum dose of 100 mg/day in a 50 kg patient

              Chlorthalidone

              • Thiazides cross placental barrier and appear in cord blood; the use of chlorthalidone and related drugs in pregnant women requires that anticipated benefits of the drug be weighed against possible hazards to the fetus; these hazards include fetal or neonatal jaundice, thrombocytopenia and possibly other adverse reactions which have occurred in the adult

              Lactation

              Atenolol is excreted in human breast milk at ratio of 1.5 to 6.8 when compared to concentration in plasma; caution should be exercised when atenolol is administered to a nursing woman; clinically significant bradycardia has been reported in breastfed infants; premature infants, or infants with impaired renal function, may be more likely to develop adverse effects

              Neonates born to mothers who are receiving atenolol at parturition or breastfeeding may be at risk for hypoglycemia and bradycardia; caution should be exercised when atenolol and chlorthalidone is administered during pregnancy or to a woman who is breastfeeding

              Pregnancy Categories

              A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

              B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

              C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

              D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

              X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

              NA: Information not available.

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              Pharmacology

              Mechanism of Action

              Atenolol/chlorthalidone is a fixed-combination tablet that combines a beta adrenergic receptor blocker atenolol, and a diuretic, chlorthalidone

              Atenolol: Cardioselective inhibitor of beta(1)-adrenoceptor, has no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic activity or membrane stabilizing activity in its therapeutic dosage; exhibits beta(2)-adrenoceptors inhibition and negative chronotropic effect

              Chlorthalidone: Monosulfonamyl diuretic inhibits Na and Cl reabsorption in cortical-diluting segment of ascending loop of Henle

              Pharmacokinetics

              Atenolol

              • Onset: 2-4 hr (peak effect)
              • Protein binding: 6-16%
              • Metabolism: Liver
              • Duration: 12-24 hr (normal renal function)
              • Absorption: 50%
              • Half-life: 6-7 hr (normal renal function); 15-35 hr (end stage renal disease); >5 hr (children >10 years of age); < 5 hr (children 5-10 year of age)
              • Peak plasma time: 2-4 hr (PO)
              • Excretion: Feces (50%); urine (40%)

              Chlorthalidone

              • Duration: 24-72 hr
              • Onset: 2-6 hr (peak effect)
              • Metabolism: Liver
              • Protein binding: 75%
              • Bioavailability: 60-65%
              • Excretion: Urine (50-65%)
              • Half-life: 40-60 hr (normal renal function); prolonged in renal impairment; 81 hr (anuria)
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              Images

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              Patient Handout

              A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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              Formulary

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              Tier Description
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              Code Definition
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              Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.