Fast Five Quiz: Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Heart Failure

Arnold S. Baas, MD; Jeff Hsu, MD

Disclosures

March 15, 2021

Figure 1. Heart failure in a patient with anemia.

Anemia in patients with heart failure has a multifactorial etiology. The highest risk for anemia is seen in patients with concomitant chronic kidney disease or diabetes mellitus, older age, and more advanced disease.

Anemia is a high-output state that can precipitate the clinical presentation of heart failure due to increased myocardial oxygen consumption and demand beyond what the heart can provide. Other high-output states that may trigger the clinical presentation of heart failure include:

  • Thyrotoxicosis

  • Myxedema

  • Paget disease of bone

  • Albright syndrome

  • Multiple myeloma

  • Glomerulonephritis

  • Cor pulmonale

  • Polycythemia vera

  • Obesity

  • Carcinoid syndrome

  • Pregnancy

  • Nutritional deficiencies (eg, thiamine deficiency, beriberi)

Learn more about the management of heart failure in patients with comorbidities.

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