The adrenal glands are a pair of triangular glands, each about 2 inches long and 1 inch wide, that sit on top of the kidneys. They are responsible for the release of hormones that regulate metabolism, immune system function, and the salt-water balance in the bloodstream; they also aid in the body's response to stress. Adrenal disease occurs when a hyperactive adrenal gland incorrectly excessively produces hormones or when a tumor is present. These diseases include Cushing syndrome, aldosteronism, and pheochromocytoma, among others. Alternatively, adrenal dysfunction may occur owing to bleeding, infiltration, or autoimmune injury that causes adrenal hypofunction (Addison disease).
Because adrenal disease can lead to serious complications and can dramatically affect quality of life, appropriate detection and treatment are important. Are you familiar with key adrenal diseases and best practices for their diagnosis and management? Refresh and test your knowledge with this short quiz.
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Cite this: Romesh Khardori. Fast Five Quiz: Adrenal Gland Disorders - Medscape - Dec 11, 2019.
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