drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol (Rx)

Contraception

Yasmin, Ocella, Syeda, Yaela, Zarah

• 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.03 mg EE) PO qDay for 21 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 7 days

Yaz, Gianvi, Loryna, Vestura

• 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.02 mg EE) PO qDay for 24 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 4 days

Moderate Acne Vulgaris

Yaz, Gianvi, Loryna

• Indicated for moderate acne in women, but only if oral contraceptive is chosen as method of birth control
• 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.02 mg EE) PO qDay for 24 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 4 days

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Yaz, Gianvi

• Indicated for symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), but only if oral contraceptive is chosen as method of birth control
• 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.02 mg EE) PO qDay for 24 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 4 days

Dosage Modifications

Renal impairment: Contraindicated

Hepatic impairment: Contraindicated

Dosing Considerations

Women should be advised to use additional nonhormonal contraception during the first 7 days of therapy

Administer tablets in the order directed on the blister pack calendar at the same time each day

Increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) with combined hormonal contraceptives following delivery; risk declines rapidly after 21 days but does not return to normal until 42 days after delivery

CDC guidelines recommend waiting 21-42 days to initiate therapy in postpartum women without additional VTE risks (MMWR July 7, 2011)

Postpartum women who do not breastfeed or after a second trimester abortion: Wait ≥4 weeks to initiate therapy

Postpartum women who have had a caesarean section birth: Wait ≥6 weeks to initiate therapy

Women with other risk factors for VTE in addition to postpartum: Do not use combined hormonal contraceptives

Contraception

<14 years

• Safety and efficacy not established

≥14 years

• Yasmin, Ocella, Syeda, Yaela, Zarah

  • 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.03 mg EE) PO qDay for 21 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 7 days

• Yaz, Gianvi, Loryna, Vestura

  • 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.02 mg EE) PO qDay for 24 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 4 days

Moderate Acne Vulgaris

Moderate acne in females ≥14 years, but only if oral contraceptive is chosen as method of birth control

<14 years

• Safety and efficacy not established

≥14 years

• Yaz, Gianvi, Loryna

  • Indicated for moderate acne in women, but only if oral contraceptive is chosen as method of birth control
  • 1 active tablet (3 mg drospirenone/0.02 mg EE) PO qDay for 24 days, THEN 1 inert tablet PO qDay for 4 days

Contraindicated (3)

• fezolinetant

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fezolinetant by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Contraindicated. Fezolinetant AUC and peak plasma concentration are increased if coadministered with drugs that are weak, moderate, or strong CYP1A2 inhibitors

• ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

  ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC), ethinylestradiol. unspecified interaction mechanism. Contraindicated. Potential for increased ALT; contraceptive failure may occur when coadministered with protease inhibitors (ritonavir).
  
  ethinylestradiol, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC). Either increases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Contraindicated. ALT elevations >5 x ULN (including some >20 x ULN) observed in clinical trials when ethinyl estradiol was coadministered with ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir. Discontinue ethinyl estradiol-containing medications before initiating ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, and/or dasabuvir. Restart ethinyl estradiol containing medication ~2 weeks after hepatitis C combination drug regimen completed.

• tranexamic acid oral

  tranexamic acid oral, ethinylestradiol. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Coadministration of tranexamic acid oral and combination hormonal contraceptives increases thrombotic risk.

Serious - Use Alternative (75)

• amiloride

  amiloride and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  amiloride, drospirenone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• amobarbital

  amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• anastrozole

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of anastrozole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Anastrozole should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.

• apalutamide

  apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.

• armodafinil

  armodafinil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• atazanavir

  atazanavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• belzutifan

  belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of belzutifan with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception. Based on animal studies, belzutifan can cause fetal harm.
  
  belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of belzutifan with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception. Based on animal studies, belzutifan can cause fetal harm.

• bosentan

  bosentan will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• calaspargase pegol

  calaspargase pegol, drospirenone. unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Due to the potential for an indirect interaction between calaspargase pegol and oral contraceptives, concomitant use of these drugs is not recommended. Use another non-oral contraceptive method for females of childbearing potential.

• brigatinib

  brigatinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Brigatinib induces CYP3A4 in vitro. Coadministration of hormonal contraceptives with brigatinib can result in decreased concentrations and loss of efficacy. Brigatinib can cause fetal harm. Women should use an effective nonhormonal method of contraception during treatment and for at least 4 months after the last brigatinib dose.

• butabarbital

  butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• calaspargase pegol

  calaspargase pegol, ethinylestradiol. unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Due to the potential for an indirect interaction between calaspargase pegol and oral contraceptives, concomitant use of these drugs is not recommended. Use another non-oral contraceptive method for females of childbearing potential.

• carbamazepine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of carbamazepine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.
  
  carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• conivaptan

  conivaptan will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• dexamethasone

  dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• efavirenz

  efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• elagolix

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of elagolix by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Based on the mechanism of action of elagolix, estrogen-containing contraceptives are expected to reduce elagolix efficacy. Effects of progestin-only contraceptives on the efficacy of elagolix is unknown. Advise women to use nonhormonal contraceptives during treatment with elagolix and for 1 week after discontinuing elagolix.

• elvitegravir

  elvitegravir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Consider alternative nonhormonal methods of contraception to add or replace combination oral contraceptive

• encorafenib

  encorafenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of encorafenib with hormonal contraceptives (CYP3A4 substrates) can result in decreased concentrations and loss of hormonal contraceptive efficacy. Since encorafenib can cause fetal harm, advise women of childbearing potential to use a highly effective nonhormonal contraceptive during treatment and for 2 weeks after final encorafenib dose.

• enoxaparin

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of enoxaparin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Risk of thromboembolic disorders.

• enzalutamide

  enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• eplerenone

  drospirenone, eplerenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• eslicarbazepine acetate

  eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Use additional or alternative nonhormonal birth control.

• exemestane

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of exemestane by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Exemestane should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.

• fedratinib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fedratinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fedratinib (a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate) with dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor. Effect of coadministration of a dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor with fedratinib has not been studied.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of fedratinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fedratinib (a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate) with dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor. Effect of coadministration of a dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor with fedratinib has not been studied.

• fexinidazole

  fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2E1 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.

• isavuconazonium sulfate

  isavuconazonium sulfate will increase the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• fosamprenavir

  fosamprenavir, ethinylestradiol. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may decrease amprenavir AUC, and may lead to loss of virologic response. Coadministration of fosamprenavir with ethinyl estradiol may alter hormone levels. Alternative methods of nonhormonal contraception are recommended.

• griseofulvin

  griseofulvin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• heparin

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of heparin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Risk of thromboembolic disorders.

• idelalisib

  idelalisib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates

• indinavir

  indinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• isavuconazonium sulfate

  isavuconazonium sulfate will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• ivosidenib

  ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.

• leniolisib

  leniolisib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Leniolisib, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase systemic exposure of BCRP substrates

• lesinurad

  lesinurad decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Use additional methods of nonhormonal contraception. Do not rely on hormonal contraception alone when taking lesinurad.

• letrozole

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of letrozole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Letrozole should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.

• lonafarnib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.

• lopinavir

  lopinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .
  
  lopinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• mavacamten

  mavacamten will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Progestin and ethinyl estradiol are CYP3A4 substrates. Mavacamten may decrease systemic exposures of ethinyl estradiol and progestin, which may lead to contraceptive failure or an increase in breakthrough bleeding. Advise patients to use a contraceptive method that is not affected by CYP450 enzyme induction (eg, intrauterine system) or add nonhormonal contraception (eg, condoms) during coadministration and for 4 months after last mavacamten dose.

• lumacaftor/ivacaftor

  lumacaftor/ivacaftor will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration unless benefit outweighs risk. When coadministered, hormonal contraceptives are not a reliable method of effective birth control. Concomitant use may increase incidence of menstruation associated adverse effects (amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia).

• mavacamten

  mavacamten will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Progestin and ethinyl estradiol are CYP3A4 substrates. Mavacamten may decrease systemic exposures of ethinyl estradiol and progestin, which may lead to contraceptive failure or an increase in breakthrough bleeding. Advise patients to use a contraceptive method that is not affected by CYP450 enzyme induction (eg, intrauterine system) or add nonhormonal contraception (eg, condoms) during coadministration and for 4 months after last mavacamten dose.

• metyrapone

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of metyrapone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. A subtherapeutic response to metyrapone can be seen in patients on estrogens, including oral contraceptives, that contain estrogen therapy. It may be advisable to discontinue estrogens prior to and during metyrapone administration.

• mifepristone

  mifepristone will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• mobocertinib

  mobocertinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of mobocertinib with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective non-hormonal contraception.
  
  mobocertinib will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of mobocertinib with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective non-hormonal contraception.

• mycophenolate

  mycophenolate decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Patients should consider using an alternative or additional form of contraception.

• omaveloxolone

  omaveloxolone will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Omaveloxolone may reduce efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (eg, pill, patch, ring), implants, and progestin-only pills owing to weak CYP3A4 induction.

• nelfinavir

  nelfinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .
  
  nelfinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• nevirapine

  nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• omaveloxolone

  omaveloxolone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Omaveloxolone may reduce efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (eg, pill, patch, ring), implants, and progestin-only pills owing to weak CYP3A4 induction.

• oxcarbazepine

  oxcarbazepine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• pentobarbital

  pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• phenobarbital

  phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• phenytoin

  phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• potassium acid phosphate

  drospirenone and potassium acid phosphate both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium chloride

  drospirenone and potassium chloride both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium citrate

  drospirenone and potassium citrate both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium phosphates, IV

  drospirenone and potassium phosphates, IV both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• primidone

  primidone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• quinidine

  quinidine will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• ranolazine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ranolazine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• repotrectinib

  repotrectinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Repotrectinib is a CYP3A4 inducer, which can decrease progestin or estrogen exposure to an extent that could reduce effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Advise females to use an effective nonhormonal contraceptive.
  
  repotrectinib will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Repotrectinib is a CYP3A4 inducer, which can decrease progestin or estrogen exposure to an extent that could reduce effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Advise females to use an effective nonhormonal contraceptive.

• rifabutin

  rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• spironolactone

  drospirenone and spironolactone both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  drospirenone, spironolactone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• rifampin

  rifampin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• rifapentine

  rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• ritonavir

  ritonavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .
  
  ritonavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• saquinavir

  saquinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .
  
  saquinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• secobarbital

  secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• St John's Wort

  St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• sugammadex sodium

  sugammadex sodium decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by receptor binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. In vitro binding studies showed that sugammadex may bind to progestogen, thereby decreasing progestogen exposure. Therefore, a sugammadex bolus dose is considered to be equivalent to missing dose(s) of hormonal contraceptives containing an estrogen or progestogen. If an oral contraceptive is taken on the same day of sugammadex, or the patient has a transdermal or implant hormonal contraceptive, the patient must use an additional, nonhormonal contraceptive method or back-up method of contraception (eg, condoms and spermicides) for the next 7 days.

• tipranavir

  tipranavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• topiramate

  topiramate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• triamterene

  drospirenone and triamterene both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  drospirenone, triamterene. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• tucatinib

  tucatinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.

Monitor Closely (272)

• acebutolol

  acebutolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aceclofenac

  drospirenone and aceclofenac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• acemetacin

  drospirenone and acemetacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• albiglutide

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of albiglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of albiglutide by passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• albuterol

  drospirenone increases and albuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• alosetron

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of alosetron by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• aldesleukin

  aldesleukin increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

• alprazolam

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of alprazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• aminocaproic acid

  ethinylestradiol, aminocaproic acid. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant use may lead to additive hypercoagulability. Estrogens increase clotting factor production and platelet aggregation; aminocaproic acid inhibits fibrinolysis and activity of plasminogen.

• amoxicillin

  amoxicillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• ampicillin

  ampicillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• arformoterol

  drospirenone increases and arformoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• artemether/lumefantrine

  artemether/lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• aspirin

  drospirenone and aspirin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aspirin rectal

  drospirenone and aspirin rectal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

  drospirenone and aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• atazanavir

  atazanavir, drospirenone. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Atazanavir may increase or decrease levels of drospirenone. Use alternatives if available.

• atenolol

  atenolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• atogepant

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• atorvastatin

  atorvastatin will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

• avapritinib

  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• axitinib

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• benazepril

  benazepril and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• bendamustine

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of bendamustine by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Bendamustine is metabolized to minimally active metabolites by CYP1A2. Ethinyl estradiol is a weak CYP1A2 inhibitor and concurrent administration may increase bendamustine concentrations in plasma. .

• bendroflumethiazide

  drospirenone increases and bendroflumethiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• betaxolol

  betaxolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• bisoprolol

  bisoprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• bumetanide

  drospirenone increases and bumetanide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• caffeine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of caffeine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• canagliflozin

  drospirenone and canagliflozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• candesartan

  candesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• captopril

  captopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• carbamazepine

  carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Advise patients to use alternative contraceptive method during coadministration; continue alternative contraception for 28 days after discontinuing therapy to ensure contraception reliability

• carbenoxolone

  drospirenone increases and carbenoxolone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• carvedilol

  carvedilol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cefaclor

  cefaclor will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefadroxil

  cefadroxil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefazolin

  cefazolin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefdinir

  cefdinir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefepime

  cefepime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefixime

  cefixime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefotaxime

  cefotaxime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefprozil

  cefprozil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceftazidime

  ceftazidime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceftibuten

  ceftibuten will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefuroxime

  cefuroxime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• celecoxib

  drospirenone and celecoxib both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• celiprolol

  celiprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cenobamate

  cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase dose of CYP3A4 substrate, as needed, when coadministered with cenobamate.
  
  cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Advise women to use additional or alternative non-hormonal birth control when concomitantly using cenobamate with oral contraceptives.

• cephalexin

  cephalexin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceritinib

  ceritinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• chloramphenicol

  chloramphenicol will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• chlorothiazide

  drospirenone increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• chlorthalidone

  drospirenone increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• choline magnesium trisalicylate

  drospirenone and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cimetidine

  cimetidine will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ciprofloxacin

  ciprofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• clarithromycin

  clarithromycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• clindamycin

  clindamycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• clobazam

  clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
  
  clobazam will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.

• clonazepam

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clonazepam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• cyclopenthiazide

  drospirenone increases and cyclopenthiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cyclosporine

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of cyclosporine by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone, cyclosporine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor serum cyclosporine concentrations, and for signs and symptoms of renal and hepatic toxicity.

• dabrafenib

  dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• darunavir

  darunavir will increase the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• darunavir

  darunavir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• dasatinib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of dasatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• deferasirox

  deferasirox will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• demeclocycline

  demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• diazepam

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of diazepam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• diclofenac

  drospirenone and diclofenac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• dicloxacillin

  dicloxacillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• diflunisal

  drospirenone and diflunisal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• digoxin

  drospirenone and digoxin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• disopyramide

  drospirenone increases effects of disopyramide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive cardiovascular depression.

• dobutamine

  drospirenone increases and dobutamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• dopexamine

  drospirenone increases and dopexamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• doxycycline

  doxycycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• elagolix

  elagolix will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.

• eltrombopag

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of eltrombopag by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

  elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.

• enalapril

  enalapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• encorafenib

  encorafenib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Encorafenib (a BCRP inhibitor) may increase the concentration and toxicities of BCRP substrates. Closely monitor for signs and symptoms of increased exposure and consider adjusting the dose of these substrates.

• ephedrine

  drospirenone increases and ephedrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• epinephrine

  drospirenone increases and epinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• epinephrine racemic

  drospirenone increases and epinephrine racemic decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• eprosartan

  eprosartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• erythromycin base

  erythromycin base will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin ethylsuccinate

  erythromycin ethylsuccinate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin lactobionate

  erythromycin lactobionate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin stearate

  erythromycin stearate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• esmolol

  esmolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ethacrynic acid

  drospirenone increases and ethacrynic acid decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• etodolac

  drospirenone and etodolac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• etravirine

  etravirine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• exenatide injectable solution

  ethinylestradiol, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
  
  drospirenone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .

• exenatide injectable suspension

  ethinylestradiol, exenatide injectable suspension. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide.
  
  drospirenone, exenatide injectable suspension. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide.

• fedratinib

  fedratinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates as necessary.

• fenbufen

  drospirenone and fenbufen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fenoprofen

  drospirenone and fenoprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• finerenone

  drospirenone and finerenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Finerenone dose adjustment based on current serum potassium concentration. Monitor serum potassium and adjust finerenone dose as described in the prescribing information as necessary.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.

• flibanserin

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.

• fluconazole

  fluconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• flurbiprofen

  drospirenone and flurbiprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fluvoxamine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fluvoxamine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• formoterol

  drospirenone increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fosinopril

  fosinopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• fostemsavir

  fostemsavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Fostemsavir inhibits BCRP transporters. If possible, avoid coadministration or modify dose of BCRP substrate coadministered with fostemsavir. Do not ethinyl estradiol dose of exceed 30 mcg/day.

• furosemide

  drospirenone increases and furosemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• gemifloxacin

  gemifloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• gentamicin

  drospirenone increases and gentamicin decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• grapefruit

  grapefruit will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• green tea

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of green tea by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.

• hemin

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of hemin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that increase delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may decrease hemin effect.

• hyaluronidase

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of hyaluronidase by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Estrogens, when given in large systemic doses, may render tissues partially resistant to the action of hyaluronidase. Patients may require larger amounts of hyaluronidase for equivalent dispersing effect.

• hydrochlorothiazide

  drospirenone increases and hydrochlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ibuprofen

  drospirenone and ibuprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ibuprofen IV

  drospirenone and ibuprofen IV both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• iloperidone

  iloperidone increases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.

• imidapril

  imidapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• indapamide

  drospirenone increases and indapamide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• indomethacin

  drospirenone and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• insulin aspart

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin degludec

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin degludec by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin degludec/insulin aspart

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin degludec/insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin detemir

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin detemir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin glargine

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin glargine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin glulisine

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin glulisine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin inhaled

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin lispro

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin lispro by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin NPH

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin NPH by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin regular human

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin regular human by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• irbesartan

  irbesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• isavuconazonium sulfate

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• isoproterenol

  drospirenone increases and isoproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• istradefylline

  istradefylline will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.

• itraconazole

  itraconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as itraconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• ivacaftor

  drospirenone increases levels of ivacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor when coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors .

• juniper

  juniper, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Juniper may potentiate or interfere with diuretic therapy. Juniper has diuretic effects, but may cause kidney damage at large doses.

• ketoconazole

  ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• ketoprofen

  drospirenone and ketoprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ketorolac

  drospirenone and ketorolac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ketorolac intranasal

  drospirenone and ketorolac intranasal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• labetalol

  labetalol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• lamotrigine

  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lamotrigine by increasing hepatic clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination oral contraceptives have been shown to significantly decrease plasma concentrations of lamotrigine, likely due to induction of lamotrigine glucuronidation.
  
  ethinylestradiol decreases levels of lamotrigine by increasing hepatic clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination oral contraceptives have been shown to significantly decrease plasma concentrations of lamotrigine, likely due to induction of lamotrigine glucuronidation.

• lapatinib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lapatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• lemborexant

  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.

• lemborexant

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.

• lenacapavir

  lenacapavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lencapavir (a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor) may increase CYP3A4 substrates initiated within 9 months after last SC dose of lenacapavir, which may increase potential risk of adverse reactions of CYP3A4 substrates.

• levalbuterol

  drospirenone increases and levalbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• levofloxacin

  levofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• levoketoconazole

  levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• liraglutide

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of liraglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of liraglutide by passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• lisinopril

  lisinopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• lixisenatide (DSC)

  lixisenatide (DSC) will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. GLP1 agonists delay gastric emptying, which may affect absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications. Oral contraceptives should be taken at least 1 hr before lixisenatide administration or 11 hr after lixisenatide.

• lomitapide

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.
  
  drospirenone increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.

• lonapegsomatropin

  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor-1 response to lonapegsomatropin. Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require higher lonapegsomatropin dosages.
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor-1 response to lonapegsomatropin. Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require higher lonapegsomatropin dosages.
  
  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• lorlatinib

  lorlatinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• lornoxicam

  drospirenone and lornoxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• losartan

  losartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• lumefantrine

  lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• maraviroc

  drospirenone increases levels of maraviroc by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased toxicity.

• mavacamten

  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of mavacamten by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Inititiation of weak CYP2C19 inhibitors may require decreased mavacamten dose.

• meclofenamate

  drospirenone and meclofenamate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• mefenamic acid

  drospirenone and mefenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• meloxicam

  drospirenone and meloxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metaproterenol

  drospirenone increases and metaproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metformin

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• methyclothiazide

  drospirenone increases and methyclothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. .

• metronidazole

  metronidazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• metolazone

  drospirenone increases and metolazone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metoprolol

  metoprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• mexiletine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of mexiletine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• midazolam

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of midazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• midazolam intranasal

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.

• mifepristone

  mifepristone decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Backup contraceptive method recommended.
  
  mifepristone decreases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Backup contraceptive method recommended.

• minocycline

  minocycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• moexipril

  moexipril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• mitotane

  mitotane decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.

• momelotinib

  momelotinib increases toxicity of ethinylestradiol by plasma protein binding competition. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Momelotinib (BCRP inhibitor) may increase exposure of BCRP substrates, which may increase the risk of BCRP substrate adverse reactions. Dose adjustment of other BCRP substrates may necessary.

• moxifloxacin

  moxifloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nabumetone

  drospirenone and nabumetone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nadolol

  nadolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nafcillin

  nafcillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• naproxen

  drospirenone and naproxen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nebivolol

  nebivolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• neomycin PO

  neomycin PO will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nicardipine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of nicardipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nilotinib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of nilotinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nirmatrelvir

  nirmatrelvir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider using additional nonhormonal contraceptive method for remainder of cycle. Mechanism unknown, but possibly by ritonavir CYP2C9 or CYP1A2 induction.

• nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

  nirmatrelvir/ritonavir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider using additional nonhormonal contraceptive method for remainder of cycle. Mechanism unknown, but possibly by ritonavir CYP2C9 or CYP1A2 induction.

• nitrofurantoin

  nitrofurantoin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• noni juice

  drospirenone and noni juice both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• norepinephrine

  drospirenone increases and norepinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ofloxacin

  ofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• olanzapine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of olanzapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• olmesartan

  olmesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• oteseconazole

  oteseconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Otesezonale, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase the effects and risk of toxicities of BCRP substrates. Use lowest starting dose of BCRP substrate, or consider reducing BCRP substrate dose.

• oxaprozin

  drospirenone and oxaprozin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• parecoxib

  drospirenone and parecoxib both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• paromomycin

  paromomycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• penbutolol

  penbutolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• penicillin G aqueous

  penicillin G aqueous decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of oral contraceptive failure.

• penicillin VK

  penicillin VK will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• perindopril

  perindopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• pindolol

  pindolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• pioglitazone

  pioglitazone decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• pirbuterol

  drospirenone increases and pirbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• piroxicam

  drospirenone and piroxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• pivmecillinam

  pivmecillinam increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• posaconazole

  posaconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• potassium citrate/citric acid

  drospirenone and potassium citrate/citric acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• potassium iodide

  potassium iodide and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• propranolol

  propranolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• quinapril

  quinapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• quinupristin/dalfopristin

  quinupristin/dalfopristin will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ramelteon

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ramelteon by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ramipril

  ramipril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• rasagiline

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of rasagiline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Recommended dose of rasagiline is 0.5mg daily in combination with CYP1A2 inhibitors.

• ribociclib

  ribociclib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• romidepsin

  romidepsin decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by receptor binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ropinirole

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ropinirole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ethinylestradiol increases levels of ropinirole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• rucaparib

  rucaparib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP3A4 substrates, if clinically indicated.

• rufinamide

  rufinamide decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Rufinamide is a weak inducer of the CYP 3A4 enzyme and can decrease exposure of drugs that are substrates of CYP3A4. .

• sacubitril/valsartan

  sacubitril/valsartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salicylates (non-asa)

  drospirenone and salicylates (non-asa) both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salmeterol

  drospirenone increases and salmeterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salsalate

  drospirenone and salsalate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• selegiline

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of selegiline by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives inhibit the N demethylatin of selegiline.

• selegiline transdermal

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of selegiline transdermal by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives inhibit the N demethylatin of selegiline.

• siltuximab

  siltuximab, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: CYP450 activity in the liver is down regulated by infection and inflammation stimuli including cytokines (eg, IL-6); inhibition of IL-6 by siltuximab may restore CYP450 enzymatic activity; caution if coadministered with CYP substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index.
  
  siltuximab, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: CYP450 activity in the liver is down regulated by infection and inflammation stimuli including cytokines (eg, IL-6); inhibition of IL-6 by siltuximab may restore CYP450 enzymatic activity; caution if coadministered with CYP substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index.

• somapacitan

  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somapacitan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somapacitan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• somatrogon

  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somatrogon by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somatrogon by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• somatropin

  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• sotalol

  sotalol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• stiripentol

  stiripentol, ethinylestradiol. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.

• sparsentan

  sparsentan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor serum potassium frequently.

• succinylcholine

  drospirenone and succinylcholine both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• sulfadiazine

  sulfadiazine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• sulfamethoxazole

  sulfamethoxazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• sulfasalazine

  drospirenone and sulfasalazine both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• sulfisoxazole

  sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• sulindac

  drospirenone and sulindac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tacrolimus

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tacrolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tazemetostat

  tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tecovirimat

  tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.

• telmisartan

  telmisartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• temocillin

  temocillin increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• terbutaline

  drospirenone increases and terbutaline decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• teriflunomide

  teriflunomide increases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tetracycline

  tetracycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• theophylline

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of theophylline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ticarcillin

  ticarcillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ticarcillin increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• tigecycline

  tigecycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• timolol

  timolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tinidazole

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tizanidine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tizanidine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for tizanidine adverse effects (eg, hypotension or bradycardia)

• tolfenamic acid

  drospirenone and tolfenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tolmetin

  drospirenone and tolmetin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tolterodine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tolterodine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tolvaptan

  drospirenone and tolvaptan both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• torsemide

  drospirenone increases and torsemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• trandolapril

  trandolapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• triazolam

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of triazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• trimethoprim

  trimethoprim will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ursodiol

  ethinylestradiol decreases effects of ursodiol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• valoctocogene roxaparvovec

  ethinylestradiol and valoctocogene roxaparvovec both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Medications that may cause hepatotoxicity when combined with valoctogene roxaparvovec may potentiate the risk of elevated liver enzymes. Closely monitor these medications and consider alternative medications in case of potential drug interactions.
  
  drospirenone and valoctocogene roxaparvovec both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Medications that may cause hepatotoxicity when combined with valoctogene roxaparvovec may potentiate the risk of elevated liver enzymes. Closely monitor these medications and consider alternative medications in case of potential drug interactions.

• valproic acid

  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of valproic acid by increasing elimination. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. May lead to increased seizure frequency

• valsartan

  valsartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• voclosporin

  voclosporin and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• voriconazole

  voriconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• warfarin

  drospirenone increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

Minor (62)

• acetazolamide

  acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• agrimony

  agrimony increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• amitriptyline

  ethinylestradiol, amitriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Estrogens and progestins may decr tricyclic antidepressant effects, while increasing TCA plasma concentration and adverse effects.

• amoxapine

  ethinylestradiol, amoxapine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Estrogens and progestins may decr tricyclic antidepressant effects, while increasing TCA plasma concentration and adverse effects.

• anastrozole

  anastrozole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• antipyrine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of antipyrine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• asenapine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of asenapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• birch

  birch increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• brimonidine

  brimonidine increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• cadexomer iodine

  cadexomer iodine, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• calcium acetate

  drospirenone decreases levels of calcium acetate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium carbonate

  drospirenone decreases levels of calcium carbonate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium chloride

  drospirenone decreases levels of calcium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium citrate

  drospirenone decreases levels of calcium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium gluconate

  drospirenone decreases levels of calcium gluconate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• clarithromycin

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clarithromycin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• clomipramine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clomipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• cornsilk

  cornsilk increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• cyclophosphamide

  cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• desipramine

  ethinylestradiol, desipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• dosulepin

  ethinylestradiol, dosulepin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• doxepin

  ethinylestradiol, doxepin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• duloxetine

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of duloxetine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• enasidenib

  enasidenib, drospirenone. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.
  
  enasidenib, ethinylestradiol. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

• eplerenone

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of eplerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• epoprostenol

  epoprostenol increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypotensive effects.

• felbamate

  felbamate decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• forskolin

  forskolin increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• frovatriptan

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of frovatriptan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• goldenrod

  goldenrod increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• imipramine

  ethinylestradiol, imipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• iodinated glycerol

  iodinated glycerol, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• iodine

  iodine, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• larotrectinib

  larotrectinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium chloride

  drospirenone increases levels of magnesium chloride by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium citrate

  drospirenone increases levels of magnesium citrate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium hydroxide

  drospirenone increases levels of magnesium hydroxide by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium oxide

  drospirenone increases levels of magnesium oxide by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium sulfate

  drospirenone increases levels of magnesium sulfate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• maitake

  maitake increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• mineral oil

  mineral oil decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• minoxidil

  drospirenone increases effects of minoxidil by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• naratriptan

  ethinylestradiol increases effects of naratriptan by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. The clinical implication of these interactions is unknown.

• nefazodone

  nefazodone will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• nortriptyline

  ethinylestradiol, nortriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• octacosanol

  octacosanol increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• protriptyline

  ethinylestradiol, protriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• ramelteon

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ramelteon by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• reishi

  reishi increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• rosuvastatin

  rosuvastatin increases levels of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• ruxolitinib

  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• ruxolitinib topical

  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• shepherd's purse

  shepherd's purse, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

• tizanidine

  ethinylestradiol increases levels of tizanidine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sulfadiazine

  drospirenone increases levels of sulfadiazine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sulfamethoxazole

  drospirenone, sulfamethoxazole. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.
  
  drospirenone increases levels of sulfamethoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sulfisoxazole

  drospirenone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• tizanidine

  tizanidine increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypotension.

• trazodone

  ethinylestradiol, trazodone. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• treprostinil

  treprostinil increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• trimethoprim

  drospirenone, trimethoprim. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• trimipramine

  ethinylestradiol, trimipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• acebutolol

  Monitor Closely (1)acebutolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aceclofenac

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and aceclofenac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• acemetacin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and acemetacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• acetazolamide

  Minor (1)acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• agrimony

  Minor (1)agrimony increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• albiglutide

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of albiglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of albiglutide by passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• albuterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and albuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aldesleukin

  Monitor Closely (1)aldesleukin increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hypotension.

• alosetron

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of alosetron by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• alprazolam

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of alprazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• amiloride

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)amiloride and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  amiloride, drospirenone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• aminocaproic acid

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol, aminocaproic acid. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant use may lead to additive hypercoagulability. Estrogens increase clotting factor production and platelet aggregation; aminocaproic acid inhibits fibrinolysis and activity of plasminogen.

• amitriptyline

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, amitriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Estrogens and progestins may decr tricyclic antidepressant effects, while increasing TCA plasma concentration and adverse effects.

• amobarbital

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• amoxapine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, amoxapine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Estrogens and progestins may decr tricyclic antidepressant effects, while increasing TCA plasma concentration and adverse effects.

• amoxicillin

  Monitor Closely (1)amoxicillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• ampicillin

  Monitor Closely (1)ampicillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• anastrozole

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of anastrozole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Anastrozole should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.Minor (1)anastrozole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• antipyrine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of antipyrine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• apalutamide

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.

• arformoterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and arformoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• armodafinil

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)armodafinil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• artemether/lumefantrine

  Monitor Closely (1)artemether/lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• asenapine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of asenapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• aspirin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and aspirin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aspirin rectal

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and aspirin rectal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and aspirin/citric acid/sodium bicarbonate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• atazanavir

  Monitor Closely (1)atazanavir, drospirenone. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Atazanavir may increase or decrease levels of drospirenone. Use alternatives if available.Serious - Use Alternative (1)atazanavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• atenolol

  Monitor Closely (1)atenolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• atogepant

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of atogepant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• atorvastatin

  Monitor Closely (1)atorvastatin will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor.

• avapritinib

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone will increase the level or effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• axitinib

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone increases levels of axitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• belzutifan

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of belzutifan with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception. Based on animal studies, belzutifan can cause fetal harm.
  
  belzutifan will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of belzutifan with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception. Based on animal studies, belzutifan can cause fetal harm.

• benazepril

  Monitor Closely (1)benazepril and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• bendamustine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol increases levels of bendamustine by decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Bendamustine is metabolized to minimally active metabolites by CYP1A2. Ethinyl estradiol is a weak CYP1A2 inhibitor and concurrent administration may increase bendamustine concentrations in plasma. .

• bendroflumethiazide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and bendroflumethiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• betaxolol

  Monitor Closely (1)betaxolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• birch

  Minor (1)birch increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• bisoprolol

  Monitor Closely (1)bisoprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• bosentan

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)bosentan will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• brigatinib

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)brigatinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Brigatinib induces CYP3A4 in vitro. Coadministration of hormonal contraceptives with brigatinib can result in decreased concentrations and loss of efficacy. Brigatinib can cause fetal harm. Women should use an effective nonhormonal method of contraception during treatment and for at least 4 months after the last brigatinib dose.

• brimonidine

  Minor (1)brimonidine increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• bumetanide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and bumetanide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• butabarbital

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• cadexomer iodine

  Minor (1)cadexomer iodine, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• caffeine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of caffeine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• calaspargase pegol

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)calaspargase pegol, drospirenone. unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Due to the potential for an indirect interaction between calaspargase pegol and oral contraceptives, concomitant use of these drugs is not recommended. Use another non-oral contraceptive method for females of childbearing potential.
  
  calaspargase pegol, ethinylestradiol. unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Due to the potential for an indirect interaction between calaspargase pegol and oral contraceptives, concomitant use of these drugs is not recommended. Use another non-oral contraceptive method for females of childbearing potential.

• calcium acetate

  Minor (1)drospirenone decreases levels of calcium acetate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium carbonate

  Minor (1)drospirenone decreases levels of calcium carbonate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium chloride

  Minor (1)drospirenone decreases levels of calcium chloride by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium citrate

  Minor (1)drospirenone decreases levels of calcium citrate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• calcium gluconate

  Minor (1)drospirenone decreases levels of calcium gluconate by increasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• canagliflozin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and canagliflozin both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• candesartan

  Monitor Closely (1)candesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• captopril

  Monitor Closely (1)captopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• carbamazepine

  Monitor Closely (1)carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Advise patients to use alternative contraceptive method during coadministration; continue alternative contraception for 28 days after discontinuing therapy to ensure contraception reliability Serious - Use Alternative (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of carbamazepine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.
  
  carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• carbenoxolone

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and carbenoxolone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• carvedilol

  Monitor Closely (1)carvedilol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cefaclor

  Monitor Closely (1)cefaclor will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefadroxil

  Monitor Closely (1)cefadroxil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefazolin

  Monitor Closely (1)cefazolin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefdinir

  Monitor Closely (1)cefdinir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefepime

  Monitor Closely (1)cefepime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefixime

  Monitor Closely (1)cefixime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefotaxime

  Monitor Closely (1)cefotaxime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefprozil

  Monitor Closely (1)cefprozil will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceftazidime

  Monitor Closely (1)ceftazidime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceftibuten

  Monitor Closely (1)ceftibuten will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• cefuroxime

  Monitor Closely (1)cefuroxime will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• celecoxib

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and celecoxib both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• celiprolol

  Monitor Closely (1)celiprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cenobamate

  Monitor Closely (2)cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Increase dose of CYP3A4 substrate, as needed, when coadministered with cenobamate.
  
  cenobamate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Advise women to use additional or alternative non-hormonal birth control when concomitantly using cenobamate with oral contraceptives.

• cephalexin

  Monitor Closely (1)cephalexin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ceritinib

  Monitor Closely (1)ceritinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• chloramphenicol

  Monitor Closely (1)chloramphenicol will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• chlorothiazide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and chlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• chlorthalidone

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and chlorthalidone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• choline magnesium trisalicylate

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and choline magnesium trisalicylate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cimetidine

  Monitor Closely (1)cimetidine will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ciprofloxacin

  Monitor Closely (1)ciprofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• clarithromycin

  Monitor Closely (1)clarithromycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clarithromycin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• clindamycin

  Monitor Closely (1)clindamycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• clobazam

  Monitor Closely (2)clobazam will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.
  
  clobazam will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Clobazam is a weak CYP3A4 inducer; effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives may be diminished when given concurrently with clobazam. Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended.

• clomipramine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clomipramine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• clonazepam

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of clonazepam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• conivaptan

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)conivaptan will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• cornsilk

  Minor (1)cornsilk increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• cyclopenthiazide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and cyclopenthiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• cyclophosphamide

  Minor (1)cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• cyclosporine

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol increases levels of cyclosporine by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone, cyclosporine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor serum cyclosporine concentrations, and for signs and symptoms of renal and hepatic toxicity.

• dabrafenib

  Monitor Closely (1)dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• darunavir

  Monitor Closely (2)darunavir will increase the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.
  
  darunavir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• dasatinib

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of dasatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• deferasirox

  Monitor Closely (1)deferasirox will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• demeclocycline

  Monitor Closely (1)demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• desipramine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, desipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• dexamethasone

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• diazepam

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of diazepam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• diclofenac

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and diclofenac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• dicloxacillin

  Monitor Closely (1)dicloxacillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• diflunisal

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and diflunisal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• digoxin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and digoxin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• disopyramide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases effects of disopyramide by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive cardiovascular depression.

• dobutamine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and dobutamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• dopexamine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and dopexamine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• dosulepin

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, dosulepin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• doxepin

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, doxepin. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• doxycycline

  Monitor Closely (1)doxycycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• duloxetine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of duloxetine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• efavirenz

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• elagolix

  Monitor Closely (1)elagolix will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of elagolix by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Based on the mechanism of action of elagolix, estrogen-containing contraceptives are expected to reduce elagolix efficacy. Effects of progestin-only contraceptives on the efficacy of elagolix is unknown. Advise women to use nonhormonal contraceptives during treatment with elagolix and for 1 week after discontinuing elagolix.

• eltrombopag

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of eltrombopag by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• elvitegravir

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)elvitegravir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Consider alternative nonhormonal methods of contraception to add or replace combination oral contraceptive

• elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF

  Monitor Closely (1)elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.

• enalapril

  Monitor Closely (1)enalapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• enasidenib

  Minor (2)enasidenib, drospirenone. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.
  
  enasidenib, ethinylestradiol. unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration of enasidenib may increase or decrease the concentrations of combined hormonal contraceptives. Clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

• encorafenib

  Monitor Closely (1)encorafenib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Encorafenib (a BCRP inhibitor) may increase the concentration and toxicities of BCRP substrates. Closely monitor for signs and symptoms of increased exposure and consider adjusting the dose of these substrates.Serious - Use Alternative (1)encorafenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of encorafenib with hormonal contraceptives (CYP3A4 substrates) can result in decreased concentrations and loss of hormonal contraceptive efficacy. Since encorafenib can cause fetal harm, advise women of childbearing potential to use a highly effective nonhormonal contraceptive during treatment and for 2 weeks after final encorafenib dose.

• enoxaparin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of enoxaparin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Risk of thromboembolic disorders.

• enzalutamide

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• ephedrine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and ephedrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• epinephrine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and epinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• epinephrine racemic

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and epinephrine racemic decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• eplerenone

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)drospirenone, eplerenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of eplerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• epoprostenol

  Minor (1)epoprostenol increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive hypotensive effects.

• eprosartan

  Monitor Closely (1)eprosartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• erythromycin base

  Monitor Closely (1)erythromycin base will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin ethylsuccinate

  Monitor Closely (1)erythromycin ethylsuccinate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin lactobionate

  Monitor Closely (1)erythromycin lactobionate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• erythromycin stearate

  Monitor Closely (1)erythromycin stearate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.

• eslicarbazepine acetate

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Use additional or alternative nonhormonal birth control.

• esmolol

  Monitor Closely (1)esmolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ethacrynic acid

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and ethacrynic acid decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• etodolac

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and etodolac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• etravirine

  Monitor Closely (1)etravirine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• exemestane

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of exemestane by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Exemestane should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.

• exenatide injectable solution

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .
  
  drospirenone, exenatide injectable solution. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide. .

• exenatide injectable suspension

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol, exenatide injectable suspension. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide.
  
  drospirenone, exenatide injectable suspension. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. The effect of exenatide to slow gastric emptying may reduce the extent and rate of oral medications that require rapid GI absorption. Advise patients to take oral contraceptives at least 1 hr before exenatide.

• fedratinib

  Monitor Closely (1)fedratinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates as necessary.Serious - Use Alternative (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fedratinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fedratinib (a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate) with dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor. Effect of coadministration of a dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor with fedratinib has not been studied.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of fedratinib by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of fedratinib (a CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 substrate) with dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor. Effect of coadministration of a dual CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibitor with fedratinib has not been studied.

• felbamate

  Minor (1)felbamate decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• fenbufen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and fenbufen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fenoprofen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and fenoprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fexinidazole

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2E1 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.

• fezolinetant

  Contraindicated (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fezolinetant by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Contraindicated. Fezolinetant AUC and peak plasma concentration are increased if coadministered with drugs that are weak, moderate, or strong CYP1A2 inhibitors

• finerenone

  Monitor Closely (3)drospirenone and finerenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Finerenone dose adjustment based on current serum potassium concentration. Monitor serum potassium and adjust finerenone dose as described in the prescribing information as necessary.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of finerenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Monitor serum potassium during initiation and dosage adjustment of either finererone or weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Adjust finererone dosage as needed.

• flibanserin

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of flibanserin by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Increased flibanserin adverse effects may occur if coadministered with multiple weak CYP3A4 inhibitors.

• fluconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)fluconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• flurbiprofen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and flurbiprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• fluvoxamine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of fluvoxamine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• formoterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• forskolin

  Minor (1)forskolin increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• fosamprenavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)fosamprenavir, ethinylestradiol. unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may decrease amprenavir AUC, and may lead to loss of virologic response. Coadministration of fosamprenavir with ethinyl estradiol may alter hormone levels. Alternative methods of nonhormonal contraception are recommended.

• fosinopril

  Monitor Closely (1)fosinopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• fostemsavir

  Monitor Closely (1)fostemsavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Fostemsavir inhibits BCRP transporters. If possible, avoid coadministration or modify dose of BCRP substrate coadministered with fostemsavir. Do not ethinyl estradiol dose of exceed 30 mcg/day.

• frovatriptan

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of frovatriptan by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• furosemide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and furosemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• gemifloxacin

  Monitor Closely (1)gemifloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• gentamicin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and gentamicin decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• goldenrod

  Minor (1)goldenrod increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• grapefruit

  Monitor Closely (1)grapefruit will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• green tea

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol increases levels of green tea by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.

• griseofulvin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)griseofulvin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• hemin

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of hemin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Drugs that increase delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may decrease hemin effect.

• heparin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of heparin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Risk of thromboembolic disorders.

• hyaluronidase

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of hyaluronidase by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Estrogens, when given in large systemic doses, may render tissues partially resistant to the action of hyaluronidase. Patients may require larger amounts of hyaluronidase for equivalent dispersing effect.

• hydrochlorothiazide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and hydrochlorothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ibuprofen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and ibuprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ibuprofen IV

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and ibuprofen IV both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• idelalisib

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)idelalisib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates

• iloperidone

  Monitor Closely (1)iloperidone increases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.

• imidapril

  Monitor Closely (1)imidapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• imipramine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, imipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• indapamide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and indapamide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• indinavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)indinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• indomethacin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and indomethacin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• insulin aspart

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin degludec

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin degludec by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin degludec/insulin aspart

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin degludec/insulin aspart by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin detemir

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin detemir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin glargine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin glargine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin glulisine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin glulisine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin inhaled

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Estrogens may impair glucose tolerance.

• insulin lispro

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin lispro by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin NPH

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin NPH by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• insulin regular human

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of insulin regular human by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• iodinated glycerol

  Minor (1)iodinated glycerol, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• iodine

  Minor (1)iodine, drospirenone. Mechanism: decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• irbesartan

  Monitor Closely (1)irbesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• isavuconazonium sulfate

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (2)isavuconazonium sulfate will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  isavuconazonium sulfate will increase the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• isoproterenol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and isoproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• istradefylline

  Monitor Closely (1)istradefylline will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.

• itraconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)itraconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as itraconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• ivacaftor

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases levels of ivacaftor by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor when coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors .

• ivosidenib

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternate therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.

• juniper

  Monitor Closely (1)juniper, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Juniper may potentiate or interfere with diuretic therapy. Juniper has diuretic effects, but may cause kidney damage at large doses.

• ketoconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• ketoprofen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and ketoprofen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ketorolac

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and ketorolac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• ketorolac intranasal

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and ketorolac intranasal both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• labetalol

  Monitor Closely (1)labetalol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• lamotrigine

  Monitor Closely (2)drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lamotrigine by increasing hepatic clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination oral contraceptives have been shown to significantly decrease plasma concentrations of lamotrigine, likely due to induction of lamotrigine glucuronidation.
  
  ethinylestradiol decreases levels of lamotrigine by increasing hepatic clearance. Use Caution/Monitor. Combination oral contraceptives have been shown to significantly decrease plasma concentrations of lamotrigine, likely due to induction of lamotrigine glucuronidation.

• lapatinib

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lapatinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• larotrectinib

  Minor (1)larotrectinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• lemborexant

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of lemborexant by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Lower nightly dose of lemborexant recommended if coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. See drug monograph for specific dosage modification.

• lenacapavir

  Monitor Closely (1)lenacapavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lencapavir (a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor) may increase CYP3A4 substrates initiated within 9 months after last SC dose of lenacapavir, which may increase potential risk of adverse reactions of CYP3A4 substrates.

• leniolisib

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)leniolisib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Leniolisib, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase systemic exposure of BCRP substrates

• lesinurad

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)lesinurad decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Use additional methods of nonhormonal contraception. Do not rely on hormonal contraception alone when taking lesinurad.

• letrozole

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of letrozole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Letrozole should not be given concurrently with any estrogens or estrogen-containing products.

• levalbuterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and levalbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• levofloxacin

  Monitor Closely (1)levofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• levoketoconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole may increase plasma hormone levels.

• liraglutide

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of liraglutide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of liraglutide by passive renal tubular reabsorption due to increased pH. Use Caution/Monitor. Oral contraceptives may decrease hypoglycemic effects of antidiabetics by impairing glucose tolerance. Monitor for glycemic control in diabetic patients.

• lisinopril

  Monitor Closely (1)lisinopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• lixisenatide (DSC)

  Monitor Closely (1)lixisenatide (DSC) will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. GLP1 agonists delay gastric emptying, which may affect absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications. Oral contraceptives should be taken at least 1 hr before lixisenatide administration or 11 hr after lixisenatide.

• lomitapide

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.
  
  drospirenone increases levels of lomitapide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Lomitapide dose should not exceed 30 mg/day.

• lonafarnib

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. If coadministration of lonafarnib (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) with weak CYP3A inhibitors is unavoidable, reduce to, or continue lonafarnib at starting dose. Closely monitor for arrhythmias and events (eg, syncope, heart palpitations) since lonafarnib effect on QT interval is unknown.

• lonapegsomatropin

  Monitor Closely (4)ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor-1 response to lonapegsomatropin. Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require higher lonapegsomatropin dosages.
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor-1 response to lonapegsomatropin. Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require higher lonapegsomatropin dosages.
  
  ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of lonapegsomatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• lopinavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)lopinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  lopinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• lorlatinib

  Monitor Closely (1)lorlatinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• lornoxicam

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and lornoxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• losartan

  Monitor Closely (1)losartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• lumacaftor/ivacaftor

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)lumacaftor/ivacaftor will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration unless benefit outweighs risk. When coadministered, hormonal contraceptives are not a reliable method of effective birth control. Concomitant use may increase incidence of menstruation associated adverse effects (amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia).

• lumefantrine

  Monitor Closely (1)lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• magnesium chloride

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of magnesium chloride by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium citrate

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of magnesium citrate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium hydroxide

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of magnesium hydroxide by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium oxide

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of magnesium oxide by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• magnesium sulfate

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of magnesium sulfate by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• maitake

  Minor (1)maitake increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• maraviroc

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases levels of maraviroc by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased toxicity.

• mavacamten

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone will increase the level or effect of mavacamten by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP2C19 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Inititiation of weak CYP2C19 inhibitors may require decreased mavacamten dose. Serious - Use Alternative (2)mavacamten will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Progestin and ethinyl estradiol are CYP3A4 substrates. Mavacamten may decrease systemic exposures of ethinyl estradiol and progestin, which may lead to contraceptive failure or an increase in breakthrough bleeding. Advise patients to use a contraceptive method that is not affected by CYP450 enzyme induction (eg, intrauterine system) or add nonhormonal contraception (eg, condoms) during coadministration and for 4 months after last mavacamten dose.
  
  mavacamten will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Progestin and ethinyl estradiol are CYP3A4 substrates. Mavacamten may decrease systemic exposures of ethinyl estradiol and progestin, which may lead to contraceptive failure or an increase in breakthrough bleeding. Advise patients to use a contraceptive method that is not affected by CYP450 enzyme induction (eg, intrauterine system) or add nonhormonal contraception (eg, condoms) during coadministration and for 4 months after last mavacamten dose.

• meclofenamate

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and meclofenamate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• mefenamic acid

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and mefenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• meloxicam

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and meloxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metaproterenol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and metaproterenol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metformin

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone decreases effects of metformin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• methyclothiazide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and methyclothiazide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. .

• metolazone

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and metolazone decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metoprolol

  Monitor Closely (1)metoprolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• metronidazole

  Monitor Closely (1)metronidazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• metyrapone

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of metyrapone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. A subtherapeutic response to metyrapone can be seen in patients on estrogens, including oral contraceptives, that contain estrogen therapy. It may be advisable to discontinue estrogens prior to and during metyrapone administration.

• mexiletine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of mexiletine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• midazolam

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of midazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• midazolam intranasal

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of midazolam intranasal by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration of mild CYP3A4 inhibitors with midazolam intranasal may cause higher midazolam systemic exposure, which may prolong sedation.

• mifepristone

  Monitor Closely (2)mifepristone decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Backup contraceptive method recommended.
  
  mifepristone decreases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. Backup contraceptive method recommended.Serious - Use Alternative (1)mifepristone will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• mineral oil

  Minor (1)mineral oil decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• minocycline

  Monitor Closely (1)minocycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• minoxidil

  Minor (1)drospirenone increases effects of minoxidil by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• mitotane

  Monitor Closely (1)mitotane decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.

• mobocertinib

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)mobocertinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of mobocertinib with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective non-hormonal contraception.
  
  mobocertinib will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of mobocertinib with hormonal contraceptives may lead to contraceptive failure or increased breakthrough bleeding. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective non-hormonal contraception.

• moexipril

  Monitor Closely (1)moexipril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• momelotinib

  Monitor Closely (1)momelotinib increases toxicity of ethinylestradiol by plasma protein binding competition. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Momelotinib (BCRP inhibitor) may increase exposure of BCRP substrates, which may increase the risk of BCRP substrate adverse reactions. Dose adjustment of other BCRP substrates may necessary.

• moxifloxacin

  Monitor Closely (1)moxifloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• mycophenolate

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)mycophenolate decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Patients should consider using an alternative or additional form of contraception.

• nabumetone

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and nabumetone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nadolol

  Monitor Closely (1)nadolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nafcillin

  Monitor Closely (1)nafcillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• naproxen

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and naproxen both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• naratriptan

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol increases effects of naratriptan by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. The clinical implication of these interactions is unknown.

• nebivolol

  Monitor Closely (1)nebivolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nefazodone

  Minor (1)nefazodone will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• nelfinavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)nelfinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  nelfinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• neomycin PO

  Monitor Closely (1)neomycin PO will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nevirapine

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• nicardipine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of nicardipine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nilotinib

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of nilotinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• nirmatrelvir

  Monitor Closely (1)nirmatrelvir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider using additional nonhormonal contraceptive method for remainder of cycle. Mechanism unknown, but possibly by ritonavir CYP2C9 or CYP1A2 induction.

• nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

  Monitor Closely (1)nirmatrelvir/ritonavir will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider using additional nonhormonal contraceptive method for remainder of cycle. Mechanism unknown, but possibly by ritonavir CYP2C9 or CYP1A2 induction.

• nitrofurantoin

  Monitor Closely (1)nitrofurantoin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• noni juice

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and noni juice both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• norepinephrine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and norepinephrine decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• nortriptyline

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, nortriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• octacosanol

  Minor (1)octacosanol increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• ofloxacin

  Monitor Closely (1)ofloxacin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• olanzapine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of olanzapine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• olmesartan

  Monitor Closely (1)olmesartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• omaveloxolone

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)omaveloxolone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Omaveloxolone may reduce efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (eg, pill, patch, ring), implants, and progestin-only pills owing to weak CYP3A4 induction.
  
  omaveloxolone will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Omaveloxolone may reduce efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (eg, pill, patch, ring), implants, and progestin-only pills owing to weak CYP3A4 induction.

• ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC)

  Contraindicated (2)ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC), ethinylestradiol. unspecified interaction mechanism. Contraindicated. Potential for increased ALT; contraceptive failure may occur when coadministered with protease inhibitors (ritonavir).
  
  ethinylestradiol, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir & dasabuvir (DSC). Either increases toxicity of the other by unspecified interaction mechanism. Contraindicated. ALT elevations >5 x ULN (including some >20 x ULN) observed in clinical trials when ethinyl estradiol was coadministered with ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir. Discontinue ethinyl estradiol-containing medications before initiating ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, and/or dasabuvir. Restart ethinyl estradiol containing medication ~2 weeks after hepatitis C combination drug regimen completed.

• oteseconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)oteseconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Otesezonale, a BCRP inhibitor, may increase the effects and risk of toxicities of BCRP substrates. Use lowest starting dose of BCRP substrate, or consider reducing BCRP substrate dose.

• oxaprozin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and oxaprozin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• oxcarbazepine

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)oxcarbazepine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• parecoxib

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and parecoxib both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• paromomycin

  Monitor Closely (1)paromomycin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• penbutolol

  Monitor Closely (1)penbutolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• penicillin G aqueous

  Monitor Closely (1)penicillin G aqueous decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by increasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of oral contraceptive failure.

• penicillin VK

  Monitor Closely (1)penicillin VK will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• pentobarbital

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• perindopril

  Monitor Closely (1)perindopril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• phenobarbital

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• phenytoin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• pindolol

  Monitor Closely (1)pindolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• pioglitazone

  Monitor Closely (1)pioglitazone decreases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• pirbuterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and pirbuterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• piroxicam

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and piroxicam both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• pivmecillinam

  Monitor Closely (1)pivmecillinam increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• posaconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)posaconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• potassium acid phosphate

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)drospirenone and potassium acid phosphate both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium chloride

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)drospirenone and potassium chloride both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium citrate

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)drospirenone and potassium citrate both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• potassium citrate/citric acid

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and potassium citrate/citric acid both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• potassium iodide

  Monitor Closely (1)potassium iodide and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• potassium phosphates, IV

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)drospirenone and potassium phosphates, IV both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• primidone

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)primidone will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• propranolol

  Monitor Closely (1)propranolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• protriptyline

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, protriptyline. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• quinapril

  Monitor Closely (1)quinapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• quinidine

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)quinidine will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• quinupristin/dalfopristin

  Monitor Closely (1)quinupristin/dalfopristin will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ramelteon

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ramelteon by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ramelteon by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• ramipril

  Monitor Closely (1)ramipril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• ranolazine

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ranolazine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.

• rasagiline

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of rasagiline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Recommended dose of rasagiline is 0.5mg daily in combination with CYP1A2 inhibitors.

• reishi

  Minor (1)reishi increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• repotrectinib

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)repotrectinib will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Repotrectinib is a CYP3A4 inducer, which can decrease progestin or estrogen exposure to an extent that could reduce effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Advise females to use an effective nonhormonal contraceptive.
  
  repotrectinib will decrease the level or effect of drospirenone by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Repotrectinib is a CYP3A4 inducer, which can decrease progestin or estrogen exposure to an extent that could reduce effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Advise females to use an effective nonhormonal contraceptive.

• ribociclib

  Monitor Closely (1)ribociclib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• rifabutin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• rifampin

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)rifampin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• rifapentine

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• ritonavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)ritonavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  ritonavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• romidepsin

  Monitor Closely (1)romidepsin decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by receptor binding competition. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ropinirole

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ropinirole by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ethinylestradiol increases levels of ropinirole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• rosuvastatin

  Minor (1)rosuvastatin increases levels of ethinylestradiol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• rucaparib

  Monitor Closely (1)rucaparib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP3A4 substrates, if clinically indicated.

• rufinamide

  Monitor Closely (1)rufinamide decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Rufinamide is a weak inducer of the CYP 3A4 enzyme and can decrease exposure of drugs that are substrates of CYP3A4. .

• ruxolitinib

  Minor (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• ruxolitinib topical

  Minor (2)drospirenone will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of ruxolitinib topical by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sacubitril/valsartan

  Monitor Closely (1)sacubitril/valsartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salicylates (non-asa)

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and salicylates (non-asa) both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salmeterol

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and salmeterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• salsalate

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and salsalate both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• saquinavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)saquinavir will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  saquinavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• secobarbital

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• selegiline

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol increases levels of selegiline by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives inhibit the N demethylatin of selegiline.

• selegiline transdermal

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol increases levels of selegiline transdermal by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Oral contraceptives inhibit the N demethylatin of selegiline.

• shepherd's purse

  Minor (1)shepherd's purse, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Theoretically, shepherd's purse may interfere with BP control.

• siltuximab

  Monitor Closely (2)siltuximab, drospirenone. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: CYP450 activity in the liver is down regulated by infection and inflammation stimuli including cytokines (eg, IL-6); inhibition of IL-6 by siltuximab may restore CYP450 enzymatic activity; caution if coadministered with CYP substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index.
  
  siltuximab, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: CYP450 activity in the liver is down regulated by infection and inflammation stimuli including cytokines (eg, IL-6); inhibition of IL-6 by siltuximab may restore CYP450 enzymatic activity; caution if coadministered with CYP substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index.

• somapacitan

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somapacitan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somapacitan by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• somatrogon

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somatrogon by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somatrogon by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• somatropin

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of somatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required
  
  drospirenone will decrease the level or effect of somatropin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Oral estrogens may reduce serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) response to growth hormone (GH) analogs. Higher GH dose may be required

• sotalol

  Monitor Closely (1)sotalol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• sparsentan

  Monitor Closely (1)sparsentan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor serum potassium frequently.

• spironolactone

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)drospirenone and spironolactone both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  drospirenone, spironolactone. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• St John's Wort

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• stiripentol

  Monitor Closely (1)stiripentol, ethinylestradiol. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.

• succinylcholine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and succinylcholine both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• sugammadex sodium

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)sugammadex sodium decreases effects of ethinylestradiol by receptor binding competition. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. In vitro binding studies showed that sugammadex may bind to progestogen, thereby decreasing progestogen exposure. Therefore, a sugammadex bolus dose is considered to be equivalent to missing dose(s) of hormonal contraceptives containing an estrogen or progestogen. If an oral contraceptive is taken on the same day of sugammadex, or the patient has a transdermal or implant hormonal contraceptive, the patient must use an additional, nonhormonal contraceptive method or back-up method of contraception (eg, condoms and spermicides) for the next 7 days.

• sulfadiazine

  Monitor Closely (1)sulfadiazine will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of sulfadiazine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sulfamethoxazole

  Monitor Closely (1)sulfamethoxazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (2)drospirenone increases levels of sulfamethoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
  
  drospirenone, sulfamethoxazole. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• sulfasalazine

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and sulfasalazine both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• sulfisoxazole

  Monitor Closely (1)sulfisoxazole will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (1)drospirenone increases levels of sulfisoxazole by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• sulindac

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and sulindac both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tacrolimus

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tacrolimus by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tazemetostat

  Monitor Closely (3)tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of tazemetostat by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tecovirimat

  Monitor Closely (1)tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.

• telmisartan

  Monitor Closely (1)telmisartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• temocillin

  Monitor Closely (1)temocillin increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• terbutaline

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and terbutaline decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• teriflunomide

  Monitor Closely (1)teriflunomide increases levels of ethinylestradiol by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tetracycline

  Monitor Closely (1)tetracycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• theophylline

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of theophylline by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• ticarcillin

  Monitor Closely (2)ticarcillin will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  ticarcillin increases effects of drospirenone by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor. Hyperkalemia.

• tigecycline

  Monitor Closely (1)tigecycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.

• timolol

  Monitor Closely (1)timolol and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tinidazole

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
  
  drospirenone will increase the level or effect of tinidazole by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tipranavir

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)tipranavir, ethinylestradiol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Significant changes (increase or decrease) can occur in estrogen plasma levels. Efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended. .

• tizanidine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tizanidine by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Monitor for tizanidine adverse effects (eg, hypotension or bradycardia)Minor (2)tizanidine increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Risk of hypotension.
  
  ethinylestradiol increases levels of tizanidine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• tolfenamic acid

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and tolfenamic acid both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tolmetin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and tolmetin both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• tolterodine

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of tolterodine by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• tolvaptan

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone and tolvaptan both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• topiramate

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)topiramate will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. The efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive is recommended.

• torsemide

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases and torsemide decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• trandolapril

  Monitor Closely (1)trandolapril, drospirenone. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Risk of hyperkalemia.

• tranexamic acid oral

  Contraindicated (1)tranexamic acid oral, ethinylestradiol. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Coadministration of tranexamic acid oral and combination hormonal contraceptives increases thrombotic risk.

• trazodone

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, trazodone. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• treprostinil

  Minor (1)treprostinil increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

• triamterene

  Serious - Use Alternative (2)drospirenone and triamterene both increase serum potassium. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
  
  drospirenone, triamterene. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Hyperkalemia.

• triazolam

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will increase the level or effect of triazolam by Mechanism: decreasing metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the clearance of benzodiazepines that undergo oxidation, thereby increasing serum concentrations of concomitantly administered benzodiazepines.

• trimethoprim

  Monitor Closely (1)trimethoprim will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (1)drospirenone, trimethoprim. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hyperkalemia.

• trimipramine

  Minor (1)ethinylestradiol, trimipramine. Mechanism: unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Oxidative metabolism of TCAs may be decreased by ethinyl estradiol. Increased antidepressant serum concentrations may occur. Potential for increased TCA adverse effects.

• tucatinib

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)tucatinib will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.

• ursodiol

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol decreases effects of ursodiol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• valoctocogene roxaparvovec

  Monitor Closely (2)ethinylestradiol and valoctocogene roxaparvovec both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Medications that may cause hepatotoxicity when combined with valoctogene roxaparvovec may potentiate the risk of elevated liver enzymes. Closely monitor these medications and consider alternative medications in case of potential drug interactions.
  
  drospirenone and valoctocogene roxaparvovec both increase Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Medications that may cause hepatotoxicity when combined with valoctogene roxaparvovec may potentiate the risk of elevated liver enzymes. Closely monitor these medications and consider alternative medications in case of potential drug interactions.

• valproic acid

  Monitor Closely (1)ethinylestradiol will decrease the level or effect of valproic acid by increasing elimination. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. May lead to increased seizure frequency

• valsartan

  Monitor Closely (1)valsartan and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

• voclosporin

  Monitor Closely (1)voclosporin and drospirenone both increase serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.

• voriconazole

  Monitor Closely (1)voriconazole will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• voxelotor

  Serious - Use Alternative (1)voxelotor will increase the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Voxelotor increases systemic exposure of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic index. Consider dose reduction of the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate(s) if unable to avoid.

• warfarin

  Monitor Closely (1)drospirenone increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.

• xipamide

  Monitor Closely (1)xipamide increases effects of drospirenone by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor.