Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule
- 25mg (Zonegran; generic)
- 100mg (Zonegran; generic)
oral suspension
- 100mg/5mL (Zonisade)
Partial Seizures
Indicated as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures
Initial: 100 mg PO qDay
Increase to 200 mg/day after 2 weeks (may divide dose BID); may increase further by increments of 100 mg/day after minimum of 2 weeks between adjustments; not to exceed 600 mg/day
Usual effective dose: 100-600 mg/day
Dosage Modifications
Renal impairment
- Titrate dose more slowly and frequently monitor
- GFR <50 mL/min: Avoid use
- Discontinue if acute renal failure develops or clinically significant sustained increase in creatinine/BUN
Hepatic impairment
- Not studied
Binge-eating Disorder (Off-label)
Initial: 100 mg PO qDay
May increase by 100 mg increments q2Week; not to exceed 600 mg/day (may divide q12hr after first week)
Dosage Forms & Strengths
capsule
- 25mg (Zonegran; generic)
- 100mg (Zonegran; generic)
oral suspension
- 100mg/5mL (Zonisade)
Partial Seizures
Indicated as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures in adolescents aged ≥16 years
<16 years
- Safety and efficacy not established
- Cases of oligohidrosis and hyperpyrexia have been reported
≥16 years
- Initial: 100 mg PO qDay
- Increase to 200 mg/day after 2 weeks (may divide dose BID); may increase further by increments of 100 mg/day after minimum of 2 weeks between adjustments; not to exceed 600 mg/day
- Usual effective dose: 100-600 mg/day
Dosage Modifications
Renal impairment
- Titrate dose more slowly and frequently monitor
- GFR <50 mL/min: Avoid use
- Discontinue if acute renal failure develops or clinically significant sustained increase in creatinine/BUN
Hepatic impairment
- Not studied
Partial Seizures
Administer as in adults; initiate dosing at the lower end of the dosing range
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious - Use Alternative
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (0)
Serious - Use Alternative (11)
- abametapir
abametapir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. For 2 weeks after abametapir application, avoid taking drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates. If not feasible, avoid use of abametapir.
- apalutamide
apalutamide will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of apalutamide, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates can result in lower exposure to these medications. Avoid or substitute another drug for these medications when possible. Evaluate for loss of therapeutic effect if medication must be coadministered. Adjust dose according to prescribing information if needed.
- fexinidazole
fexinidazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Fexinidazole inhibits CYP3A4. Coadministration may increase risk for adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
- idelalisib
idelalisib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Idelalisib is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates
- ivosidenib
ivosidenib will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with ivosidenib or replace with alternative therapies. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor patients for loss of therapeutic effect of these drugs.
- lonafarnib
lonafarnib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A substrates. If coadministration unavoidable, monitor for adverse reactions and reduce CYP3A substrate dose in accordance with product labeling.
- metoclopramide intranasal
zonisamide, metoclopramide intranasal. Either increases effects of the other by Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Avoid use of metoclopramide intranasal or interacting drug, depending on importance of drug to patient.
- nefazodone
nefazodone will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- olopatadine intranasal
zonisamide and olopatadine intranasal both increase sedation. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration increases risk of CNS depression, which can lead to additive impairment of psychomotor performance and cause daytime impairment.
- tucatinib
tucatinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid concomitant use of tucatinib with CYP3A substrates, where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious or life-threatening toxicities. If unavoidable, reduce CYP3A substrate dose according to product labeling.
- voxelotor
voxelotor will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Voxelotor increases systemic exposure of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates. Avoid coadministration with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic index. Consider dose reduction of the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate(s) if unable to avoid.
Monitor Closely (60)
- acrivastine
acrivastine and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- amisulpride
amisulpride and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- asenapine
asenapine and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- asenapine transdermal
asenapine transdermal and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- avapritinib
avapritinib and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen
benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- betrixaban
zonisamide increases levels of betrixaban by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Use Caution/Monitor. Decrease betrixaban dose to 80 mg PO once, then 40 mg PO qDay if coadministered with a P-gp inhibitor.
- brexpiprazole
brexpiprazole and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- brimonidine
brimonidine and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- brivaracetam
brivaracetam and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- buprenorphine subdermal implant
buprenorphine subdermal implant and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- buprenorphine transdermal
buprenorphine transdermal and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- carbamazepine
carbamazepine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cenobamate
cenobamate, zonisamide. Either increases effects of the other by sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- chloramphenicol
chloramphenicol will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cimetidine
cimetidine will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- clarithromycin
clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- clobazam
zonisamide, clobazam. Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Concomitant administration can increase the potential for CNS effects (e.g., increased sedation or respiratory depression).
- crizotinib
crizotinib increases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Dose reduction may be needed for coadministered drugs that are predominantly metabolized by CYP3A.
- crofelemer
crofelemer increases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Crofelemer has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4 at concentrations expected in the gut; unlikely to inhibit systemically because minimally absorbed.
- dabrafenib
dabrafenib will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- daridorexant
zonisamide and daridorexant both increase sedation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Coadministration increases risk of CNS depression, which can lead to additive impairment of psychomotor performance and cause daytime impairment.
- deferasirox
deferasirox will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- deutetrabenazine
zonisamide and deutetrabenazine both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- dichlorphenamide
dichlorphenamide, zonisamide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Both drugs can cause metabolic acidosis.
- difelikefalin
difelikefalin and zonisamide both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.
- efavirenz
efavirenz will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- elagolix
elagolix decreases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Elagolix is a weak-to-moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor CYP3A substrates if coadministered. Consider increasing CYP3A substrate dose if needed.
- elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF increases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Cobicistat is a CYP3A4 inhibitor; contraindicated with CYP3A4 substrates for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events.
- encorafenib
encorafenib, zonisamide. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Encorafenib both inhibits and induces CYP3A4 at clinically relevant plasma concentrations. Coadministration of encorafenib with sensitive CYP3A4 substrates may result in increased toxicity or decreased efficacy of these agents.
- enzalutamide
enzalutamide will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin base
erythromycin base will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin ethylsuccinate
erythromycin ethylsuccinate will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin lactobionate
erythromycin lactobionate will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- erythromycin stearate
erythromycin stearate will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- esketamine intranasal
esketamine intranasal, zonisamide. Either increases toxicity of the other by sedation. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.
- fedratinib
fedratinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Adjust dose of drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates as necessary.
- fluvoxamine
fluvoxamine will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- iloperidone
iloperidone increases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Iloperidone is a time-dependent CYP3A inhibitor and may lead to increased plasma levels of drugs predominantly eliminated by CYP3A4.
- isoniazid
isoniazid will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- istradefylline
istradefylline will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Istradefylline 40 mg/day increased peak levels and AUC of CYP3A4 substrates in clinical trials. This effect was not observed with istradefylline 20 mg/day. Consider dose reduction of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates.
- itraconazole
itraconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ketoconazole
ketoconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- lacosamide
zonisamide increases toxicity of lacosamide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Coadministration of lacosamide with sodium channel-blocking antiseizure drugs may increase the risk for AV block, bradycardia, or ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Monitor ECG before beginning lacosamide and after lacosamide is titrated to steady-state.
- levoketoconazole
levoketoconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- lurasidone
lurasidone, zonisamide. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Potential for increased CNS depressant effects when used concurrently; monitor for increased adverse effects and toxicity.
- metformin
zonisamide increases toxicity of metformin by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Decreases serum bicarbonate and induce non-anion gap, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
- methylphenidate transdermal
methylphenidate transdermal will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by decreasing metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider decreasing the dose of these drugs when given coadministered with methylphenidate. Monitor for drug toxiticities when initiating or discontinuing methylphenidate.
- midazolam intranasal
midazolam intranasal, zonisamide. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Concomitant use of barbiturates, alcohol, or other CNS depressants may increase the risk of hypoventilation, airway obstruction, desaturation, or apnea and may contribute to profound and/or prolonged drug effect.
- mitotane
mitotane decreases levels of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P-4503A4; monitor when coadministered with CYP3A4 substrates for possible dosage adjustments.
- orlistat
orlistat decreases levels of zonisamide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Risk of convulsions.
- rifabutin
rifabutin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rifampin
rifampin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- rucaparib
rucaparib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Adjust dosage of CYP3A4 substrates, if clinically indicated.
- saquinavir
saquinavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- sevelamer
sevelamer decreases levels of zonisamide by increasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor.
- St John's Wort
St John's Wort will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- stiripentol
stiripentol, zonisamide. affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Stiripentol is a CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer. Monitor CYP3A4 substrates coadministered with stiripentol for increased or decreased effects. CYP3A4 substrates may require dosage adjustment.
stiripentol, zonisamide. Either increases effects of the other by sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. Concomitant use stiripentol with other CNS depressants, including alcohol, may increase the risk of sedation and somnolence. - tazemetostat
tazemetostat will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- tecovirimat
tecovirimat will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Tecovirimat is a weak CYP3A4 inducer. Monitor sensitive CYP3A4 substrates for effectiveness if coadministered.
Minor (78)
- acetaminophen
zonisamide decreases levels of acetaminophen by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Enhanced metabolism increase levels of hepatotoxic metabolites.
- acetaminophen IV
zonisamide decreases levels of acetaminophen IV by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Enhanced metabolism incr levels of hepatotoxic metabolites.
- acetaminophen rectal
zonisamide decreases levels of acetaminophen rectal by increasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Enhanced metabolism incr levels of hepatotoxic metabolites.
- acetazolamide
acetazolamide will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- amobarbital
amobarbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- anastrozole
anastrozole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- aprepitant
aprepitant will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- armodafinil
armodafinil will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- artemether/lumefantrine
artemether/lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- atazanavir
atazanavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- atracurium
zonisamide decreases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- biotin
zonisamide decreases levels of biotin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Biotin supplementation may be necessary.
- bosentan
bosentan will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- budesonide
budesonide will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- butabarbital
butabarbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- butalbital
butalbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cisatracurium
zonisamide decreases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- conivaptan
conivaptan will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cortisone
cortisone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cyanocobalamin
zonisamide decreases levels of cyanocobalamin by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- darifenacin
darifenacin will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- darunavir
darunavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- dasatinib
dasatinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- dexamethasone
dexamethasone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- dexmethylphenidate
dexmethylphenidate increases effects of zonisamide by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- DHEA, herbal
DHEA, herbal will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- dronedarone
dronedarone will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- entecavir
zonisamide, entecavir. Either increases effects of the other by decreasing renal clearance. Minor/Significance Unknown. Coadministration with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase serum concentrations of either entecavir or the coadministered drug.
- eslicarbazepine acetate
eslicarbazepine acetate will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- etravirine
etravirine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fluconazole
fluconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fludrocortisone
fludrocortisone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fosaprepitant
fosaprepitant will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- grapefruit
grapefruit will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- griseofulvin
griseofulvin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- hydrocortisone
hydrocortisone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- indinavir
indinavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- lapatinib
lapatinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- larotrectinib
larotrectinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- levocarnitine
zonisamide decreases levels of levocarnitine by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- lumefantrine
lumefantrine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- marijuana
marijuana will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- methylprednisolone
methylprednisolone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- metronidazole
metronidazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- miconazole vaginal
miconazole vaginal will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- nafcillin
nafcillin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- nelfinavir
nelfinavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- nevirapine
nevirapine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- nifedipine
nifedipine will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- nilotinib
nilotinib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- onabotulinumtoxinA
zonisamide decreases effects of onabotulinumtoxinA by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- oxcarbazepine
oxcarbazepine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pancuronium
zonisamide decreases effects of pancuronium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pentobarbital
pentobarbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- phenobarbital
phenobarbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- phenytoin
phenytoin will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- posaconazole
posaconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- prednisone
prednisone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- primidone
primidone will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- quinupristin/dalfopristin
quinupristin/dalfopristin will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- rapacuronium
zonisamide decreases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ribociclib
ribociclib will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- rifapentine
rifapentine will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- ritonavir
ritonavir will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- rocuronium
zonisamide decreases effects of rocuronium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- rufinamide
rufinamide will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- sage
sage decreases effects of zonisamide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Theoretical interaction; some species of sage may cause convulsions.
- secobarbital
secobarbital will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate
serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate increases effects of zonisamide by decreasing metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- succinylcholine
zonisamide decreases effects of succinylcholine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- topiramate
topiramate will decrease the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- vecuronium
zonisamide decreases effects of vecuronium by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- verapamil
verapamil will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- voriconazole
voriconazole will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- zafirlukast
zafirlukast will increase the level or effect of zonisamide by affecting hepatic/intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
Adverse Effects
>10%
Somnolence (17%)
Anorexia (13%)
Dizziness (13%)
1-10%
Headache (10%)
Nausea (9%)
Agitation/irritability (9%)
Fatigue (8%)
Tiredness (7%)
Abdominal pain (6%)
Ataxia (6%)
Confusion (6%)
Depression (6%)
Diplopia (6%)
Insomnia (6%)
Difficulty concentrating (6%)
Difficulty with memory (6%)
Diarrhea (5%)
Speech disorder (5%)
Flu-like symptoms (4%)
Mental slowing (4%)
Nystagmus (4%)
Paresthesia (4%)
Dyspepsia (3%)
Weight loss (3%)
Anxiety (3%)
Rash (3%)
Constipation (2%)
Rhinitis (2%)
Difficulty with verbal expression (2%)
Ecchymosis (2%)
Xerostomia (2%)
Nervousness (2%)
Schizophrenic/schizophreniform behavior (2%)
Taste perversion (2%)
<1%
Body as a whole: Accidental injury, asthenia. Infrequent: Chest pain, flank pain, malaise, allergic reaction, face edema, neck rigidity; lupus erythematosus (rare)
Cardiovascular: Palpitation, tachycardia, vascular insufficiency, hypotension, hypertension, thrombophlebitis, syncope, bradycardia; atrial fibrillation, heart failure, pulmonary embolus, ventricular extrasystoles (rare)
Digestive: Vomiting, flatulence, gingivitis, gum hyperplasia, gastritis, gastroenteritis, stomatitis, cholelithiasis, glossitis, melena, rectal hemorrhage, ulcerative stomatitis, gastro-duodenal ulcer, dysphagia, gum hemorrhage; cholangitis, hematemesis, cholecystitis, cholestatic jaundice, colitis, duodenitis, esophagitis, fecal incontinence, mouth ulceration (rare)
Hematologic and lymphatic: Leukopenia, anemia, immunodeficiency, lymphadenopathy; thrombocytopenia, microcytic anemia, petechia (rare)
Metabolic and nutritional: Peripheral edema, weight gain, edema, thirst, dehydration; hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, lactic dehydrogenase increased, ALT/AST increased (rare)
Musculoskeletal: Leg cramps, myalgia, myasthenia, arthralgia, arthritis
Nervous system: Tremor, convulsion, abnormal gait, hyperesthesia, incoordination, hypertonia, twitching, abnormal dreams, vertigo, libido decreased, neuropathy, hyperkinesia, movement disorder, dysarthria, cerebrovascular accident, hypotonia, peripheral neuritis, reflexes increased; dyskinesia, dystonia, encephalopathy, facial paralysis, hypokinesia, hyperesthesia, myoclonus, oculogyric crisis (rare)
Behavioral abnormalities, nonpsychosis-related: Euphoria
Respiratory: Pharyngitis, cough increased, dyspnea; apnea, hemoptysis (rare)
Skin and appendages: Pruritus, maculopapular rash, acne, alopecia, dry skin, sweating, eczema, urticaria, hirsutism, pustular rash, vesiculobullous rash
Special senses: Amblyopia, tinnitus, conjunctivitis, parosmia, deafness, visual field defect, glaucoma; photophobia, iritis (rare)
Urogenital: Urinary frequency, dysuria, urinary incontinence, hematuria, impotence, urinary retention, urinary urgency, amenorrhea, polyuria, nocturia; albuminuria, enuresis, bladder pain, bladder calculus, gynecomastia, mastitis, menorrhagia (rare)
Postmarketing Reports
Acute pancreatitis
Rhabdomyolysis
Creatine phosphokinase increased
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)
Acute myopia and secondary angle closure glaucoma
Hyperammonemia and encephalopathy
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to zonisamide or sulfonamides
Cautions
Rare reports of serious hematologic events (2 confirmed cases of aplastic anemia and 1 confirmed case of agranulocytosis)
As with other antiepileptic drugs, may increase risk of seizure frequency and status epilepticus with abrupt withdrawal
Potential for teratogenic effects; advise females of childbearing potential to use effective contraception
May cause kidney stones; in general, increasing fluid intake and urine output can help reduce risk of stone formation, particularly in those with predisposing risk factors
Increased risk of serum creatinine and BUN
Unclear for clinical trials if increases risk of status epilepticus
Potentially fatal reactions to sulfonamides
- Fatalities have occurred as a result of severe reactions to sulfonamides (zonisamide is a sulfonamide) including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
- Discontinue immediately if signs of hypersensitivity or other serious reactions occur
Serious skin reactions
- Seven deaths from severe rash (ie, Stevens-Johnson syndrome [SJS] and toxic epidermal necrolysis [TEN]) were reported in the first 11 years of marketing in Japan
- All patients were receiving other drugs in addition to zonisamide
- In postmarketing experience from Japan, 49 cases of SJS or TEN have been reported, a reporting rate of 46 per million patient-years of exposure
- Although this rate is greater than background, it is probably an underestimate of the true incidence because of under-reporting
- There were no confirmed cases of SJS or TEN in the US, European, or Japanese development programs
- Discontinue at first sign of rash, unless the rash is clearly not drug-related
- Discontinue if signs or symptoms suggest SJS/TEN and do not resume; consider alternant therapy
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)/multiorgan hypersensitivity
- DRESS, also known as multiorgan hypersensitivity, reported
- Typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy and/or facial swelling, in association with other organ system involvement (eg, hepatitis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis)
- Early manifestations of hypersensitivity (eg, fever, lymphadenopathy) may be present even though rash is not evident
- Evaluate patient immediately; discontinue if alternative etiology for signs/symptoms not established
Oligohidrosis and hyperthermia in pediatric patients
- Not indicated for children younger than 16 years
- Oligohidrosis, sometimes resulting in heat stroke and hospitalization, observed in pediatric patients during pre-approval development program
- Caution if coadministered with other drugs that predispose patients to heat-related disorders (eg, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, anticholinergics)
Acute myopia and secondary angle closure glaucoma
- Acute myopia and secondary angle closure glaucoma reported
- Symptoms included acute onset of decreased visual acuity and/or ocular pain
- Ophthalmologic findings can include myopia, anterior chamber shallowing, ocular hyperemia, and increased intraocular pressure; mydriasis may or may not be present
Suicidal behavior and ideation
- Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may increase risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior in patients taking these drugs for any indication
- Monitor for emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and/or any unusual changes in mood or behavior
Metabolic acidosis
- May cause hyperchloremic, non-anion gap, metabolic acidosis (ie, decreased serum bicarbonate below the normal reference range in the absence of chronic respiratory alkalosis)
- Metabolic acidosis is caused by renal bicarbonate loss owing to inhibitory on carbonic anhydrase Generally, metabolic acidosis occurs early in treatment, but it can develop at any time during treatment
- Metabolic acidosis generally appears dose-dependent and can occur at doses as low as 25 mg/day
- Conditions or therapies that predispose to acidosis include renal disease, severe respiratory disorders, status epilepticus, diarrhea, ketogenic diet, or specific drugs
- Some manifestations of acute or chronic metabolic acidosis include hyperventilation, nonspecific symptoms (eg, fatigue, anorexia), or more severe sequelae including cardiac arrhythmias or stupor
- Chronic, untreated, metabolic acidosis may increase the risk for nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis
Cognitive/neuropsychiatric adverse effects
-
May cause
- Psychiatric symptoms, including depression and psychosis
- Cognitive dysfunction such as psychomotor slowing, difficulty with concentration, and speech or language problems, in particular, word-finding difficulties
- Somnolence and fatigue, most frequently at doses of 300-500 mg/day
Hyperammonemia and encephalopathy
- Hyperammonemia and encephalopathy reported
- Zonisamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase activity, which may cause metabolic acidosis that is associated with increased risk for developing hyperammonemia
- Hyperammonemia can also be asymptomatic
- Various manifestations of encephalopathy may be increased when coadministered with other medications that can cause hyperammonemia, including valproic acid or topiramate
- Patients with inborn errors of metabolism or reduced hepatic mitochondrial activity may have increased risk for hyperammonemia with or without encephalopathy
- Measure serum ammonia concentration if signs or symptoms (eg, unexplained change in mental status, vomiting, or lethargy) of encephalopathy occur
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
Based on findings from animal studies, may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant females
Zonisamide causes metabolic acidosis in humans
Prospective cohort studies suggest an increased rate of small for gestational age infants in pregnancies exposed to zonisamide, which may be associated with metabolic acidosis
Pregnancy registry
- Advise pregnant patients to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry by calling the toll-free number 1-888-233-2334 (must be done by patients themselves)
- Information can also be found at http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/
Animal studies
- Use during pregnancy produced fetal malformations in multiple species and embryofetal (monkey) or perinatal (rat) death at maternal plasma levels similar to or lower than therapeutic levels in humans
Clinical considerations
- As with other AEDs, physiological changes during pregnancy may affect zonisamide concentrations and/or therapeutic effect
- There have been reports of decreased zonisamide concentrations during pregnancy and restoration of pre-pregnancy concentrations after delivery
- Dose adjustments may be necessary to maintain clinical response
- Monitor newborns exposed to zonisamide in utero for metabolic acidosis owing to transfer of zonisamide to fetus
- Transient metabolic acidosis reported in neonates born to women treated during pregnancy with a different carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Contraception
- Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 1 month after discontinuation
Infertility
- Based on findings in animals, may impair fertility in females
Lactation
Readily transferred to human milk, with reported milk-to-plasma ratio ranging between 0.7 to 0.9
There are no data of effect on milk production
Because zonisamide has been associated with metabolic acidosis in adult and pediatric patients and hyperthermia in pediatric patients, infants exposed during breastfeeding should be monitored for poor feeding, weight loss, excess sedation, decreased muscle tone, and elevated temperature
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Unknown; benzisoxazole compound; more active against tonic phase than it is against clonic phase; may stabilize neuronal membranes by acting at sodium and calcium channels; does not affect GABA activity
Elicits carbonic anhydrase inhibitor activity
Absorption
Peak plasma time: 2-6 hr (capsules); 0.5-5 hr (oral suspension)
Peak plasma concentration: 2-5 mcg/mL (capsules)
Distribution
Protein bound: 40%
Vd: 1.45 L/kg
Metabolism
Hepatic; through CYP3A4
Elimination
Half-life: 63 hr (plasma); 105 hr (RBCs)
Renal clearance: 3.5 mL/min
Total body clearance: 0.3-0.35 mL/min/kg
Excretion: Urine (62%); feces (3%)
Administration
Oral Administration
May administer with or without food
Oral suspension
- Shake well before every administration
- Measure dose with accurate measuring device (eg, oral syringe)
Discontinuation
- Decrease dose gradually when discontinuing
- Avoid abrupt discontinuation, when possible, to minimize risk of increased seizure frequency and status epilepticus
Storage
Capsules
- Store at 25ºC (77ºF), excursions permitted to 15-30ºC (59-86ºF)
- Store in dry place
- Protect from light
Oral suspension
- Store at 20-25ºC (68-77ºF), excursions permitted to 15-30ºC (59-86ºF)
- Protect from light
- Discard unused portion 30 days after first opening bottle
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| zonisamide oral - | 100 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 100 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 25 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 50 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 25 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 100 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 25 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 100 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 50 mg capsule |  | |
| zonisamide oral - | 50 mg capsule |  | |
| Zonegran oral - | 100 mg capsule |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
zonisamide oral
ZONISAMIDE - ORAL
(zoh-NISS-uh-mide)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Zonegran, Zonisade
USES: Zonisamide is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures (epilepsy). Zonisamide is a sulfonamide anticonvulsant and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is unknown how zonisamide works to prevent seizures.
HOW TO USE: Read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start taking zonisamide and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually 1 to 2 times a day. To prevent kidney stones from forming, drink plenty of liquids while taking this medication unless your doctor instructs you otherwise.If you are using the capsule form of this medication, swallow the capsules whole.If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. Shake the bottle well before each dose.Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. It is very important to follow your doctor's dosing instructions exactly. Your doctor will start you on a low dose and slowly increase your dose. It may take several weeks or months to reach the best dose for you and to get the full benefit from this medication.Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. This drug works best when the amount of medicine in your body is kept at a constant level. To help you remember and to keep a constant level, take zonisamide at the same time(s) each day.Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor. Some conditions may become worse when the drug is suddenly stopped. Your dose may need to be gradually decreased.Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens.
SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness, drowsiness, trouble sleeping, lack of coordination, lightheadedness, loss of appetite, diarrhea, or double vision may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood problems (such as confusion, difficulty concentrating, memory problems, agitation, irritability), speech problems, decreased sweating, sudden back/side/abdominal pain, painful urination.A small number of people who take anticonvulsants for any condition (such as seizure, bipolar disorder, pain) may experience depression, suicidal thoughts/attempts, or other mental/mood problems. Tell your doctor right away if you or your family/caregiver notice any unusual/sudden changes in your mood, thoughts, or behavior including signs of depression, suicidal thoughts/attempts, thoughts about harming yourself.This medication may cause a serious metabolic problem (metabolic acidosis). Get medical help right away if you have any of the following symptoms: bone pain/breakage, rapid breathing, fast/irregular heartbeat, sudden/unexplained tiredness, severe drowsiness/difficulty staying awake.Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, such as: easy bruising/bleeding, eye pain/redness, vision changes (such as decreased vision, blurred vision), signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine, pink/bloody urine), signs of liver problems (such as nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, loss of appetite, stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine).A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: fever, swollen lymph nodes, rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking zonisamide, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: liver disease, kidney disease (such as kidney stones), lung/breathing problems, long-term diarrhea, metabolic imbalance (metabolic acidosis), a special diet (ketogenic diet), mental/mood problems (such as depression, psychosis).This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).This medication may make you sweat less, making you more likely to get heat stroke. Avoid doing things that may cause you to overheat, such as hard work or exercise in hot weather, or using hot tubs. When the weather is hot, drink a lot of fluids and dress lightly. If you overheat, quickly look for a place to cool down and rest. Get medical help right away if you have a fever that does not go away, mental/mood changes, headache, or dizziness.Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially dizziness, lightheadedness, or lack of coordination. These side effects can increase the risk of falling.Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of the drug, especially decreased sweating, heat stroke, or metabolic imbalance.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. It may harm an unborn baby. Ask about reliable forms of birth control while using this medication and for 1 month after the last dose. Since untreated seizures are a serious condition that can harm both a pregnant woman and her unborn baby, do not stop taking this medication unless directed by your doctor. If you are planning pregnancy, become pregnant, or think you may be pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the benefits and risks of using this medication during pregnancy.This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug include: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (such as acetazolamide), orlistat.Other medications can affect the removal of zonisamide from your body, which may affect how zonisamide works. Examples include other medications to treat seizures (such as phenobarbital, primidone), rifamycins (such as rifabutin), St. John's wort, among others. Your doctor may need to adjust your dose of zonisamide if you are on these medications.Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness including alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, and opioid pain relievers (such as codeine).Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: slow/shallow breathing, severe dizziness, loss of consciousness.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.Lab and/or medical tests (such as kidney function, bicarbonate level, complete blood count) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: It is important to take each dose at the scheduled time. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. For the liquid form, throw away any unused medication 30 days after opening the bottle. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
MEDICAL ALERT: Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised December 2022. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
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