Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
ophthalmic solution
- 0.005% (2.5mL) (Xalatan)
ophthalmic solution, preservative-free
- 0.005% in single-dose containers (Iyuzeh)
ophthalmic emulsion
- 0.005% (2.5mL) (Xelpros)
Elevated Intraocular Pressure
Open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension
- 1 gtt in affected eye(s) qDay in evening; not to exceed once daily
Dosing Considerations
Combined use of ≥2 prostaglandins, or prostaglandin analogs not recommended; administration of prostaglandin drug products more than once daily may decrease intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP
Concomitant use with other ophthalmic prostaglandin analogs and topical ophthalmic drug products to lower intraocular pressure may be used; if >1 topical ophthalmic drug being used, administer at least 5 minutes apart
Safety and efficacy not established
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (4)
- bimatoprost
latanoprost, bimatoprost. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Combined use of 2 or more ophthalmic prostaglandins may decrease the IOP lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP.
- latanoprostene bunod ophthalmic
latanoprost, latanoprostene bunod ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Combined use of 2 or more ophthalmic prostaglandins may decrease the IOP lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP.
- tafluprost
latanoprost, tafluprost. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Combined use of 2 or more ophthalmic prostaglandins may decrease the IOP lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP.
- travoprost ophthalmic
latanoprost, travoprost ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Combined use of 2 or more ophthalmic prostaglandins may decrease the IOP lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP.
Monitor Closely (31)
- aspirin
latanoprost, aspirin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- aspirin rectal
latanoprost, aspirin rectal. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- bromfenac ophthalmic
latanoprost, bromfenac ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- celecoxib
latanoprost, celecoxib. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- choline magnesium trisalicylate
latanoprost, choline magnesium trisalicylate. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- diclofenac
latanoprost, diclofenac. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- diclofenac ophthalmic
latanoprost, diclofenac ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- diflunisal
latanoprost, diflunisal. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- etodolac
latanoprost, etodolac. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- fenoprofen
latanoprost, fenoprofen. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- flurbiprofen
latanoprost, flurbiprofen. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- flurbiprofen ophthalmic
latanoprost, flurbiprofen ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ibuprofen
latanoprost, ibuprofen. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ibuprofen IV
latanoprost, ibuprofen IV. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ibuprofen/famotidine
latanoprost, ibuprofen/famotidine. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- indomethacin
latanoprost, indomethacin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ketoprofen
latanoprost, ketoprofen. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ketorolac
latanoprost, ketorolac. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ketorolac intranasal
latanoprost, ketorolac intranasal. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- ketorolac ophthalmic
latanoprost, ketorolac ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- meclofenamate
latanoprost, meclofenamate. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- mefenamic acid
latanoprost, mefenamic acid. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- meloxicam
latanoprost, meloxicam. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- nabumetone
latanoprost, nabumetone. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- naproxen
latanoprost, naproxen. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- nepafenac ophthalmic
latanoprost, nepafenac ophthalmic. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- oxaprozin
latanoprost, oxaprozin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- piroxicam
latanoprost, piroxicam. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- salsalate
latanoprost, salsalate. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- sulindac
latanoprost, sulindac. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
- tolmetin
latanoprost, tolmetin. unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. There are conflicting reports from studies of either increased or decreased IOP when ophthalmic prostaglandins are coadministered with NSAIDs (either systemic or ophthalmic).
Minor (0)
Adverse Effects
>10%
Increase in brown pigmentation of the iris (15.5%)
Blurred vision (5-15%)
Burning and stinging (5-15%)
Foreign body sensation (5-15%)
Itching (5-15%)
Punctate epithelial keratopathy (5-15%)
Conjunctival hyperemia (5-15%)
1-10%
Upper respiratory tract infection/cold/flu (4%)
Dry eye (1-4%)
Excessive tearing (1-4%)
Eye pain (1-4%)
Lid crusting (1-4%)
Lid edema (1-4%)
Lid erythema (1-4%)
Lid discomfort/pain (1-4%)
Photophobia (1-4%)
Chest pain/angina pectoris (1-2%)
Muscle/joint/back pain (1-2%)
Rash/allergic skin reactions (1-2%)
<1%
Conjunctivitis
Diplopia
Discharge from the eye
Frequency Not Defined
Dizziness
Headache
Retinal artery embolus
Vitreous hemorrhage from diabetic retinopathy
Postmarketing Reports
Eye disorders: Eyelash and vellus hair changes of eyelid (increased length, thickness, pigmentation, and number of eyelashes); keratitis, corneal edema and erosions, intraocular inflammation (iritis/uveitis), macular edema, including cystoid macular edema, trichiasis; periorbital and lid changes resulting in deepening of the eyelid sulcus; iris cyst; eyelid skin darkening; localized skin reaction on the eyelids; conjunctivitis; pseudopemphigoid of the ocular conjunctiva
Pruritus
Angina; palpitations; angina unstable
Chest pain
Nausea; vomiting
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium chloride, or other components of product
Cautions
Macular edema, including cystoid macular edema, reported; Caution caution with aphakic and pseudophakic patients with a torn posterior lens capsule, or in patients with known risk factors for macular edema
Caution in active intraocular inflammation (eg, iritis/uveitis); generally not for use in patients with active intraocular inflammation; may exacerbate inflammation
Reactivation of herpes simplex keratitis reported; administer with caution in patients with a history of herpetic keratitis; avoid in cases of active herpes simplex keratitis because inflammation may be exacerbated
Take contact lenses out when applying, reinsert at least 15 min later
Bacterial keratitis may result from inadvertent contamination of multidose ophthalmic solutions
Gradual changes in eyelashes and vellus hair (eg, increased length, thickness, pigmentation, number of lashes or hairs, and misdirected growth of eyelashes) may occur; changes are usually reversible upon discontinuation of treatment
May permanently change brown pigmentation of the iris, eyelid skin, and eyelashes; after discontinuation, pigmentation of the iris is likely to be permanent, while pigmentation of periorbital tissue and eyelash changes may be reversible in some patients; inform patients of possibility of increased pigmentation; continue treatment in patients who develop noticeably increased iris pigmentation and examine them regularly
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women
Only use during pregnancy if potential benefits justifies potential risks to the fetus
Animal data
- Reproduction studies performed in rats and rabbits. In rabbits, an incidence of 4 of 16 dams had no viable fetuses at a dose that was ~80 times the maximum human dose, and the highest nonembryocidal dose in rabbits was ~15 times the maximum human dose
Lactation
Not known whether this drug or its metabolites are excreted in human milk; because many drugs are excreted in human milk, exercise caution drug is administered to a nursing woman
Consider developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with mother’s clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on breastfed child from therapy
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Prostaglandin F2-alpha analog; increases outflow of aqueous humor
Absorption
Ocular and systemic absorption
Onset of action: 3-4hr
Peak plasma effect: 8-12hr maximum
Distribution
Vd: 0.16 L/kg
Metabolism
Metabolized in the liver by fatty acid ß-oxidation to 1,2-dinor & 1,2,3,4-tetranor metabolites
Excretion
Urine
Half-Life: 17 min
Clearance: 13 mL/min/kg
Administration
Ophthalmic Administration
If 1 topical ophthalmic drug is being used, administered 5 minutes apart
Remove contact lenses before administration; may reinsert 15 minutes after administration
Missed dose
- One dose missed: Continue with next dose as normal
Storage
Iyuzeh
- Store at 15-25ºC (59-77ºF)
- Store in original pouch
- Write date on pouch when opening; after opened, store single-dose containers in the opened foil pouch for up to 30 days
- Discard unused containers 30 days after first opening pouch
Xalatan
- Unopened bottles: Refrigerate at 2-8ºC (36-46ºF)
- Protect from light
- During shipping: May store at temperatures up to 40ºC (104ºF) for up to 8 days
- Once opened, store at room temperature up to 25ºC (77ºF) for 6 weeks
Xelpros
- Unopened bottles: Store at 2-25ºC (36-77ºF)
- Protect from light During shipping: May store at temperatures up to 40ºC (104ºF) for up to 8 days
- After opening, can be used until expiration date stamped on bottle and then discarded
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Xalatan ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  | |
| latanoprost ophthalmic (eye) - | 0.005 % drops |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
latanoprost ophthalmic (eye)
LATANOPROST - OPHTHALMIC SOLUTION
(lay-TAN-oh-prost)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Xalatan
USES: Latanoprost is used to treat high pressure inside the eye due to glaucoma (open angle type) or other eye diseases (such as ocular hypertension). It is similar to a natural chemical in the body (prostaglandin) and works by regulating the flow of fluid within the eye which results in lower pressure. Lowering high pressure inside the eye helps to prevent blindness.
HOW TO USE: Apply this medication in the affected eye(s) usually once daily in the evening, or as directed by your doctor. Do not use this medication more frequently than prescribed; using more can decrease effectiveness.To apply eye drops, wash your hands first. To avoid contamination, do not touch the dropper tip or let it touch your eye or any other surface.If you are wearing contact lenses, remove them before using this medication. Wait at least 15 minutes before replacing your contact lenses.Tilt your head back, look upward, and pull down the lower eyelid to make a pouch. Hold the dropper directly over your eye and place one drop into the pouch. Look downward, gently close your eyes, and place one finger at the corner of your eye (near the nose). Apply gentle pressure for 1 to 2 minutes before opening your eyes. This will prevent the medication from draining out. Try not to blink or rub your eye. Repeat these steps if your dose is for more than one drop. If directed to use this medication in both eyes, repeat these steps for your other eye. Do not rinse the dropper. Replace the dropper cap after each use.Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to use it at the same time each day. Keep using latanoprost even if you feel well. Most people with glaucoma or high pressure in the eye do not feel sick.If you are using another kind of eye medication (such as drops or ointments), wait at least 5 minutes before applying other products. Use eye drops before eye ointments to allow the eye drops to enter the eye.
SIDE EFFECTS: Blurred vision, burning/stinging/itching/redness of the eye, feeling as if something is in the eye, changes in eyelash number/color/length/thickness, eyelid changes/skin darkening, dry eye, lid crusting/discomfort, or increased sensitivity to light may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly.This medication may slowly (over months to years) cause brown discoloration of the colored portion of the eye (iris). If you are using latanoprost in only one eye, only that iris may change color. This color change may be permanent but the long-term effects are uncertain. Notify your doctor if this occurs and schedule regular eye exams to monitor it.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: eye pain, suspected eye infection (unusual redness or swelling of eyes), rapid vision changes (such as loss of vision).A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, severe itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before using latanoprost, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients (such as preservatives like benzalkonium chloride), which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: other eye problems (such as macular edema, iritis/uveitis, lens extraction/aphakia, herpes infection of the eye).If you develop an eye infection or injury, or have eye surgery, check with your doctor about the continued use of your current bottle of latanoprost. You may be advised to start using a new bottle.After you apply this drug, your vision may become temporarily blurred or unstable. Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires clear vision until you can do it safely.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug are: eyelash treatment (such as topically applied bimatoprost).
OVERDOSE: This medicine may be harmful if swallowed. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as eye exams) should be done while you are using this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember if it is on the same day. If you do not remember until the next day, skip the missed dose. Use your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Different brands of this medication have different storage needs. Check the product package for instructions on how to store your brand, or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
Information last revised December 2022. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
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