According to the American Diabetes Association, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor or glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist is recommended as part of a comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction regimen in all patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, including reducing the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure hospitalizations. For example, the EMPEROR-Reduced clinical trial demonstrated that empagliflozin may reduce the risk of cardiovascular death by 38% and decline in glomerular filtration rate.
Beta-blockers and loop diuretics are not glucose-lowering therapies.
Clinical trials evaluating the cardiovascular outcomes with use of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have not shown cardiovascular benefits relative to placebo.
Learn more about cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes.
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Cite this: Romesh Khardori. Fast Five Quiz: Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease - Medscape - Apr 24, 2023.
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