
Figure 1. Heart failure in a patient with anemia.
Anemia in patients with heart failure has a multifactorial etiology. The highest risk for anemia is seen in patients with concomitant chronic kidney disease or diabetes mellitus, older age, and more advanced disease.
Anemia is a high-output state that can precipitate the clinical presentation of heart failure due to increased myocardial oxygen consumption and demand beyond what the heart can provide. Other high-output states that may trigger the clinical presentation of heart failure include:
Thyrotoxicosis
Myxedema
Paget disease of bone
Albright syndrome
Multiple myeloma
Glomerulonephritis
Cor pulmonale
Polycythemia vera
Obesity
Carcinoid syndrome
Pregnancy
Nutritional deficiencies (eg, thiamine deficiency, beriberi)
Learn more about the management of heart failure in patients with comorbidities.
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Any views expressed above are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect the views of WebMD or Medscape.
Cite this: Arnold S. Baas, Jeff Hsu. Fast Five Quiz: Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Heart Failure - Medscape - Mar 15, 2021.
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