Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule
- 50mg
injectable solution
- 20mg/mL
powder for injection
- 100mg
Testicular Cancer
50-100 mg/m²/day IV on days 1-5, OR
100 mg/m²/day IV on days 1, 3, 5
Repeat q3-4week
Small-Cell Lung Cancer
35 mg/m²/day IV for 4 days, OR
50 mg/m²/day IV for 5 days; repeat q3-4week
Monitor
CBC, Hgb, LFTs, renal function
Administration
Equivalent IV doses for etoposide & etoposide phosphate
PO: 2 times IV dose, rounded to nearest 50 mg
Renal Impairment
CrCl >50 mL/min: Dose adjustment not necessary
CrCl 15-50 mL/min: 75% of regular dose
CrCl < 15 mL/min: Not studied; consider further dose reductions
Hepatic Impairment
Not studied
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (18)
- abametapir
abametapir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. For 2 weeks after abametapir application, avoid taking drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates. If not feasible, avoid use of abametapir.
- adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral
etoposide decreases effects of adenovirus types 4 and 7 live, oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy.
- apalutamide
apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.
- enzalutamide
enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- erdafitinib
erdafitinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration unavoidable, separate administration by at least 6 hr before or after administration of P-gp substrates with narrow therapeutic index.
- fexinidazole
fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
- idelalisib
idelalisib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates
- influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted
etoposide decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive drugs may reduce the immune response to influenza vaccine.
- influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted
etoposide decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine trivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Immunosuppressive drugs may reduce the immune response to influenza vaccine.
- ivosidenib
ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.
- lonafarnib
etoposide will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.
- nefazodone
nefazodone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- palifermin
palifermin increases toxicity of etoposide by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Palifermin should not be administered within 24 hrbefore, during infusion of, or within 24 hr after administration of antineoplastic agents. Coadministration of palifermin within 24 hr of chemotherapy resulted in increased severity and duration of oral mucositis.
- ropeginterferon alfa 2b
ropeginterferon alfa 2b, etoposide. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Myelosuppressive agents can produce additive myelosuppression. Avoid use and monitor patients receiving the combination for effects of excessive myelosuppression.
- sotorasib
sotorasib will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If use is unavoidable, refer to the prescribing information of the P-gp substrate for dosage modifications.
- tepotinib
tepotinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If concomitant use unavoidable, reduce the P-gp substrate dosage if recommended in its approved product labeling.
- tucatinib
tucatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.
- voxelotor
voxelotor will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Voxelotor increases systemic exposure of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic index. Consider dose reduction of the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate(s) if unable to avoid.
Monitor Closely (115)
- acalabrutinib
acalabrutinib, etoposide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration may increase risk of myelosuppressive effects.
- amiodarone
amiodarone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- amobarbital
amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- apalutamide
apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. Apalutamide induces UGT and may decrease systemic exposure of drugs that are UGT substrates.
- aprepitant
aprepitant will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atazanavir
atazanavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atogepant
etoposide will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- atorvastatin
atorvastatin will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- avapritinib
etoposide will increase the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- axitinib
etoposide increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- belatacept
belatacept and etoposide both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor.
- belzutifan
belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. If unable to avoid coadministration of belzutifan with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates, consider increasing the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate dose in accordance with its prescribing information.
- berotralstat
berotralstat will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor or titrate P-gp substrate dose if coadministered.
- bosentan
bosentan will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- bosutinib
bosutinib increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- butabarbital
butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- carbamazepine
carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cenobamate
cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase dose of CYP3A4 substrate, as needed, when coadministered with cenobamate.
- cimetidine
cimetidine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- clarithromycin
clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - conivaptan
conivaptan will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- crizotinib
crizotinib increases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dose reduction may be needed for coadministered drugs that are predominantly metabolized by CYP3A.
crizotinib increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - crofelemer
crofelemer increases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Crofelemer has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4 at concentrations expected in the gut; unlikely to inhibit systemically because minimally absorbed.
- cyclosporine
cyclosporine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
cyclosporine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - dabrafenib
dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- darunavir
darunavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dasatinib
dasatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- deferasirox
deferasirox will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- denosumab
etoposide, denosumab. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Caution should be taken in patients on concomitant immunosuppressants or with impaired immune systems because of increased risk for serious infections.
- dexamethasone
dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dichlorphenamide
dichlorphenamide, etoposide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Both drugs can cause metabolic acidosis.
- dronedarone
dronedarone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
dronedarone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - efavirenz
efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- elagolix
elagolix will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.
- eliglustat
eliglustat increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor therapeutic drug concentrations, as indicated, or consider reducing the dosage of the P-gp substrate and titrate to clinical effect.
- elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.
- encorafenib
encorafenib, etoposide. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Encorafenib both inhibits and induces CYP3A4 at clinically relevant plasma concentrations. Coadministration of encorafenib with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates may result in increased toxicity or decreased efficacy of these agents.
- erythromycin base
erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - erythromycin ethylsuccinate
erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - erythromycin lactobionate
erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - erythromycin stearate
erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - eslicarbazepine acetate
eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- etravirine
etravirine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fedratinib
fedratinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates as necessary.
- finerenone
etoposide will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.
- fingolimod
etoposide increases effects of fingolimod by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Concomitant therapy is expected to increase the risk of immunosuppression. Use caution when switching patients from long-acting therapies with immune effects. .
- flibanserin
etoposide will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.
- fluconazole
fluconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fosaprepitant
fosaprepitant will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- fostamatinib
fostamatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use of fostamatinib may increase concentrations of P-gp substrates. Monitor for toxicities of the P-gp substrate drug that may require dosage reduction when given concurrently with fostamatinib.
- glecaprevir/pibrentasvir
glecaprevir/pibrentasvir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- hydroxyurea
etoposide, hydroxyurea. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Combination may increase risk of myelosuppression.
- iloperidone
iloperidone increases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.
- indinavir
indinavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
indinavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - isavuconazonium sulfate
etoposide will increase the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- isoniazid
isoniazid will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- istradefylline
istradefylline will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.
- itraconazole
itraconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ivacaftor
ivacaftor increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Ivacaftor and its M1 metabolite has the potential to inhibit P-gp; may significantly increase systemic exposure to sensitive P-gp substrates with a narrow therapeutic index.
- ketoconazole
ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - lapatinib
lapatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
lapatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - lemborexant
etoposide will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.
- lenacapavir
lenacapavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lencapavir (a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor) may increase CYP3A4 substrates initiated within 9 months after last SC dose of lenacapavir, which may increase potential risk of adverse reactions of CYP3A4 substrates.
- letermovir
letermovir increases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- levoketoconazole
levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - lomitapide
etoposide increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.
lomitapide increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing dose when used concomitantly with lomitapide. - lonafarnib
lonafarnib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lonafarnib is a weak P-gp inhibitor. Monitor for adverse reactions if coadministered with P-gp substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. Reduce P-gp substrate dose if needed.
- lopinavir
lopinavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- lorlatinib
lorlatinib will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- meningococcal group B vaccine
etoposide decreases effects of meningococcal group B vaccine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Individuals with altered immunocompetence may have reduced immune responses to the vaccine.
- midazolam intranasal
etoposide will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.
- mifepristone
mifepristone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- mitotane
mitotane decreases levels of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.
- nafcillin
nafcillin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nefazodone
nefazodone will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nelfinavir
nelfinavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nevirapine
nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nicardipine
nicardipine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- nilotinib
nilotinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
nilotinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - ofatumumab SC
ofatumumab SC, etoposide. Either increases effects of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider the risk of additive immune system effects when coadministering immunosuppressive therapies with coadministration. When switching from therapies with immune effects, take into account the duration and mechanism of action of these therapies when initiating ofatumumab SC.
- olaparib
etoposide and olaparib both increase pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with other other myelosuppressive anticancer agents, including DNA damaging agents, may potentiate and prolongate the myelosuppressive toxicity.
- oxcarbazepine
oxcarbazepine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- pentobarbital
pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- phenobarbital
phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- phenytoin
phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ponatinib
ponatinib increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- posaconazole
posaconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- primidone
primidone will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- quinidine
quinidine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ranolazine
ranolazine will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ribociclib
ribociclib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rifabutin
rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rifampin
rifampin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
rifampin will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - rifapentine
rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ritonavir
ritonavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
ritonavir will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - rucaparib
rucaparib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP3A4 substrates, if clinically indicated.
- secobarbital
secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- siponimod
siponimod and etoposide both increase immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Caution if coadministered because of additive immunosuppressive effects during such therapy and in the weeks following administration. When switching from drugs with prolonged immune effects, consider the half-life and mode of action of these drugs to avoid unintended additive immunosuppressive effects.
- sipuleucel-T
etoposide decreases effects of sipuleucel-T by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- St John's Wort
St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. - stiripentol
stiripentol, etoposide. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.
- tacrolimus
tacrolimus will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tazemetostat
tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
etoposide will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. - tecovirimat
tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.
- tinidazole
etoposide will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- trastuzumab
trastuzumab, etoposide. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .
- trastuzumab deruxtecan
trastuzumab deruxtecan, etoposide. Either increases toxicity of the other by immunosuppressive effects; risk of infection. Use Caution/Monitor. Neutropenia or febrile neutropenia incidence were increased when trastuzumab was coadministered with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. .
- trazodone
trazodone will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tucatinib
tucatinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Consider reducing the dosage of P-gp substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities.
- vemurafenib
vemurafenib increases levels of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- verapamil
verapamil will increase the level or effect of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.
- voriconazole
voriconazole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- warfarin
etoposide increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
Minor (9)
- acetazolamide
acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- anastrozole
anastrozole will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- artemether/lumefantrine
artemether/lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- grapefruit
grapefruit will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- hydrocortisone
hydrocortisone will decrease the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- larotrectinib
larotrectinib will increase the level or effect of etoposide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ruxolitinib
etoposide will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ruxolitinib topical
etoposide will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Leukopenia (60-91%)
Nausea and Vomiting (30-40%)
Thrombocytopenia (28-41%)
Alopecia (20-90%)
Anorexia (13%)
Diarrhea (13%)
Leukopenia (60-91%)
Anemia (≤33%)
1-10%
Pancytopenia (7%)
Stomatitis (6%)
Hepatic toxicity (3%)
Type 1 hypersensitivity (2%)
Orthostatic hypotension (1-2%)
Peripheral neuropathy (1-2%)
Frequency Not Defined
Malaise
Shivering
Asthenia
Fever
Mucous membrane inflammation
Hyperuricemia
Local soft tissue toxicity has been reported following extravasation; see section on IV information for extravasation management
Postmarketing Reports
Extravasation
Acute renal failure
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to etoposide or teniposide
Cautions
Therapy causes myelosuppression that results in thrombocytopenia and neutropenia; fatalinfections and bleeding have occurred; obtain complete blood counts prior to each cycle and more frequently as clinically indicated; withhold further treatment if platelet <50,000/mm³ or ANC <500/mm³
Use caution in hepatic impairment
Do NOT inject rapidly (may cause hypotension); infuse over at least 30-60 min
Injection site reactions may occur during administration; monitor closely
Avoid pregnancy
May result in oligospermia, azoospermia, and permanent loss of fertility; sperm counts have been reported to return to normal levels in some men, and in some cases has occurred several years after end of therapy; may damage spermatozoa and testicular tissue, resulting in possible genetic fetal abnormalities; males with female sexual partners of reproductive potential should use condoms during therapy and for at least 4 months after final dose
May cause infertility in females of reproductive potential and result in amenorrhea; premature menopause can occur; recovery of menses and ovulation is related to age at treatment; advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment for at least 6 months after final dose
Occurrence of acute leukemia with or without a preleukemic phase reported in rare instances in patients treated with etoposide alone or in association with other neoplastic agents; risk of development of preleukemic or leukemic syndrome unclear
Prescriber must consider benefits versus risk of therapy; if severe reactions occur, dose should be reduced or discontinued and appropriate corrective measures taken; reinstitution of therapy should be carried out with caution, and with adequate consideration of further need for drug and alertness as to possible recurrence of toxicity
Patients with low serum albumin may be at increased risk for etoposide associated toxicities
Anaphylactic reaction manifested by chills, fever, tachycardia, bronchospasm, dyspnea, and hypotension reported; higher rates of anaphylactic-like reactions reported in children who received infusions of etoposide at concentrations higher than those recommended; the role that concentration of infusion (or rate of infusion) plays in development of anaphylactic-like reactions is uncertain; treatment is symptomatic; infusion should be terminated immediately, followed by administration of pressor agents, corticosteroids, antihistamines, or volume expanders at the discretion of the physician
Reversible cases of acute renal failure reported with administration of high dose (2220 mg/m²) with total body irradiation used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; the formulation contains dextran 40, which has been associated with acute renal failure when administered in high doses
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
Based on animal data and its mechanism of action, etoposide can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman; etoposide, the active moiety of etoposide phosphate is teratogenic in mice and rats advise pregnant women of potential hazard to a fetus; advise women of childbearing potential to avoid becoming pregnant
Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 6 months after final dose In females of reproductive potential, may cause infertility and result in amenorrhea; premature menopause can occur; recovery of menses and ovulation is related to age at treatment
Lactation
There is no information regarding presence of etoposide in human milk or its effects on breastfed infant milk production; because of potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with etoposide
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Appears to inhibit or alter DNA replication, induces G2-phase arrest & preferentially kills cells in G2 & late S phases
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability: 25-75%
Protein bound: 94-98%
Vd: 7-17 L/m²
Metabolism: Liver
Half-Life: 4-11 hr
Peak plasma time: 1 hr
Peak plasma concentration: 4.7 mcg/mL
Clearance: 13.4 mL/min
Excretion: Urine (35%)
Administration
IV Incompatibilities
Etoposide
- Y-site: cefepime, filgrastim, idarubicin
Etoposide PO4
- Y-site: amphotericin B, cefepime, chlorpromazine, imipenem-cilastatin, methylprednisolone, mitomycin, prochlorperazine
IV Compatibilities
Etoposide
- Additive: carboplatin, cisplatin, cisplatin/cyclophosphamide, cytarabine/daunorubicin, doxorubicin/vincristine (may lose some compatibility at high concentration of all 3 drugs), floxuridine, fluorouracil, hydroxyzine, ifosfamide, mitoxantrone, ondansetron
- Y-site: allopurinol, amifostine, aztreonam, cladribine, doxorubicin liposomal, fludarabine, melphalan, methotrexate, mitoxantrone, ondansetron, paclitaxel, piperacillin-tazobactam, sargramostim, NaHCO3, teniposide, thiotepa, topotecan, vinorelbine
Etoposide PO4
- Additive: doxorubicin/vincristine
- Y-site (partial list): acyclovir, amikacin, ampicillin, ampicilin-sulbactam, most cephalosporins (except cefepime), cisplatin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, diphenhydramine, dobutamine, dopamine, doxorubicin, droperidol, fluconazole, fluorouracil, furosemide, heparin, idarubicin, linezolid, MgSO4, methotrexate, metoclopramide, mitoxantrone, morphine, ondansetron, paclitaxel, KCl, NaHCO3, vancomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, zidovudine
IV Preparation
VePesid, Toposar & equivalents
- Concs >0.4 mg/mL are very unstable
- Lower dose regimens (<1 g/dose): doses may be diluted in 100-1000 mL of D5W or NS
- High dose regimens (>1 g/dose): draw total dose into an empty Viaflex container and add appropriate amount of diluent for a final concentration of 1 mg/mL
-
High dose, 2-Channel Pump Method
- Instill all of the etoposide dose into one Viaflex container for a concentration of 20 mg/mL
- Infuse this into one channel (any 2-channel infusion pump that does not require a hard plastic cassette)
- Infuse indicated diluent (D5W or NS) at least 20x infusion rate of etoposide to simulate a 1 mg/mL concentration in the line
- Etoposide should be Y-sited into the port most proximal to patient
- Attach 0.22 micron filter to line after Y-site and before entry into patient
Etopophos
- Reconstitute to 10-20 mg/mL with any one of: D5W; NS; SWI; BWI; bacteriostatic NS
- May be further diluted down to 0.1 mg/mL with NS or D5W
IV Administration
VePesid, Toposar & equivalents
- Administer lower doses IVPB over at least 30 min to minimize the risk of hypotensive reactions
- Administer high doses via 2-channel pump method; in-line 0.22 micron filter should be attached to ALL etoposide infusions due to the high potential for precipitation
- Monitor for crystallization
Etopophos
- Infuse over 5-210 min
Extravasation Management
Treatment necessary only if large amount of conc soln extravasates
Terminate injection or infusion immediately and aspirate back as much as possible
Apply warm pack for 15-20 min QID and elevate
May cause phlebitis, urticaria or redness
Storage
Store intact vials at room temp and protected from light
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| etoposide oral - | 50 mg capsule |  | |
| Toposar intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| Toposar intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| Toposar intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  | |
| etoposide intravenous - | 20 mg/mL vial |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
etoposide oral
ETOPOSIDE - ORAL
(e-TOE-poe-side)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Vepesid
WARNING: This medication may cause certain severe blood and bone marrow problems (low red blood cells/white blood cells/platelets). This can affect your body's ability to stop bleeding or fight infection. Tell your doctor right away if you develop unusual tiredness, signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever, chills), or easy bruising/bleeding (such as black stools, bloody vomit).
USES: Etoposide is used to treat certain forms of lung cancer (such as small cell lung cancer). Etoposide works by slowing the growth of cancer cells.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.Do not increase your dose or use this drug more often or for longer than prescribed. Your condition will not improve any faster, and your risk of side effects will increase.Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while using this medication unless your doctor or pharmacist says you may do so safely. Grapefruit can affect the removal of etoposide from your body, which may affect how etoposide works. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.Since this drug can be absorbed through the skin and lungs and may harm an unborn baby, women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant should not handle this medication or breathe the dust from the capsules.
SIDE EFFECTS: See also Warning section.Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or diarrhea may occur. Nausea and vomiting can be severe. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting. Eating several small meals, not eating before treatment, or limiting activity may help lessen some of these effects. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Temporary hair loss may occur. Normal hair growth should return after treatment has ended.Pain or sores in the mouth and throat may occur. Brush your teeth carefully/gently, avoid using mouthwash that contains alcohol, and rinse your mouth often with cool water mixed with baking soda or salt. It may also be best to eat soft, moist foods.People using this medication may have serious side effects. However, you have been prescribed this drug because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Careful monitoring by your doctor may decrease your risk.This medication may lower your ability to fight infections. This may make you more likely to get a serious (rarely fatal) infection or make any infection you have worse. Tell your doctor right away if you have any signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever, chills, cough).Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: numbness/tingling of arms/legs, sudden vision changes, eye pain, stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine, painful/difficult swallowing.Although etoposide may be used to treat certain leukemias, it may rarely cause acute leukemia. Ask your doctor for more details.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing, fast heartbeat, seizures.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking etoposide, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, blood problems (such as low red blood cells/white blood cells/platelets), previous radiation/chemotherapy treatment.Etoposide can make you more likely to get infections or may make current infections worse. Stay away from anyone who has an infection that may easily spread (such as chickenpox, COVID-19, measles, flu). Talk to your doctor if you have been exposed to an infection or for more details.Tell your health care professional that you are using etoposide before having any immunizations/vaccinations. Avoid contact with people who have recently received live vaccines (such as flu vaccine inhaled through the nose).To lower the chance of getting cut, bruised, or injured, use caution with sharp objects like razors and nail cutters, and avoid activities such as contact sports.Daily use of alcohol while using this medicine may increase your risk for stomach bleeding. Limit alcoholic beverages. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.Before having surgery, tell your doctor about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, weakness, mouth/throat sores, loss of appetite, low white blood cells, and dehydration.This medication can affect fertility in both males and females. Ask your doctor for more details.Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using etoposide. Etoposide may harm an unborn baby. Women using this medication should ask about reliable forms of birth control during treatment and for 6 months after the last dose. Men using this medication should ask about reliable forms of birth control during treatment and for 4 months after the last dose. If you or your partner becomes pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication.Since this drug can be absorbed through the skin and lungs and may harm an unborn baby, women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant should not handle this medication or breathe the dust from the capsules.This medication passes into breast milk. Because of the possible risk to the infant, breast-feeding while using etoposide is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also How to Use section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as complete blood cell counts, kidney/liver function) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: It is important to take each dose of etoposide as scheduled. If you miss a dose, ask your doctor or pharmacist right away for a new dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Different brands of this medication have different storage needs. Check the product package for instructions on how to store your brand, or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised May 2023. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
To view formulary information first create a list of plans. Your list will be saved and can be edited at any time.
Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
