Hypertension is the most common primary diagnosis in the United States and one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. It is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). According to Iqbal and colleagues, hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) values of ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg.
Hypertension may be primary, which may develop as a result of environmental or genetic causes (90%-95% of adult cases), or secondary (2%-10% of cases), which has multiple etiologies, including renal, vascular, and endocrine causes. Hypertensive emergencies (SBP, ≥ 180 mmHg) are most often precipitated by inadequate medication or poor adherence.
There are many possible complications of long-standing hypertension, one of which is renal impairment, now most commonly referred to as CKD, including nephrosclerosis, and eventually, end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Furthermore, patients with diabetic nephropathy who are hypertensive are also at high risk of developing ESRD.
How much do you know about renal impairment owing to hypertension? Test your knowledge with this quick quiz.
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Cite this: Michael Weber. Fast Five Quiz: Renal Impairment From Hypertension - Medscape - Aug 09, 2022.
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