Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects as many as 28% of North American residents. Marked by an excessive backup of gastric contents into the esophagus leading to troublesome symptoms and/or complications, it can result from dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, the esophagus, or the stomach. Complications include esophagitis, Barrett esophagus, stricture or cancer.
The disease is common in people of all ages, although men are more likely to develop esophagitis. Symptoms include heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain and dysphagia, but atypical manifestations like chronic cough, otitis media, and dental problems can also occur.
Workup begins with contrast-enhanced studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract; further studies are required to differentiate GERD from achalasia and to evaluate for surgery. Management is stepwise and more aggressive in the subset of patients deemed at risk for serious complications. Prognosis is good in children and among adults who are adherent to pharmacotherapy, although some will require surgery.
How much do you know about the management of GERD? Test your knowledge with this quick quiz.
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Cite this: B.S. Anand. Fast Five Quiz: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Management - Medscape - Feb 12, 2021.
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