Updated recommendations on the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in primary care were released in October 2018 by the Canadian Cardiovascular Harmonized National Guideline Endeavour (C-CHANGE).[1]
Body Habitus
Monitor daily morning weight in patients with heart failure, with fluid retention or congestion that is not easily managed with diuretic agents, or in individuals with significant renal dysfunction.
Diet, and Sodium and Alcohol Intake
For hypertension prevention and blood pressure (BP) reduction in hypertensive adults, reduce daily sodium intake toward 2000 mg (5 g of salt or 87 mmol of sodium).
Encourage all individuals to moderate energy (caloric) intake to achieve/maintain a healthy body weight and to adopt a healthy dietary pattern to reduce their CVD risk, such as the following:
Mediterranean, Portfolio, or DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension) dietary pattern
Dietary patterns high in nuts (≥30 g/day), legumes (≥4 servings/week), olive oil (≥60 mL/day), total fiber (≥30 g/day), and whole grains (≥3 servings/day), as well as those rich in fruits and vegetables (≥5 servings/day)
Low glycemic load or low glycemic index dietary patterns
Vegetarian dietary patterns
Diabetes
Offer diabetic patients timely self-management education tailored to enhance self-care practices/behaviors.
Overweight/obesity
Include a dietary plan for health improvement as part of a weight-management strategy in obese adults.
A comprehensive healthy lifestyle intervention is recommended for overweight and obese patients.
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Any views expressed above are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect the views of WebMD or Medscape.
Cite this: Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management Clinical Practice Guidelines (2018) - Medscape - Nov 01, 2018.
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