dexamethasone/tobramycin (Rx)

Brand and Other Names:TobraDex, TobraDex ST

Dosing & Uses

AdultPediatric

Dosage Forms & Strengths

dexamethasone/tobramycin

ophthalmic ointment

  • 0.1%/0.3%

ophthalmic suspension

  • 0.05%/0.3%
  • 0.1%/0.3%

Ocular Inflammation & Bacterial Infection

Ophthalmic suspension: 1-2 gtt to affected eye(s) q4-6hr; if needed, may increase frequency to q2hr during the first 24-48 hr; then taper to less frequent intervals

Ophthalmic ointment: Apply small amount (ie, ~0.5-in ribbon) to conjunctival sac(s) q6-8hr

Dosage Forms & Strengths

dexamethasone/tobramycin

ophthalmic ointment

  • (0.1%/0.3%)

(ophthalmic suspension)

  • (0.05%/0.3%)
  • (0.1%/0.3%)

Ocular Inflammation & Bacterial Infection

<2 years

  • Safety and efficacy not established

>2 years

  • Ophthalmic suspension: 1-2 gtt to affected eye(s) q4-6hr; if needed, may increase frequency to q2hr during the first 24-48 hr; then taper to less frequent intervals
  • Ophthalmic ointment: Apply small amount (ie, ~0.5-in ribbon) to conjunctival sac(s) q6-8hr
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Interactions

Interaction Checker

and dexamethasone/tobramycin

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            Contraindicated (19)

            • apixaban

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of apixaban by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Reduces anticoagulant effect by decreasing apixaban systemic exposure

            • artemether/lumefantrine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of artemether/lumefantrine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers can result in decreased serum concentrations and loss of antimalarial efficacy

            • cariprazine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cariprazine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. CYP3A4 is responsible for the formation and elimination of cariprazine's active metabolites. The effect of CYP3A4 inducers on cariprazine exposure has not been evaluated and the net effect is unclear.

            • cobimetinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cobimetinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Avoid coadministration. Strong or moderate CYP3A inducers may decrease cobimetinib systemic exposure by >80% and reduce its efficacy.

            • dienogest/estradiol valerate

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dienogest/estradiol valerate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Women should not choose estradiol valerate/dienogest as their contraceptive while using strong CYP3A4 inducers due to potential decrease in contraceptive efficacy. Estradiol valerate/dienogest should not be used for at least 28 days after discontinuation of the inducer due to possibility of decreased contraceptive efficacy.

            • elbasvir/grazoprevir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of elbasvir/grazoprevir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. The therapeutic effect of elbasvir/grazoprevir may be reduced if coadministered with strong CYP3A inducers and is therefore contraindicated.

            • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

              dexamethasone decreases levels of elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. May lead to loss of virologic response and possible resistance.

            • lumacaftor/ivacaftor

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lumacaftor/ivacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP3A inducers have minimal effect on lumacaftor exposure, but decreased ivacaftor exposure (AUC) by 57%. This may reduce the effectiveness of lumacaftor/ivacaftor. Therefore, coadministration is not recommended.

            • lumefantrine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lumefantrine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers can result in decreased serum concentrations and loss of antimalarial efficacy

            • lurasidone

              dexamethasone decreases levels of lurasidone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Contraindicated; decreases lurasidone Cmax by ~85%.

            • mifepristone

              mifepristone, dexamethasone. Mechanism: unknown. Contraindicated. Mfr. states that mifepristone is contraindicated in pts. on long term corticosteroid Tx.

            • naloxegol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of naloxegol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Use of naloxegol with strong CYP3A4 inducers is not recommended

            • ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC) by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP3A4 inducers may reduce partiaprevir and ritonavir levels, and therefore decreased efficacy of Viekira Pak

            • panobinostat

              dexamethasone decreases levels of panobinostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP3A4 inducers can reduce panobinostat levels by ~70% and lead to treatment failure.

            • praziquantel

              dexamethasone decreases levels of praziquantel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP450 inducers significantly decrease praziquantel blood levels.

            • regorafenib

              dexamethasone, regorafenib. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Strong CYP3A4 inducers decrease regorafenib levels and increase exposure of the active metabolite M-5.

            • rilpivirine

              dexamethasone decreases levels of rilpivirine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Contraindicated. Rilpivirine should not be co-administered with strong CYP 3A4 inducers. Potential for loss of virologic response and possible resistance to rilpivirine or to the NNRTI class.

            • roflumilast

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of roflumilast by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Coadministration not recommended; strong cytochrome P450 enzyme inducers decrease systemic exposure to roflumilast and may reduce the therapeutic effectiveness

            • vandetanib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of vandetanib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Contraindicated. Avoid coadministration with potent CYP3A4 inducers; these drugs reduce exposure to vandetanib by up to 40%.

            Serious - Use Alternative (145)

            • abemaciclib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of abemaciclib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of abemaciclib with strong CYP3A4 inducers reduces plasma concentration of abemaciclib and its metabolites.

            • acalabrutinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of acalabrutinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of acalabrutinib with strong CYP3A inducers. If a strong CYP3A inducer must be used, increase acalabrutinib dose to 200 mg twice daily.

            • adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral

              dexamethasone decreases effects of adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Corticosteroids may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of corticosteroid therapy.

            • aldesleukin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of aldesleukin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid combination because corticosteroids can potentially diminish the antineoplastic effects of aldesleukin.

            • amphotericin B deoxycholate

              amphotericin B deoxycholate and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • anthrax vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of anthrax vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • apalutamide

              apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.

            • apremilast

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of apremilast by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration with strong CYP inducers results in a significant decrease of systemic exposure of apremilast, which may result in loss of efficacy

            • atracurium

              tobramycin increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • axicabtagene ciloleucel

              dexamethasone, axicabtagene ciloleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Consider the use of prophylactic corticosteroid in patients after weighing the potential benefits and risks. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              axicabtagene ciloleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • axitinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Selection of concomitant medication with no or minimal CYP3A4 induction potential is recommended.

            • BCG vaccine live

              dexamethasone decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • bacitracin

              tobramycin and bacitracin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concurrent use of bacitracin with other nephrotoxic drugs

            • BCG vaccine live

              tobramycin decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.

            • bedaquiline

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of bedaquiline by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of bedaquiline with strong CYP3A4 inducers due to potential for decreased therapeutic effect

            • bosutinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of bosutinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP3A4 inducers decreased bosutinib plasma concentration by ~85% .

            • brexucabtagene autoleucel

              dexamethasone, brexucabtagene autoleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              brexucabtagene autoleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • brigatinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of brigatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers may decrease brigatinib efficacy.

            • bumetanide

              bumetanide, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

            • cabozantinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cabozantinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of cabozantinib with strong CYP3A4 inducers. If a strong CYP3A4 inducer is required, increase cabozantinib dose by 40 mg/day (Cometriq) or by 20 mg/day (Cabometyx). Resume previous dose 2-3 days after strong CYP3A4 inducer discontinued.

            • carbamazepine

              carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • ceritinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ceritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • cholera vaccine

              tobramycin, cholera vaccine. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of cholera vaccine with systemic antibiotics since these agents may be active against the vaccine strain. Do not administer cholera vaccine to patients who have received oral or parenteral antibiotics within 14 days prior to vaccination.

            • cidofovir

              cidofovir and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • ciltacabtagene autoleucel

              dexamethasone, ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              ciltacabtagene autoleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • cimetidine

              cimetidine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • cisatracurium

              tobramycin increases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • clarithromycin

              clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • cobicistat

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cobicistat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration with corticosteroids that induce CYP3A4 may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance to atazanavir or darunavir

              cobicistat will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration with corticosteroids that are metabolized by CYP3A, particularly for long-term use, may increase the risk for development of systemic corticosteroid effects including Cushing syndrome and adrenal suppression

            • copanlisib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of copanlisib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of copanlisib with strong CYP3A4 inducers.

            • dabrafenib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of dabrafenib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • dihydroergotamine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dihydroergotamine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • dihydroergotamine intranasal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dihydroergotamine intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • diphtheria & tetanus toxoids

              dexamethasone decreases effects of diphtheria & tetanus toxoids by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • diphtheria & tetanus toxoids/ acellular pertussis vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of diphtheria & tetanus toxoids/ acellular pertussis vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • diphtheria & tetanus toxoids/acellular pertussis/poliovirus, inactivated vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of diphtheria & tetanus toxoids/acellular pertussis/poliovirus, inactivated vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • dronedarone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dronedarone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • eliglustat

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of eliglustat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP3A inducers significantly decreases eliglustat exposure; coadministration not recommended

            • elvitegravir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of elvitegravir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid; coadministration with CYP3A inducers may result in decreased plasma concentrations of elvitegravir and/or a concomitantly administered protease inhibitor and lead to loss of therapeutic effect and to possible resistance

            • erdafitinib

              erdafitinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration unavoidable, separate administration by at least 6 hr before or after administration of P-gp substrates with narrow therapeutic index.

            • ergotamine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ergotamine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • erythromycin base

              erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of erythromycin base by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • erythromycin ethylsuccinate

              erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of erythromycin ethylsuccinate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • erythromycin lactobionate

              erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of erythromycin lactobionate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • erythromycin stearate

              erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of erythromycin stearate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • ethacrynic acid

              ethacrynic acid, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

            • ethinylestradiol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

            • etrasimod

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of etrasimod by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased exposure of etrasimod expected in patients who are CYP2C9 poor metabolizers if coadministered with moderate to strong CYP2C8 inhibitors.

            • everolimus

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of everolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • fexinidazole

              fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.

            • furosemide

              furosemide, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

            • hepatitis A vaccine inactivated

              dexamethasone decreases effects of hepatitis A vaccine inactivated by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • hepatitis a/b vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of hepatitis a/b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • hepatitis a/typhoid vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of hepatitis a/typhoid vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • hepatitis b vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of hepatitis b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive therapies, including irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs, and corticosteroids (used in greater than physiologic doses), may reduce the immune responses to vaccines.

            • human papillomavirus vaccine, quadrivalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of human papillomavirus vaccine, quadrivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive therapies, including irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs, and corticosteroids (used in greater than physiologic doses), may reduce the immune responses to vaccines.

            • ibrutinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ibrutinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP3A inducers decrease ibrutinib plasma concentrations by ~10-fold.

            • idecabtagene vicleucel

              dexamethasone, idecabtagene vicleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              idecabtagene vicleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • idelalisib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of idelalisib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration; strong CYP3A4 inducers significantly decrease idelalisib systemic exposure

              idelalisib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates

            • incobotulinumtoxinA

              tobramycin increases effects of incobotulinumtoxinA by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive drugs may reduce the immune response to influenza vaccine.

            • influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, cell-cultured

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, cell-cultured by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, intranasal

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, intranasal by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • influenza virus vaccine trivalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive drugs may reduce the immune response to influenza vaccine.

            • ivabradine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ivabradine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of ivabradine with moderate CYP3A4 inducers.

            • ivacaftor

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ivacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers; systemic exposure of ivacaftor substantially reduced (ie, ~9-fold).

            • ivosidenib

              ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.

            • ixazomib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ixazomib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of ixazomib with strong CYP3A inducers. Strong inducers have been shown to decrease ixazomib Cmax by 54% and AUC by 74%.

            • Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • larotrectinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of larotrectinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • lasmiditan

              lasmiditan increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • lisocabtagene maraleucel

              dexamethasone, lisocabtagene maraleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              lisocabtagene maraleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • lonafarnib

              lonafarnib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates. If coadministration unavoidable, monitor for adverse reactions and reduce CYP3A substrate dose in accordance with product labeling.

            • lovastatin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lovastatin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • macimorelin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of macimorelin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Potential for false positive test results if macimorelin and strong CYP3A4 inducers are coadministered. Discontinue strong CYP3A4 inducer, allowing for sufficient washout time, before testing.

              dexamethasone, macimorelin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Drugs that directly affect the pituitary secretion of growth hormone (GH) may impact the accuracy of the macimorelin diagnostic test. Allow sufficient washout time of drugs affecting GH release before administering macimorelin. .

            • macitentan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of macitentan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministering macitentan with strong CYP3A4 inducers

            • mannitol

              mannitol increases levels of tobramycin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Contraindicated.

            • measles (rubeola) vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of measles (rubeola) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live

              dexamethasone decreases effects of measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live

              dexamethasone decreases effects of measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • meningococcal A C Y and W-135 polysaccharide vaccine combined

              dexamethasone decreases effects of meningococcal A C Y and W-135 polysaccharide vaccine combined by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • microbiota oral

              tobramycin decreases effects of microbiota oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Microbiota oral contains bacterial spores. Antibacterial agents may decrease efficacy if coadministered. Complete antibiotic regimens 2-4 days before initiating microbiota oral. .

            • midostaurin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of midostaurin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP3A4 inducers may decrease midostaurin concentrations resulting in reduced efficacy.

            • mifepristone

              mifepristone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • naldemedine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of naldemedine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inducers.

            • nefazodone

              nefazodone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • neomycin PO

              neomycin PO and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • neratinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of neratinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of neratinib with strong/moderate CYP3A4 inducers.

            • netupitant/palonosetron

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of netupitant/palonosetron by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Netupitant is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4; avoid use in patients who are chronically using a strong CYP3A4 inducer

            • nivolumab

              dexamethasone increases toxicity of nivolumab by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Immunosuppression diminishes therapeutic effect of nivolumab; combination also increases mortality in patients with multiple myeloma when thalidomide and dexamethasone added to therapy.

            • olaparib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of olaparib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of olaparib with strong CYP3A4 inducers.

            • onabotulinumtoxinA

              tobramycin increases effects of onabotulinumtoxinA by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • osimertinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of osimertinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of osimertinib with strong CYP3A inducers.

            • pacritinib

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of pacritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • palbociclib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of palbociclib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Strong CYP3A inducers decrease palbociclib plasma exposure by ~85%.

            • pancuronium

              tobramycin increases effects of pancuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • perampanel

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of perampanel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • pneumococcal vaccine 13-valent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine 13-valent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • pneumococcal vaccine heptavalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine heptavalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent

              dexamethasone decreases effects of pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • ponatinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ponatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid unless the coadministration outweighs the possible risk of ponatinib underexposure; monitor for signs of reduced efficacy.

            • quinidine

              quinidine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

              quinidine will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • rabies vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of rabies vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids may interfere with development of active immunity.

            • rapacuronium

              tobramycin increases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • rabies vaccine chick embryo cell derived

              dexamethasone decreases effects of rabies vaccine chick embryo cell derived by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • ranolazine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ranolazine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • rifabutin

              rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • rifampin

              rifampin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • rocuronium

              tobramycin increases effects of rocuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • rolapitant

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of rolapitant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Long-term coadministration of strong CYP3A4 inducers with rolapitant may significantly decrease rolapitant efficacy.

            • romidepsin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of romidepsin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration with strong 3A4 inducers should be avoided if possible.

            • rotavirus oral vaccine, live

              dexamethasone decreases effects of rotavirus oral vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • rubella vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of rubella vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • saquinavir

              saquinavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • silodosin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of silodosin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • simvastatin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of simvastatin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • sirolimus

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sirolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live

              dexamethasone decreases effects of smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • sofosbuvir/velpatasvir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Velpatasvir is a substrate of CYP2B6, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4. Drugs that are moderate-to-potent inducers of CYP2B6, CYP2C8, or CYP3A4 may significantly decrease velpatasvir plasma concentrations, leading to potentially reduced therapeutic effect.

            • sonidegib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sonidegib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sonidegib with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers.

            • sotorasib

              sotorasib will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If use is unavoidable, refer to the prescribing information of the P-gp substrate for dosage modifications.

            • squill

              dexamethasone increases toxicity of squill by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • St John's Wort

              St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • succinylcholine

              tobramycin increases effects of succinylcholine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            • tepotinib

              tepotinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If concomitant use unavoidable, reduce the P-gp substrate dosage if recommended in its approved product labeling.

            • testosterone intranasal

              testosterone intranasal, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Coadministration increases risk for edema, particularly in patients with cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease.

            • tetanus toxoid adsorbed or fluid

              dexamethasone decreases effects of tetanus toxoid adsorbed or fluid by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • tezacaftor

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tezacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • tick-borne encephalitis vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of tick-borne encephalitis vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • tisagenlecleucel

              dexamethasone, tisagenlecleucel. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

              tisagenlecleucel, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids as premedication before CAR-T cell therapy. Corticosteroids may, however, be required for treatment of cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity.

            • tofacitinib

              dexamethasone, tofacitinib. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • tolvaptan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tolvaptan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • torsemide

              torsemide, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

            • trabectedin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of trabectedin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • travelers diarrhea and cholera vaccine inactivated

              dexamethasone decreases effects of travelers diarrhea and cholera vaccine inactivated by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • tucatinib

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of tucatinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of tucatinib (a CYP2C8 substrate) with a strong or moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increases tucatinib plasma concentrations and risk of toxicities.

              tucatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.

            • typhoid polysaccharide vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of typhoid polysaccharide vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • typhoid vaccine live

              tobramycin decreases effects of typhoid vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of typhoid vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Corticosteroids also increase risk of infection with concomitant live vaccines.

            • ulipristal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ulipristal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

            • vecuronium

              tobramycin increases effects of vecuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of apnea.

            Monitor Closely (355)

            • abiraterone

              dexamethasone decreases levels of abiraterone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid coadministration of abiraterone with strong CYP3A4 inducers; if a strong CYP3A4 inducer must be used, increase abiraterone dosage frequency from once daily to twice daily.

            • abobotulinumtoxinA

              tobramycin increases effects of abobotulinumtoxinA by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Aminoglycosides may enhance botulinum toxin effects. Closely monitor for increased neuromuscular blockade.

            • aceclofenac

              aceclofenac, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • acemetacin

              acemetacin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • acyclovir

              acyclovir and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • albiglutide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of albiglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .

            • almotriptan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of almotriptan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • alprazolam

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of alprazolam by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • amikacin

              amikacin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • amiodarone

              amiodarone will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of amiodarone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              amiodarone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • amobarbital

              amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • antithrombin alfa

              dexamethasone, antithrombin alfa. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • antithrombin III

              dexamethasone, antithrombin III. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • aprepitant

              aprepitant will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of aprepitant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • argatroban

              dexamethasone, argatroban. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • aripiprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of aripiprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • armodafinil

              armodafinil will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • artemether/lumefantrine

              artemether/lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • aspirin

              aspirin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • aspirin rectal

              aspirin rectal, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

              aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • atazanavir

              atazanavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atogepant

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atorvastatin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of atorvastatin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              atorvastatin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • atracurium

              atracurium, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • avanafil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of avanafil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. For patients with ED, monitor response carefully because of potential for decreased effectiveness.

            • bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • belatacept

              belatacept and dexamethasone both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • belzutifan

              belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If unable to avoid coadministration of belzutifan with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates, consider increasing the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate dose in accordance with its prescribing information.

            • bemiparin

              dexamethasone, bemiparin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Caution when discontinuing CYP3A4 inducers that are coadministered with benzhydrocodone (prodrug of hydrocodone); plasma concentrations of hydrocodone may increase and can result in potentially fatal respiratory depression.

            • berotralstat

              berotralstat will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor or titrate P-gp substrate dose if coadministered.

            • bexarotene

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of bexarotene by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bivalirudin

              dexamethasone, bivalirudin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • bortezomib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of bortezomib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bosentan

              bosentan will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • bosutinib

              bosutinib increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • brentuximab vedotin

              dexamethasone decreases levels of brentuximab vedotin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • brexpiprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of brexpiprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Double brexpiprazole dose over 1-2 weeks if administered with a strong CYP3A4 inducer.

            • budesonide

              budesonide will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • buprenorphine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • buprenorphine buccal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine buccal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • buprenorphine subdermal implant

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine subdermal implant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor patients already on buprenorphine subdermal implant who require newly-initiated treatment with CYP3A4 inducer for signs and symptoms of withdrawal. If the dose of the concomitant CYP3A4 inducer cannot be reduced or discontinued, implant removal may be necessary and the patient should then be treated with a buprenorphine dosage form that permits dose adjustments. If a CYP3A4 inducer is discontinued in a patient who has been stabilized on buprenorphine, monitor the patient for overmedication.

            • buprenorphine, long-acting injection

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of buprenorphine, long-acting injection by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Patients who transfer to buprenorphine long-acting injection from transmucosal buprenorphine coadministered with CYP3A4 inducers should be monitored to ensure buprenorphine plasma levels are adequate. If the buprenorphine dose is inadequate and the CYP3A4 inducer cannot be reduced or discontinued, transition the patient back to a buprenorphine formulation that permits dose adjustments.

            • buspirone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of buspirone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • butabarbital

              butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • butalbital

              butalbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • calcifediol

              dexamethasone, calcifediol. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Drugs that stimulate microsomal hydroxylation reduce the half-life of calcifediol.

            • capreomycin

              capreomycin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carbamazepine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of carbamazepine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • carboplatin

              carboplatin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • celecoxib

              celecoxib, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • cenobamate

              cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase dose of CYP3A4 substrate, as needed, when coadministered with cenobamate.

            • cephaloridine

              cephaloridine and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cholera vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of cholera vaccine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Immunosuppressive therapies, including irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs and corticosteroids (used in greater than physiologic doses), may reduce the immune response to cholera vaccine.

            • cholestyramine

              cholestyramine decreases levels of dexamethasone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • choline magnesium trisalicylate

              choline magnesium trisalicylate, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • cilostazol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cilostazol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • cinacalcet

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cinacalcet by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ciprofloxacin

              dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of quinolone antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase risk of tendon rupture.

            • cisatracurium

              cisatracurium, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • cisplatin

              cisplatin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • clarithromycin

              clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • clopidogrel

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of clopidogrel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers may increase the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. Monitor patients for potential increase in antiplatelet effects when CYP3A4 inducers are used in combination with clopidogrel

            • clotrimazole

              clotrimazole will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • clotrimazole

              clotrimazole will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • clozapine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of clozapine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • colchicine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of colchicine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • colistin

              colistin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • conivaptan

              conivaptan will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of conivaptan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • conjugated estrogens

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of conjugated estrogens by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • conjugated estrogens, vaginal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of conjugated estrogens, vaginal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • contrast media (iodinated)

              contrast media (iodinated) and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • corticorelin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of corticorelin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. ACTH response to corticorelin may be blunted with pretreatment with dexamethasone.

            • cortisone

              cortisone will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • crizotinib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of crizotinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers should be avoided. .

              crizotinib increases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dose reduction may be needed for coadministered drugs that are predominantly metabolized by CYP3A.

              crizotinib increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • crofelemer

              crofelemer increases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Crofelemer has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4 at concentrations expected in the gut; unlikely to inhibit systemically because minimally absorbed.

            • cyclosporine

              cyclosporine and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              cyclosporine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone, cyclosporine. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may increase or decrease cyclosporine concentrations. Also, cyclosporine may increase the plasma concentrations of the corticosteroids. Monitor for changes in cyclosporine concentrations and for toxicities of corticosteroids and/or cyclosporine.

              cyclosporine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dabrafenib

              dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • daptomycin

              tobramycin, daptomycin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tobramycin levels decrease and daptomycin levels increase when coadministered after single a dose.

            • dalteparin

              dexamethasone, dalteparin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • daprodustat

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of daprodustat by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors increase daprodustat exposure. If coadministered with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors, reduce daprodustat starting dose by half (except if starting dose is already 1 mg). Monitor hemoglobin and adjust daprodustat dose when initiating or stopping therapy with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors during treatment

            • darifenacin

              darifenacin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • darunavir

              darunavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of darunavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dasatinib

              dasatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dasatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • deferasirox

              deferasirox, tobramycin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Acute renal failure has been reported during treatment with deferasirox. Coadministration of deferasirox with other potentially nephrotoxic drugs, including aminoglycosides, may increase the risk of this toxicity. Monitor serum creatinine and/or creatinine clearance in patients who are receiving deferasirox and nephrotoxic drugs concomitantly.

              deferasirox will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dengue vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of dengue vaccine by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Immunosuppressive therapies (eg, irradiation, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs, corticosteroids [greater than physiologic doses]) may reduce immune response to dengue vaccine.

            • dichlorphenamide

              dichlorphenamide and tobramycin both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • denosumab

              dexamethasone, denosumab. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.

            • DHEA, herbal

              DHEA, herbal will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diazepam

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of diazepam by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dichlorphenamide

              dichlorphenamide and dexamethasone both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diclofenac

              diclofenac, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • diflunisal

              diflunisal, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • digoxin

              tobramycin will increase the level or effect of digoxin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • diltiazem

              diltiazem will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • doxorubicin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of doxorubicin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • doxorubicin liposomal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of doxorubicin liposomal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • dronabinol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dronabinol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dronabinol is a CYP3A4 substrate.

            • dronedarone

              dronedarone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dronedarone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dronedarone will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • duvelisib

              duvelisib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. will increase the level or effect of

            • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

              tobramycin and elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • efavirenz

              efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • elagolix

              elagolix will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.

            • eletriptan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of eletriptan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • eliglustat

              eliglustat increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor therapeutic drug concentrations, as indicated, or consider reducing the dosage of the P-gp substrate and titrate to clinical effect.

            • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

              elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.

            • encorafenib

              encorafenib, dexamethasone. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Encorafenib both inhibits and induces CYP3A4 at clinically relevant plasma concentrations. Coadministration of encorafenib with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates may result in increased toxicity or decreased efficacy of these agents.

            • enoxaparin

              dexamethasone, enoxaparin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • enzalutamide

              enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erlotinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of erlotinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erythromycin base

              erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erythromycin ethylsuccinate

              erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erythromycin lactobionate

              erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • erythromycin stearate

              erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • eslicarbazepine acetate

              eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estradiol

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of estradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estradiol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of estradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estradiol vaginal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of estradiol vaginal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estrogens conjugated synthetic

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of estrogens conjugated synthetic by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of estrogens conjugated synthetic by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estrogens esterified

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of estrogens esterified by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estropipate

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of estropipate by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • estropipate

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of estropipate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • etodolac

              etodolac, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • etoposide

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • etravirine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of etravirine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              etravirine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • exemestane

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of exemestane by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • exenatide injectable solution

              dexamethasone decreases effects of exenatide injectable solution by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .

            • exenatide injectable suspension

              dexamethasone decreases effects of exenatide injectable suspension by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully.

            • fedratinib

              fedratinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates as necessary.

            • felodipine

              felodipine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of felodipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              felodipine will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fenoprofen

              fenoprofen, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • fosphenytoin

              fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fentanyl

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fentanyl by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of fentanyl with CYP3A4 inducers could lead to a decrease in fentanyl plasma concentrations, lack of efficacy or, possibly, development of a withdrawal syndrome in a patient who has developed physical dependence to fentanyl. After stopping a CYP3A4 inducer, as the effects of the inducer decline, the fentanyl plasma concentration will increase which could increase or prolong both the therapeutic and adverse effects.

            • fentanyl intranasal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fentanyl intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of fentanyl with CYP3A4 inducers could lead to a decrease in fentanyl plasma concentrations, lack of efficacy or, possibly, development of a withdrawal syndrome in a patient who has developed physical dependence to fentanyl. After stopping a CYP3A4 inducer, as the effects of the inducer decline, the fentanyl plasma concentration will increase which could increase or prolong both the therapeutic and adverse effects.

            • fentanyl transdermal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fentanyl transdermal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of fentanyl with CYP3A4 inducers could lead to a decrease in fentanyl plasma concentrations, lack of efficacy or, possibly, development of a withdrawal syndrome in a patient who has developed physical dependence to fentanyl. After stopping a CYP3A4 inducer, as the effects of the inducer decline, the fentanyl plasma concentration will increase which could increase or prolong both the therapeutic and adverse effects.

            • fentanyl transmucosal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fentanyl transmucosal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration of fentanyl with CYP3A4 inducers could lead to a decrease in fentanyl plasma concentrations, lack of efficacy or, possibly, development of a withdrawal syndrome in a patient who has developed physical dependence to fentanyl. After stopping a CYP3A4 inducer, as the effects of the inducer decline, the fentanyl plasma concentration will increase which could increase or prolong both the therapeutic and adverse effects.

            • fesoterodine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fesoterodine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fingolimod

              dexamethasone increases effects of fingolimod by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects. .

            • flibanserin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong CYP3A4 inducers substantially decrease flibanserin systemic exposure.

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fludrocortisone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fludrocortisone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • flurbiprofen

              flurbiprofen, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • fondaparinux

              dexamethasone, fondaparinux. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • fosamprenavir

              fosamprenavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fosamprenavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fosaprepitant

              fosaprepitant will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of fosaprepitant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fosphenytoin

              fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • fostamatinib

              fostamatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of fostamatinib may increase concentrations of P-gp substrates. Monitor for toxicities of the P-gp substrate drug that may require dosage reduction when given concurrently with fostamatinib.

            • gefitinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of gefitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase gefitinib to 500 mg daily if coadministered with a strong CYP3A4 inducer. Resume gefitinib dose at 250 mg/day 7 days after discontinuing the strong inducer.

            • gemifloxacin

              dexamethasone and gemifloxacin both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of quinolone antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase risk of tendon rupture.

            • gentamicin

              gentamicin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • glecaprevir/pibrentasvir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of drugs that induce CYP3A4 with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir may decrease glecaprevir/pibrentasvir plasma concentrations. Potential for loss of therapeutic effect.

              glecaprevir/pibrentasvir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • glycerol phenylbutyrate

              dexamethasone decreases effects of glycerol phenylbutyrate by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may cause the breakdown of body protein and increase plasma ammonia levels; monitor ammonia levels closely when glycerol phenylbutyrate is coadministered with corticosteroids.

            • grapefruit

              grapefruit will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • griseofulvin

              griseofulvin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • guanfacine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of guanfacine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers significantly reduce guanfacine plasma concentrations and elimination half-life. If coadministered, more frequent dosing of the IR product may be required to achieve or maintain the desired hypotensive response. For patients with ADHD, FDA-approved labeling for ER guanfacine recommends that, if coadministered, doubling the recommended dose of guanfacine should be considered.

            • haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid vaccination during chemotherapy or radiation therapy if possible because antibody response might be suboptimal. Patients vaccinated within a 14-day period before starting or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated =3 months after therapy is discontinued if immune competence has been restored.

            • hemin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of hemin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that increase delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may decrease hemin effect.

            • heparin

              dexamethasone, heparin. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • hydrocodone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of hydrocodone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Caution when discontinuing CYP3A4 inducers that are coadministered with hydrocodone; plasma concentrations of hydrocodone may increase and can result in potentially fatal respiratory depression

            • hydrocortisone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of hydrocortisone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • hydroxyprogesterone caproate (DSC)

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of hydroxyprogesterone caproate (DSC) by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ibuprofen

              ibuprofen, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • ibuprofen IV

              ibuprofen IV, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • ifosfamide

              ifosfamide, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • iloperidone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of iloperidone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              iloperidone increases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.

            • indacaterol, inhaled

              dexamethasone, indacaterol, inhaled. serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination may increase risk of hypokalemia.

            • indinavir

              indinavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              indinavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              indinavir will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • indomethacin

              indomethacin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • ioversol

              ioversol and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • influenza A (H5N1) vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza A (H5N1) vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids used in greater than physiologic doses may reduce immune response to H5N1 vaccine.

            • influenza virus vaccine (H5N1), adjuvanted

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine (H5N1), adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids used in greater than physiologic doses may reduce immune response to H5N1 vaccine.

            • influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, recombinant

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, recombinant by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Immune response to vaccine may be decreased in immunocompromised individuals.

            • influenza virus vaccine trivalent, recombinant

              dexamethasone decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent, recombinant by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Immune response to vaccine may be decreased in immunocompromised individuals.

            • insulin degludec

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin degludec by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Endogneous cortisol is a regulatory hormone that increases blood glucose levels; exogenous systemic corticosteroids have been associated with hyperglycemia and may cause diabetes with chronic, high dose use; dose of antidiabetic agents may need adjustment and increased frequency of glucose monitoring may be required.

            • insulin degludec/insulin aspart

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin degludec/insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Endogneous cortisol is a regulatory hormone that increases blood glucose levels; exogenous systemic corticosteroids have been associated with hyperglycemia and may cause diabetes with chronic, high dose use; dose of antidiabetic agents may need adjustment and increased frequency of glucose monitoring may be required.

            • insulin inhaled

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Endogneous cortisol is a regulatory hormone that increases blood glucose levels; exogenous systemic corticosteroids have been associated with hyperglycemia and may cause diabetes with chronic, high dose use; dose of antidiabetic agents may need adjustment and increased frequency of glucose monitoring may be required.

            • irinotecan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of irinotecan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • irinotecan liposomal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of irinotecan liposomal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • isavuconazonium sulfate

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone and isavuconazonium sulfate both decrease immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • isoniazid

              isoniazid will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • istradefylline

              istradefylline will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.

              istradefylline will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of P-gp substrates in clinical trials. Consider dose reduction of sensitive P-gp substrates.

            • itraconazole

              itraconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of itraconazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ivacaftor

              ivacaftor increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Ivacaftor and its M1 metabolite has the potential to inhibit P-gp; may significantly increase systemic exposure to sensitive P-gp substrates with a narrow therapeutic index.

            • ixabepilone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ixabepilone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ketoconazole

              ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ketoprofen

              ketoprofen, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ketorolac

              ketorolac, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • ketorolac intranasal

              ketorolac intranasal, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • lapatinib

              lapatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lapatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              lapatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lenacapavir

              lenacapavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lenacapavir (a CYP3A4 inhibitor) may significantly increase levels of dexamethasone, resulting in an increase risk of toxicities (eg, Cushing syndrome, adrenal suppression). Initiate dexamethasone as the lowest starting dose, monitor, and titrate accordingly.

            • letermovir

              letermovir increases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • levofloxacin

              dexamethasone and levofloxacin both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of quinolone antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase risk of tendon rupture.

            • levoketoconazole

              levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • levonorgestrel intrauterine

              dexamethasone decreases levels of levonorgestrel intrauterine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • levonorgestrel oral

              dexamethasone decreases levels of levonorgestrel oral by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use an alternative method of contraception or a backup method when enzyme inducers are used with combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs), and continue backup contraception for 28 days after discontinuing enzyme inducer to ensure contraceptive reliability.

            • liraglutide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of liraglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Corticosteroids may diminish hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor blood glucose levels carefully. .

            • lomitapide

              lomitapide increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing dose when used concomitantly with lomitapide.

            • lonafarnib

              lonafarnib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lonafarnib is a weak P-gp inhibitor. Monitor for adverse reactions if coadministered with P-gp substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. Reduce P-gp substrate dose if needed.

            • lonapegsomatropin

              lonapegsomatropin decreases effects of dexamethasone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Growth hormone (GH) inhibits microsomal enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, which converts cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol. Patients with untreated GH deficiency may have increases in serum cortisol, and initiation of lonapegsomatropin may result decreased serum cortisol. Patients with hypoadrenalism treated with glucocorticoids may require an increase glucocorticoid stress or maintenance doses following lonapegsomatropin initiation.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of lonapegsomatropin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Glucocorticoid therapy and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate the growth promoting effects of lonapegsomatropin in children. Carefully adjust glucocorticoid replacement dosing in children receiving glucocorticoid treatments to avoid both hypoadrenalism and an inhibitory effect on growth.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of lonapegsomatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH). Microsomal enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-beta-HSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. GH inhibits 11-beta-HSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated GH deficiency have relative increases in 11-beta-HSD-1 and serum cortisol. Initiation of GH analogs may result in inhibition of 11-beta-HSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations.

            • lopinavir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lopinavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              lopinavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • loratadine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of loratadine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              loratadine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              loratadine will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lorlatinib

              lorlatinib will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • magnesium supplement

              magnesium supplement, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Each enhance the neuromuscular blocking effect of the other; may have negative respiratory effects.

            • lornoxicam

              lornoxicam, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • lovastatin

              lovastatin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • lumefantrine

              lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • maraviroc

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of maraviroc by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • marijuana

              marijuana will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • meclofenamate

              meclofenamate, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • medroxyprogesterone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of medroxyprogesterone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Contraceptirve failure possible. Use alternative if available.

            • mefenamic acid

              mefenamic acid, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • meloxicam

              meloxicam, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • meningococcal group B vaccine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of meningococcal group B vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Individuals with altered immunocompetence may have reduced immune responses to the vaccine.

            • mestranol

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of mestranol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of mestranol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • methadone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of methadone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nefazodone

              nefazodone will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • methylprednisolone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of methylprednisolone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • metronidazole

              metronidazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • miconazole vaginal

              miconazole vaginal will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • midazolam

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of midazolam by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • mitotane

              mitotane decreases levels of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.

            • moxifloxacin

              dexamethasone and moxifloxacin both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of quinolone antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase risk of tendon rupture.

            • nabumetone

              nabumetone, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • naproxen

              naproxen, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • nefazodone

              nefazodone will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nelfinavir

              nelfinavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nevirapine

              nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nicardipine

              nicardipine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nicardipine will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nicardipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nifedipine

              nifedipine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nifedipine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nifedipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              nifedipine will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nilotinib

              nilotinib will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nilotinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nilotinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              nilotinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nirmatrelvir

              nirmatrelvir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase certain systemic corticosteroid concentrations. Increased risk for Cushing syndrome and adrenal suppression. Consider alternant corticosteroids, including beclomethasone and prednisolone).

            • oxaliplatin

              oxaliplatin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

              nirmatrelvir/ritonavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase certain systemic corticosteroid concentrations. Increased risk for Cushing syndrome and adrenal suppression. Consider alternant corticosteroids, including beclomethasone and prednisolone).

            • nisoldipine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nisoldipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ocrelizumab

              dexamethasone and ocrelizumab both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of ocrelizumab with high doses of corticosteroids is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression.

            • ofatumumab SC

              ofatumumab SC, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider the risk of additive immune system effects when coadministering immunosuppressive therapies with coadministration. When switching from therapies with immune effects, take into account the duration and mechanism of action of these therapies when initiating ofatumumab SC.

            • ofloxacin

              dexamethasone and ofloxacin both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of quinolone antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase risk of tendon rupture.

            • olodaterol inhaled

              dexamethasone and olodaterol inhaled both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ondansetron

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ondansetron by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. No dosage adjustment for ondansetron is recommended for patients on these drugs.

            • ospemifene

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ospemifene by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • oxaprozin

              oxaprozin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • oxcarbazepine

              oxcarbazepine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • oxycodone

              dexamethasone decreases levels of oxycodone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ozanimod

              ozanimod, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with immunosuppressive therapies may increase the risk of additive immune effects during therapy and in the weeks following administration. When switching from drugs with prolonged immune effects, consider the half-life and mode of action of these drugs in order to avoid unintended additive immunosuppressive effects.

            • paclitaxel

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • paclitaxel protein bound

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of paclitaxel protein bound by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Paclitaxel levels/toxicity may increase when coadministered with CYP2C8 inhibitors

            • pancuronium

              pancuronium, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • parecoxib

              parecoxib, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • pazopanib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of pazopanib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pentobarbital

              pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • peramivir

              tobramycin increases levels of peramivir by decreasing renal clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution when peramivir coadministered with nephrotoxic drugs.

            • phenindione

              dexamethasone, phenindione. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • phenobarbital

              phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • phenytoin

              phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • pimavanserin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of pimavanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid coadministration if possible. Monitor for reduced pimavanserin efficacy. An increase in pimavanserin dosage may be needed.

            • polymyxin B

              polymyxin B and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • piroxicam

              piroxicam, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • poliovirus vaccine inactivated

              dexamethasone decreases effects of poliovirus vaccine inactivated by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Avoid vaccination during chemotherapy or radiation therapy if possible because antibody response might be suboptimal. Patients vaccinated within a 14-day period before starting or during immunosuppressive therapy should be revaccinated =3 months after therapy is discontinued if immune competence has been restored. .

            • pomalidomide

              dexamethasone decreases levels of pomalidomide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of multiple doses of 4 mg pomalidomide with 20 mg to 40 mg dexamethasone (a weak-to-moderate inducer of CYP3A4) to patients with multiple myeloma had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of pomalidomide compared with pomalidomide administered alone. .

            • ponatinib

              ponatinib increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ponesimod

              ponesimod and dexamethasone both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution if coadministered because of additive immunosuppressive effects during such therapy and in the weeks following administration. When switching from drugs with prolonged immune effects, consider the half-life and mode of action of these drugs to avoid unintended additive immunosuppressive effects.

            • posaconazole

              posaconazole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • prabotulinumtoxinA

              tobramycin increases effects of prabotulinumtoxinA by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Aminoglycosides may enhance botulinum toxin effects. Closely monitor for increased neuromuscular blockade.

            • prednisone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of prednisone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • primidone

              primidone will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • protamine

              dexamethasone, protamine. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Corticosteroids may decrease anticoagulant effects by increasing blood coagulability; conversely, they may impair vascular integrity, thus increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.

            • quercetin

              quercetin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              quercetin will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • quetiapine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of quetiapine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rifampin

              rifampin will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • quinidine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of quinidine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • quinupristin/dalfopristin

              quinupristin/dalfopristin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ranolazine

              ranolazine will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • repaglinide

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of repaglinide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ribociclib

              ribociclib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rifampin

              rifampin will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rifapentine

              rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rimabotulinumtoxinB

              tobramycin, rimabotulinumtoxinB. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Aminoglycosides may enhance botulinum toxin effects. Closely monitor for increased neuromuscular blockade.

            • riociguat

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of riociguat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Data not available for dose adjustment

            • ritonavir

              ritonavir will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ritonavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              ritonavir will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ritonavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rivaroxaban

              dexamethasone decreases levels of rivaroxaban by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid concomitant use of rivaroxaban with drugs that are combined P-gp and strong CYP3A4 inducers. Consider increasing the rivaroxaban dose if these drugs must be coadministered.

            • sirolimus

              sirolimus will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • rocuronium

              rocuronium, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • rucaparib

              rucaparib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP3A4 substrates, if clinically indicated.

            • rufinamide

              rufinamide will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • salicylates (non-asa)

              salicylates (non-asa), dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • salsalate

              salsalate, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • saquinavir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of saquinavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sarecycline

              sarecycline will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for toxicities of P-gp substrates that may require dosage reduction when coadministered with P-gp inhibitors.

            • secobarbital

              secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • selexipag

              dexamethasone will increase the level or effect of selexipag by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Reduce selexipag dose to once daily if coadministered with moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors.

            • sildenafil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sildenafil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • simvastatin

              simvastatin will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sipuleucel-T

              dexamethasone decreases effects of sipuleucel-T by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • sirolimus

              sirolimus will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid

              dexamethasone, sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: May be associated with fluid and electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia.

              tobramycin decreases effects of sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid by altering metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with antibiotics decreases efficacy by altering colonic bacterial flora needed to convert sodium picosulfate to active drug.

            • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride

              sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of dexamethasone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

              sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of tobramycin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

            • sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol

              dexamethasone and sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • St John's Wort

              St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

              sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of tobramycin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

            • sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate

              sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate increases toxicity of dexamethasone by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration with medications that cause fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may increase the risk of adverse events of seizure, arrhythmias, and renal impairment.

            • solifenacin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of solifenacin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • somapacitan

              somapacitan decreases effects of dexamethasone by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Comment: Microsomal enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-beta-HSD-1) required for cortisone conversion to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. GH inhibits 11-beta-HSD-1. Patients treated with glucocorticoid for hypoadrenalism may require increased maintenance or stress doses after initiating somapacitan.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of somapacitan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH). Microsomal enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-beta-HSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. GH inhibits 11-beta-HSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated GH deficiency have relative increases in 11-beta-HSD-1 and serum cortisol. Initiation of GH analogs may result in inhibition of 11-beta-HSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations.

            • somatrem

              dexamethasone decreases effects of somatrem by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • somatrogon

              dexamethasone decreases effects of somatrogon by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH). Microsomal enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-beta-HSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. GH inhibits 11-beta-HSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated GH deficiency have relative increases in 11-beta-HSD-1 and serum cortisol. Initiation of GH analogs may result in inhibition of 11-beta-HSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations.

            • somatropin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of somatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH). Microsomal enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-beta-HSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. GH inhibits 11-beta-HSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated GH deficiency have relative increases in 11-beta-HSD-1 and serum cortisol. Initiation of GH analogs may result in inhibition of 11-beta-HSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations.

            • sorafenib

              dexamethasone decreases levels of sorafenib by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • St John's Wort

              St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • stiripentol

              stiripentol, dexamethasone. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.

              stiripentol will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing the dose of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, if adverse reactions are experienced when administered concomitantly with stiripentol.

            • streptozocin

              streptozocin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • succinylcholine

              succinylcholine, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • sulfasalazine

              sulfasalazine, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • sulindac

              sulindac, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • sunitinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sunitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • suvorexant

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of suvorexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Strong CYP3A4 inducers may decrease suvorexant efficacy; if increased suvorexant dose required, do not exceed 20 mg/day

            • tacrolimus

              tacrolimus will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tacrolimus and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

              tacrolimus will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tacrolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tadalafil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tadalafil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid combination in pulmonary HTN patients. For patients with ED, monitor response to tadalafil carefully because of potential for decreased effectiveness.

            • teicoplanin

              teicoplanin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

            • tamoxifen

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tamoxifen by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tasimelteon

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tasimelteon by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid coadministration of tasimelteon with strong CYP3A4 inducers

            • tazemetostat

              tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tecovirimat

              tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.

            • temsirolimus

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of temsirolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tenofovir DF

              tenofovir DF and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tobramycin increases levels of tenofovir DF by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • theophylline

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of theophylline by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • ticagrelor

              dexamethasone decreases levels of ticagrelor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Avoid use of ticagrelor with potent CYP3A inducers.

            • tinidazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tipranavir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tipranavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tofacitinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tofacitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Loss of, or decreased response to tofacitinib may occur when coadministered with potent CYP3A4 inducers

            • tolfenamic acid

              tolfenamic acid, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • tolmetin

              tolmetin, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased risk of GI ulceration.

            • tolterodine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tolterodine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • tolvaptan

              tolvaptan will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              tolvaptan will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • topiramate

              topiramate will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • trazodone

              trazodone will decrease the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • toremifene

              dexamethasone decreases levels of toremifene by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inducers increase rate of toremifene metabolism, lowering the steady-state concentration in serum.

            • tramadol

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of tramadol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Decreased AUC of tramadol and the active metabolite (O-desmethyltramadol) when coadministered with strong CYP3A4 and CYP2B6 inducers

            • trastuzumab

              trastuzumab, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .

            • trastuzumab deruxtecan

              trastuzumab deruxtecan, dexamethasone. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .

            • trazodone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of trazodone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              trazodone will decrease the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • triazolam

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of triazolam by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • trimagnesium citrate anhydrous

              tobramycin, trimagnesium citrate anhydrous. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of aminoglycosides with magnesium may increase risk of neuromuscular weakness and paralysis.

            • tucatinib

              tucatinib will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider reducing the dosage of P-gp substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities.

            • ublituximab

              ublituximab and dexamethasone both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Owing to potential additive immunosuppressive effects, consider duration of effect and mechanism of action of these therapies if coadministered

            • ubrogepant

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ubrogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Dose adjustment is recommended with concomitant use of ubrogepant and moderate and weak CYP3A4 inducers. (see Dosage Modifications)

            • vardenafil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of vardenafil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • vecuronium

              vecuronium, dexamethasone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blockers may increase risk of developing acute myopathy.

            • vemurafenib

              vemurafenib increases levels of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • verapamil

              verapamil will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              verapamil will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

              verapamil will increase the level or effect of tobramycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of verapamil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

            • vilazodone

              dexamethasone decreases levels of vilazodone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider increasing vilazodone dose up to 2-fold (not to exceed 80 mg/day) when coadministered with strong CYP3A4 inducers for >14 days.

            • voclosporin

              voclosporin, tobramycin. Either increases toxicity of the other by nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration with drugs associated with nephrotoxicity may increase the risk for acute and/or chronic nephrotoxicity.

            Minor (179)

            • acarbose

              dexamethasone decreases effects of acarbose by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • aceclofenac

              aceclofenac increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • acemetacin

              acemetacin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • acetazolamide

              acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • adefovir

              adefovir and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • albendazole

              dexamethasone increases levels of albendazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • alfentanil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of alfentanil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • alfuzosin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of alfuzosin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • alosetron

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of alosetron by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ambrisentan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ambrisentan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • amitriptyline

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of amitriptyline by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • amlodipine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of amlodipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • amphotericin B deoxycholate

              amphotericin B deoxycholate, dexamethasone. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Potential for hypokalemia.

            • anastrozole

              anastrozole will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • armodafinil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of armodafinil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • aspirin

              aspirin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              dexamethasone decreases levels of aspirin by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • aspirin rectal

              dexamethasone decreases levels of aspirin rectal by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              aspirin rectal increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

              dexamethasone decreases levels of aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • atazanavir

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of atazanavir by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • aztreonam

              aztreonam, tobramycin. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Combination may be used synergistically against Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae.

            • balsalazide

              dexamethasone decreases levels of balsalazide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of balsalazide by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • bendroflumethiazide

              dexamethasone, bendroflumethiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • biotin

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of biotin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • bosentan

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of bosentan by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • bumetanide

              dexamethasone, bumetanide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • calcium acetate

              tobramycin decreases levels of calcium acetate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              dexamethasone decreases levels of calcium acetate by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • calcium carbonate

              dexamethasone decreases levels of calcium carbonate by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              tobramycin decreases levels of calcium carbonate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • calcium chloride

              dexamethasone decreases levels of calcium chloride by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              tobramycin decreases levels of calcium chloride by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • calcium citrate

              dexamethasone decreases levels of calcium citrate by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              tobramycin decreases levels of calcium citrate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • calcium gluconate

              dexamethasone decreases levels of calcium gluconate by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              tobramycin decreases levels of calcium gluconate by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • caspofungin

              dexamethasone decreases levels of caspofungin by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • celecoxib

              celecoxib increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • cevimeline

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of cevimeline by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • chlorothiazide

              dexamethasone, chlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • chlorpropamide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of chlorpropamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • chlorthalidone

              dexamethasone, chlorthalidone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • choline magnesium trisalicylate

              dexamethasone decreases levels of choline magnesium trisalicylate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              choline magnesium trisalicylate increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • chromium

              dexamethasone decreases levels of chromium by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • clotrimazole

              clotrimazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • clarithromycin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of clarithromycin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • clomipramine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of clomipramine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • colestipol

              colestipol decreases levels of dexamethasone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • cordyceps

              cordyceps decreases toxicity of tobramycin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • cyanocobalamin

              tobramycin decreases levels of cyanocobalamin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • cyclopenthiazide

              dexamethasone, cyclopenthiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • cyclophosphamide

              cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of dexamethasone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • danazol

              danazol, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • dapsone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dapsone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • diclofenac

              diclofenac increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • diflunisal

              diflunisal increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              dexamethasone decreases levels of diflunisal by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • disopyramide

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of disopyramide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • entecavir

              tobramycin, entecavir. Either increases effects of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase serum concentrations of either entecavir or the coadministered drug.

            • docetaxel

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of docetaxel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • donepezil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of donepezil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • dutasteride

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of dutasteride by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • efavirenz

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of efavirenz by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • eplerenone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of eplerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • esomeprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of esomeprazole by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ethacrynic acid

              dexamethasone, ethacrynic acid. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • etodolac

              etodolac increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • eucalyptus

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of eucalyptus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • fenoprofen

              fenoprofen increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • feverfew

              dexamethasone decreases effects of feverfew by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • finasteride

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of finasteride by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • fluconazole

              fluconazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • fluoxymesterone

              fluoxymesterone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • flurbiprofen

              flurbiprofen increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • foscarnet

              foscarnet and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • furosemide

              dexamethasone, furosemide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • galantamine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of galantamine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • glimepiride

              dexamethasone decreases effects of glimepiride by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • glipizide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of glipizide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • glyburide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of glyburide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • hydrochlorothiazide

              dexamethasone, hydrochlorothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • ibuprofen

              ibuprofen increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • ibuprofen IV

              ibuprofen IV increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • imatinib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of imatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • imipramine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of imipramine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • indapamide

              dexamethasone, indapamide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • indomethacin

              indomethacin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • insulin aspart

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin detemir

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin detemir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin glargine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin glargine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin glulisine

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin glulisine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin lispro

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin lispro by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin NPH

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin NPH by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • insulin regular human

              dexamethasone decreases effects of insulin regular human by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • isoniazid

              dexamethasone decreases effects of isoniazid by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • isradipine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of isradipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ketoconazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ketoconazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              ketoconazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ketoprofen

              ketoprofen increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • lansoprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of lansoprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ketorolac

              ketorolac increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • ketorolac intranasal

              ketorolac intranasal increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • levoketoconazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of levoketoconazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              levoketoconazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • lornoxicam

              lornoxicam increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • mesalamine

              dexamethasone decreases levels of mesalamine by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • magnesium chloride

              tobramycin decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • magnesium citrate

              tobramycin decreases levels of magnesium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • magnesium hydroxide

              tobramycin decreases levels of magnesium hydroxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • magnesium oxide

              tobramycin decreases levels of magnesium oxide by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • magnesium sulfate

              tobramycin decreases levels of magnesium sulfate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • meclizine

              meclizine, tobramycin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Ototoxicity of aminoglycoside may be masked.

            • meclofenamate

              meclofenamate increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • mefenamic acid

              mefenamic acid increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • meloxicam

              meloxicam increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • mesterolone

              mesterolone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • metformin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • methoxyflurane

              methoxyflurane and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • methyclothiazide

              dexamethasone, methyclothiazide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • methyltestosterone

              methyltestosterone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • metolazone

              dexamethasone, metolazone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • metyrapone

              dexamethasone decreases effects of metyrapone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • miconazole vaginal

              miconazole vaginal decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • miglitol

              dexamethasone decreases effects of miglitol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • montelukast

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of montelukast by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • nabumetone

              nabumetone increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • naproxen

              naproxen increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • nateglinide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of nateglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • nimodipine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nimodipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • nitrendipine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of nitrendipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • omeprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of omeprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • oxandrolone

              oxandrolone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • oxaprozin

              oxaprozin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • oxybutynin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of oxybutynin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • oxymetholone

              oxymetholone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • paclitaxel

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of paclitaxel by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • paclitaxel protein bound

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of paclitaxel protein bound by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pantoprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of pantoprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pantothenic acid

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of pantothenic acid by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • parecoxib

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of parecoxib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              parecoxib increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • paromomycin

              paromomycin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pimozide

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of pimozide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pentamidine

              pentamidine and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pioglitazone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of pioglitazone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of pioglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • piperacillin

              piperacillin increases effects of tobramycin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • piroxicam

              piroxicam increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • porfimer

              dexamethasone decreases levels of porfimer by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • posaconazole

              posaconazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • propafenone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of propafenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pyridoxine

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • pyridoxine (Antidote)

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine (Antidote) by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • quinine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of quinine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • rabeprazole

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of rabeprazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ramelteon

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ramelteon by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • repaglinide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of repaglinide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • rosiglitazone

              dexamethasone decreases effects of rosiglitazone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • salicylates (non-asa)

              dexamethasone decreases levels of salicylates (non-asa) by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              salicylates (non-asa) increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • salsalate

              salsalate increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              dexamethasone decreases levels of salsalate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • sargramostim

              dexamethasone increases effects of sargramostim by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • streptomycin

              streptomycin and tobramycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • saxagliptin

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of saxagliptin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

              dexamethasone decreases effects of saxagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • sitagliptin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of sitagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • sufentanil

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of sufentanil by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • sulfasalazine

              sulfasalazine increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

              dexamethasone decreases levels of sulfasalazine by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • sulindac

              sulindac increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • tacrolimus

              dexamethasone, tacrolimus. Either increases levels of the other by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • testosterone

              testosterone, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • testosterone buccal system

              testosterone buccal system, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • testosterone topical

              testosterone topical, dexamethasone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. May enhance edema formation.

            • thiamine

              tobramycin will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ticarcillin

              ticarcillin decreases effects of tobramycin by altering metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased risk in renal impairment.

            • tolazamide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of tolazamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • tolbutamide

              dexamethasone decreases effects of tolbutamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • tolfenamic acid

              tolfenamic acid increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • tolmetin

              tolmetin increases levels of tobramycin by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Interaction mainly occurs in preterm infants.

            • torsemide

              dexamethasone, torsemide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypokalemia, especially with strong glucocorticoid activity.

            • vancomycin

              tobramycin and vancomycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • vildagliptin

              dexamethasone decreases effects of vildagliptin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • vinblastine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of vinblastine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • vincristine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of vincristine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • vincristine liposomal

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of vincristine liposomal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • vinorelbine

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of vinorelbine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • voriconazole

              voriconazole decreases levels of tobramycin by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • willow bark

              dexamethasone decreases levels of willow bark by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • zaleplon

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of zaleplon by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • ziprasidone

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ziprasidone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

            • zoledronic acid

              tobramycin, zoledronic acid. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypocalcemia.

            • zolpidem

              dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of zolpidem by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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            Adverse Effects

            Frequency Not Defined

            Ocular lid itching and swelling

            Conjunctival erythema

            Elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) with possible development of glaucoma

            Infrequent optic nerve damage

            Cataract formation

            Posterior subcapsular cataract formation

            Delayed wound healing

            Secondary infections

            Keratitis

            Postmarketing Reports

            Anaphylactic reaction

            Erythema multiforme

            Dexamethasone: Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal suppression (after use of dexamethasone in excess of listed dosing instructions in predisposed patients, including children and patients treated with CYP3A4 inhibitors)

            Aminoglycosides: Adverse reactions reported with systemic aminoglycosides include neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, and nephrotoxicity have occurred in patients receiving systemic aminoglycoside therapy; aminoglycosides may also aggravate muscle weakness in patients with known or suspected neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis or Parkinson disease, because of their potential effect on neuromuscular function

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            Warnings

            Contraindications

            Epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and many other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva

            Mycobacterial infection of the eye

            Fungal diseases of ocular structures

            Hypersensitivity to a component of the medication

            Cautions

            Vision may be temporarily blurred following dosing with this medication exercise care when operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle

            Do not touch dropper tip of bottle to any surface, as this may contaminate the contents

            The drug contains benzalkonium chloride, an antimicrobial preservative, soft contact lenses may absorb; contact lenses should not be worn during the use of this drug

            Sensitivity to topically administered aminoglycosides may occur; severity may vary from local effects to generalized reactions; discontinue use if sensitivity reactions occur

            Bacterial keratitis reported from inadvertent contamination of multiple-dose ophthalmic solution

            Immunosuppression resulting from prolonged use of steroid use may result in secondary bacterial and fungal infections; steroids may also mask symptoms of infections and enhance existing ocular infections

            Ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma reported with prolonged corticosteroid use

            Discontinue use if sensitivity reaction to tobramycin develops

            Corticosteroid use following cataract surgery may delay healing

            Not for injection into eye

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            Pregnancy & Lactation

            Pregnancy

            There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women; however, prolonged or repeated corticoid use during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of intra-uterine growth retardation; treatment should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to fetus; infants born of mothers who have received substantial doses of corticosteroids during pregnancy should be observed carefully for signs of hypoadrenalism

            Animal data

            • Corticosteroids found to be teratogenic in animal studies; ocular administration of 0.1% dexamethasone resulted in 15.6% and 32.3% incidence of fetal anomalies in two groups of pregnant rabbits; fetal growth retardation and increased mortality rates observed in rats with chronic dexamethasone therapy; reproduction studies have been performed in rats and rabbits with tobramycin at doses up to 100 mg/kg/day parenterally and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus

            Lactation

            Systemically administered corticosteroids appear in human milk and could suppress growth, interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production, or cause other untoward effects; not known whether topical administration of corticosteroids could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in human milk; because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when therapy is administered to a nursing woman

            Pregnancy Categories

            A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

            B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

            C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

            D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

            X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

            NA: Information not available.

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            Pharmacology

            Mechanism of Action

            Dexamethasone prevents/reduces irritation & swelling by suppressing normal immune response, decreasing inflammatory mediators and reverses capillary permeability

            Tobramycin: Alters bacterial cell membrane integrity by binding to 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits, which in turn interferes with bacterial protein synthesis

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            Images

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            Patient Handout

            A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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            Formulary

            FormularyPatient Discounts

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            Tier Description
            1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
            2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
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            5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
            6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
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            Code Definition
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            Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.