
Figure 1. Chest radiograph of an elderly patient with COPD, who also has a history of smoking.
Systemic manifestations may occur in patients with COPD, including impaired systemic muscle function. Other systemic manifestations may include decreased fat-free mass, osteoporosis, anemia, depression, pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, or left-sided heart failure.
Patients often present with a productive cough that worsens in the morning.
Some patients with COPD may experience wheezing, particularly during exertion and exacerbations. Some researchers have suggested wheezing is indicative of a wheezing phenotype in COPD, which is associated with worse symptoms, more exacerbations, and worse lung function.
Learn more on the presentation of COPD.
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Cite this: Zab Mosenifar. Fast Five Quiz: COPD Presentation and Diagnosis - Medscape - Apr 27, 2021.
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